Soft Matter
·
2024
·Vol. 20
·期 22
·4402-4413
·
IF 2.9
Xinglinmao Li,Wen Li,Jia Cheng,Xiao Sun,Yue Zhang,Chunping Xiang,Shougang Chen
Determining the fatigue threshold of elastomers is particularly important to predict their durability and lifespan. However, there has been almost no effective approach to calculate this threshold fast and accurately so far. To realize rapid fatigue performance testing, in this paper, a new method is proposed to calculate the fatigue threshold through the elastic limit strain point of elastomers that can be obtained from the continuous Mullins test. Compared with the traditional binary method to predict fatigue threshold, this method significantly reduces the time required for fatigue testing of elastomers, which can save approximately 2–3 sampling points in the fatigue test, i.e. a time savings of around 40%. Our method also proved to be effective for the elastomers at 0 °C. Additionally, a dual-network elastomer was synthesized using the interpenetrating network method, exhibiting improved elasticity (2.1 MPa and 3.1 MPa), toughness (1423 J m−2 and 2100 J m−2), and higher fatigue threshold (125 J m−2 and 385 J m−2) at 0 °C and room temperature. This material presents great application potential in marine anti-fouling.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Applied Mechanics
·
2024
·
IF 2.9
Kunquan Wang,Lu Dai,Ji Lin,Ping Rao,Rui Xiao
We combine experimental analysis and modeling to investigate the complex mechanical behaviors of copolymer elastomers. Experimental studies are conducted to analyze the impact of monomer ratio, strain rate, and loading mode on the response of copolymer elastomers, which reveal the distinct hyperelastic, viscoelastic, damage and self-recovery behaviors of the materials. Based on the experimental observations, we develop a finite deformation hyperelastic-viscoelastic constitutive model, which incorporates multiple discrete relaxation processes. For the hyperelastic process, an extended eight-chain model is employed. Different from the classic viscoelastic model, the strain hardening and damage/recovery mechanisms are also included in the relaxation processes. The model successfully describes the complex mechanical responses observed in elastomers, including quasi-static loading, strain rate effects, and stress relaxation phenomena. Additionally, the model captures the behavior of elastomers during loading-unloading cycles in a reasonable manner. The work offers an efficient theoretical tool for the design and practical application of elastomers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
固体力学
·
高分子科学
·
本构关系
·
实验力学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Zedong He,Hao Zhang,Ju Xie,Ti Zhou,Jie Zhang
Silicon-containing polyesters represent a novel class of polymers that integrate silicone and polyester units within their main chain. Polysiloxanes typically consist of flexible chain segments, while polyesters are characterized by their rigidity. The combination of these two components in the main chain offers the potential for tunable properties across a broad range. For the first time, a new organosilicon cyclic ester monomer (Si-Mon) was synthesized using a pseudo-high dilution condensation method. Both theoretical and experimental studies confirm that the ring-opening reaction site of Si-Mon is the ester group, rather than the Si-O-Si bond. Silicon-containing polyesters (SiPET-Series 1) with molecular weights exceeding 20,000 Da were efficiently and rapidly synthesized at room temperature, utilizing benzyl alcohol as the initiator and t-BuP 4 as the catalyst. Organosilicon polyester diols (SiPET-Series 2) with varying molecular weights were produced using 1,4-benzenedimethanol as the initiator. Additionally, a new type of organosilicon polyester elastomer (SiPET-E) was developed by employing SiPET-Series 2 as the base gum and (2,4,6-trioxotriazine-1,3,5(2H,4H,6H)- triyl)tris(hexamethylene)isocyanate (THDI) as the crosslinking agent. The stress–strain behavior of SiPET-E is influenced by the molecular weight of SiPET-Series 2. Notably, SiPET-E exhibits remarkable properties; for instance, it demonstrates superelastic characteristics when the molecular weight of SiPET-Series 2 is 13,000 g/mol, achieving a tensile strength of 2.56 MPa and an elongation at break of 776 % without the use of reinforcing fillers.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2022
·
IF 19.069
Rumin Fu,Lingjie Tu,Youjun Guan,Zhengao Wang,Chunlin Deng,Peng Yu,Guoxin Tan,Chengyun Ning,Lei Zhou
Soft and elastic piezoelectric materials have critical applications in emerging fields such as wearable electronics and soft robotics. Although there is much progress towards piezoelectric elastomers , existing methods to achieve such materials rely mainly on blending piezoelectric ceramic or polymer fillers into elastomers. Here, we report a soft tissue-like polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-based piezoelectric elastomer, which shows a high piezoelectric coefficient d 33 of ∼ 40 pC/N and an intrinsic super-elasticity (100 % self-recovery). Moreover, ultrahigh compressibility (> 99 % strain) and stretchability (> 250 % strain) are achieved simultaneously for the elastomer. The elastomer can produce long-term stable electrical outputs and exhibit a fast piezoelectric response and high sensitivity due to the stress-induced poling effect. We proceed to demonstrate that the piezoelectric elastomers can be used for simultaneous impact protection and self-sensing, as well as continuous human pulse and complex hand movements monitoring. These results suggest that the material has potential applications for soft electronics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
软电子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MACROMOLECULES
·
2023
·
IF 5.5
Huagao Fang,Fan Zhang,Yongpu Zhao,Xingchen Gao,Wenjuan Zhou,Guobin Qi,Yunsheng Ding,H. Henning Winter
Liquid crystal elastomer networks (LCEs) have found a wide range of applications due to their unusual mechanical and optical properties. The introduction of dynamic covalent bonds with their possibilities for network renewal opens up further opportunities. Elastomeric vitrimer epoxies (EV, m-EV, and vLCE) were synthesized with increased liquid crystal mesogens (LCM), in which the rheological properties vary with the fraction of LCM in the backbone. Differing from EV and m-EV, the distinctive contributions arising from the smectic structure in the vLCE were manifested in several viscoelastic responses. The underlying mechanisms were discussed for the first time. The smectic-isotropic transition of LCM is expressed, and the residual partially ordered structure in vLCEs contributes to the relatively high storage modulus in heating scans and seems to be the cause of thermal memory effects in the closed-loop cooling and heating experiment. Time–temperature superposition (tTS) is applicable to the EV and m-EV. vLCE becomes─thermorheologically complex in the vicinity of the order–disorder transition temperature of LCM domains. The temperature dependence of the shift factors in tTS can be divided into two regions, showing Williams–Landel–Ferry (WLF)-type at lower temperatures and Arrhenius-type at higher temperatures. At lower temperatures, the flow activation energy (EWLF) increases in the sequence of EV, m-EV, and vLCE, reflecting the increase in backbone stiffness and its control over chain mobility. The activation energy, associated with the release of the transient cross-link from a smectic layer, also exists in vLCE. Above the LC transition temperature, a stretched exponential Kohlrausch–Williams–Watts (KWW) function is introduced to quantitatively describe the network rearrangement kinetics in the stress relaxation process; a low exponent β indicates marked structural heterogeneity in vLCE. Increased LCM causes stress relaxation processes to slow down significantly in a highly elastic state. The activation energy (Ea) obtained from the Arrhenius dependence of characteristic relaxation times declines as the LCM content is increased. This could be attributed to the locally higher concentration of the ester group and catalyst in vLCE.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
物理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
·
2022
·
IF 5.999
Zheming Tong,Hongyu Guo,Zhigang Di,Ye Sheng,Lina Song,Jiankun Hu,Xiang Gao,Yang Hou,Xiaoli Zhan,Qinghua Zhang
In antifouling applications for the marine industry, low surface energy coatings entail turbulent water flow to release marine biofouling, which presents a substantial challenge for antifouling in the static situation. The traditional solution is to add environmentally friendly antifouling agents , but it has the problem of exhaustion. Therefore, the low surface energy elastic antifouling coating without antifoulants has high research value. Herein, inspired by soft body and epidermal mucus of squid, the stable polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) hydrophilic segments were introduced to modify the polydimethylsiloxane-based polyurethane (PDMS-PU), realizing low surface energy elastomer coatings with hydrophilized defensive surface and reduced elastic modulus (<1.1 MPa). In an aqueous environment, the tailored surface exposed sufficient stable hydrophilic segments, exerting excellent antifouling performance, which improved the anti-adsorption effect on biological proteins, bacteria (antibacterial rate 95.24%) and algae (cover rate <3%). The coating exhibited excellent marine antifouling performance within 150 days and also gave a new impetus to developing an eco-friendly and sustainable solution for no-antifoulant marine antifouling applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
海洋生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 6.3
Yingying Li,Yali Liu,Ai Liu,Changjie Xu,Chijian Zhang,Jianyong Yu,Ruchao Yuan,Faxue Li
Introducing the renewable poly(trimethylene ether glycol) (PO3G) as soft segments into bio-based poly(propylene terephthalate) (PTT), which is synthesized from the bio-based propylene glycol (PDO) monomer, results in thermoplastic polyester elastomers (PTT-PO3G) with superior thermomechanical properties. As the PO3G content in PTT-PO3G copolymers increased from 20 wt% to 60 wt%, the melting temperatures of these copolymers decreased from 220 to 174°C, and the tensile strength decreased from 31.7 to 4.2 MPa with the Shore hardness falling from 60 to 26 D, whereas the elongation at break showed an increase tendency from 697 % to 1074 %. Characterizations utilizing dynamic thermomechanical analysis (DMA), small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), and atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed the presence of microphase separations in PTT-PO3G copolymers. The strength and moisture regain of PTT-PO3G-20 elastic fibers fabricated via an eco-friendly melt spinning technique reach 1.42 cN/dtex and 1.52 %, which are 58 % and 407 % higher than those of traditional wet-spun Spandex® fibers, respectively. Surprisedly, the resilience of PTT-PO3G-20 fibers exceeded 96 % at an elongation of 20 %, demonstrating its promising potential as a sustainable alternative to Spandex® fibers in textile applications. The excellent thermodynamic properties indicate that the bio-based PTT-PO3G copolymers have great potential to replace traditional petroleum-based elastomers for promoting the sustainable and low-carbon global development.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纺织工程
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ULTRASONICS
·
2015
·
IF 1.942
Weibao Qiu,Congzhi Wang,Yongchuan Li,Juan Zhou,Ge Yang,Yang Xiao,Ge Feng,Qiaofeng Jin,Peitian Mu,Ming Qian,Hairong Zheng
Ultrasound elastography is widely used for the non-invasive measurement of tissue elasticity properties. Shear wave imaging (SWI) is a quantitative method for assessing tissue stiffness. SWI has been demonstrated to be less operator dependent than quasi-static elastography, and has the ability to acquire quantitative elasticity information in contrast with acoustic radiation force impulse (ARFI) imaging. However, traditional SWI implementations cannot acquire two dimensional (2D) quantitative images of the tissue elasticity distribution. This study proposes and evaluates a scanning-mode 2D SWI (s2D-SWI) system. The hardware and image processing algorithms are presented in detail. Programmable devices are used to support flexible control of the system and the image processing algorithms. An analytic signal based cross-correlation method and a Radon transformation based shear wave speed determination method are proposed, which can be implemented using parallel computation. Imaging of tissue mimicking phantoms, and in vitro , and in vivo imaging test are conducted to demonstrate the performance of the proposed system. The s2D-SWI system represents a new choice for the quantitative mapping of tissue elasticity, and has great potential for implementation in commercial ultrasound scanners.
研究领域:
医学影像学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF APPLIED POLYMER SCIENCE
·
2023
·
IF 3
Zhigang Peng,Huan Zhang,Qian Feng,Yong Zheng
To solve the problem of high brittleness and easy cracking of cement stone, epoxy resin powder elastic particles (HEEP) were developed to improve the elasticity of cement stone. HEEP was prepared from epoxy resin and trimeric anhydride by solution polymerization. The surface wettability and particle size of HEEP were analyzed by contact angle test and laser particle size analysis respectively. Mechanical performance tests, scanning electron microscope (SEM) analysis and x-ray diffraction analysis were conducted on the cement stone containing HEEP. The results showed that HEEP was the target product, with a hydrophilic surface and a water contact angle of 75.2° on the HEEP surface. The particle size distribution of HEEP was uniform, and the median particle size was 36.5 μm. The initial decomposition temperature of HEEP was 300°C, indicating a good thermal stability. The stress–strain curve showed that when the HEEP dosage was 3%, 6%, and 9%, the elastic modulus of the cement stone was 6.382, 4.017, and 3.148 GPa, respectively. Compared with the blank cement without HEEP, the elastic modulus was reduced by 28.3%, 54.9%, and 64.6%, respectively. This showed that HEEP could effectively improve the elasticity of cement stone. In addition, the compressive strength and flexural strength of cement stone containing HEEP can meet the requirements of on-site applications. SEM analysis of cement stone showed that HEEP was well filled in cement stone. When the cement stone was subjected to complex stress, HEEP could effectively buffer and disperse the stress, thereby enhancing the resistance of cement stone to external force impact.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
石油工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Tao Yang,Jiyang Zuo,Fei Liu,Caiqi Liu,Caohong Chen,Xiaoqin Jiang,Kangpeng Liu,Siqi Yu,Jinggang Wang,Jin Zhu
Thermoplastic elastomers (TPE), as a class of essential materials, play an important role in manufacturing, engineering, medical and military fields due to their excellent properties. However, the elastomers often underperform and suffer from the familiar trade-off between stiffness and high elasticity. In this study, thiophenedicarboxylic acid (TDCA), a class of potential bio-based aromatic monomers was used for the design and synthesis of high performance TPE. Poly(propylene thiophenedicarboxylate) (PPThF) possessing a surprising crystallization ability was proposed to use as an ideal hard segment, and a series of poly(ether-ester) copolymers were designed. Results showed that the well-defined reprocessable poly(ether-ester) elastomers demonstrated impressive ultra-high elastic modulus (>120 MPa), elasticity ( η r (1) = 55 %, and by adjusting the sequence structure, η r (1) can be further improved to as high as 73 %) and melting temperature ( T m = 164 °C). Plus, the TDCA-based TPEEs showed excellent biocompatibility and bacteriostatic effect. This innovative work not only provides an alternative choice for the fabrication of high performance bio-based TPE, but also resolves the irreconcilable contradiction between stiffness and elasticity.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry C
·
2024
·Vol. 12
·期 26
·9685-9692
·
IF 5.7
Yanpeng Cao,Rui Yan,Xiaoye Wo,Jinlong Ma,Xiao Yu,Aijun Li,Jian Huang,Fenghua Li,Qixian Zhang
Owing to the demand for high sensitivity and lightweight flexible electronic devices, researchers have made efforts to develop wearable devices by integrating flexible electronic devices onto flexible and self-healing substrates. Developing self-healing materials with excellent self-healing efficiency and ultra-high mechanical performance at room temperature is very important. A new self-healing material was successfully synthesized as a high-strength polyurethane elastomer by introducing functional segments with different structural rigidities, including thiourea and oxime–urethane bonds. It was named 2,5-dithiobiurea–dimethylglyoxime–urethane complex-based polyurethane elastomer (DBTU–DOU–PU, hereinafter referred to as DDPU). The mechanical strength of DDPU can be restored to 5 MPa after repairing for 10 min at room temperature (25 ± 2 °C). After 72 h recovery, the tensile strength of DDPU is 65.4% of its initial value. The colorless and transparent DDPU material may have broad application prospects such as in electronic skin, human-computer intelligent interaction, and flexible self-healing sensors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2022
·Vol. 14
·期 4
·699
·
IF 4.967
Linlin Wang,Jie Zhou,Lei Li,Shengyu Feng
Supramolecular elastomers integrated with high mechanical toughness and excellent self-healing ability offer attractive applications in various fields such as biomedical materials and wearable electronics. However, the multistep preparation process for creating functional polymer precursors and the expensive stock materials required are two factors that limit the widespread use of supramolecular elastomers. Herein, for the first time, poly(β-hydroxyl amine)s generated by amine-epoxy polymerization were used in the development of supramolecular polymer materials. Based on the novel silicon-containing poly(β-hydroxyl amine)s synthesized by the polymerization between 1,3-bis(3-glycidyloxypropyl)tetramethyldisiloxane and 3-amino-1,2-propanediol, dually cross-linked supramolecular elastomers with both hydrogen bonding and metal coordination were achieved, displaying adjustable mechanical properties with the tensile strength varying from 0.70 MPa to 2.52 MPa, respectively. Thanks to the dynamic nature of the supramolecular interactions, these elastomers exhibited favorable hot-pressing reprocessability and excellent self-healing performance, with the healing efficiency reaching up to 98% at 60 °C for 48 h. Potential applications for photoluminescent materials and flexible electronic devices were demonstrated. We believe that its simplicity of synthesis, adjustable mechanical properties, and robust self-healing capacities bode well for future applications of this new supramolecular elastomer.Keywords:dual-cross-linked elastomer;supramolecular elastomer;poly(β-hydroxyl amine);self-healing
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
生物医学材料
·
可穿戴电子
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）