ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
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2019
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IF 5.383
Shuang Gao,Dan Wang,Yinglin Wang,Chuang Li,Yichun Liu,Norihiro Suzuki,Chiaki Terashima,Akira Fujishima,Xintong Zhang
Doping with tetravalent titanium cation impurities is an effective means to enhance the performance of hematite (α-Fe 2 O 3 ) photoanodes. These nevertheless face problems of inefficient activation of impurity donors, which thereby impairs the photoelectrochemical water oxidation property of hematite. Herein, we propose a simple method to activate Ti 4+ dopants in spray-pyrolyzed hematite thin films via a rapid thermal annealing (RTA) treatment. The donor carrier density of Ti-doped Fe 2 O 3 thin films (doping level, i.e., Ti/Fe: 0.5–10%) is significantly increased by RTA at 700 °C for 30 s, for instance, ca. 1.35 × 10 19 cm −3 at the doping level of 5% (5%-Ti:Fe 2 O 3 -700). This is 19.3 times as high as those treated by traditional annealing in a muffle furnace at 500 °C for 1800 s (5%-Ti:Fe 2 O 3 -500). A photocurrent density of 5%-Ti:Fe 2 O 3 -700 for water oxidation reaches 0.91 mA cm −2 at 1.23 V vs. RHE. This is ca. 6-fold higher than 5%-Ti:Fe 2 O 3 -500. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy , XRD, Raman spectroscopy, and scanning probe microscopy measurements suggest that RTA performs more efficiently than traditional annealing for promoting the substitutional incorporation of Ti 4+ cations into the hematite lattice. This simple RTA treatment for donor-activation should be applicable to other semiconductor-dopant combinations—thin films or nanostructures , for the development of high-performance photoanodes for water oxidation.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscale Advances
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2020
·Vol. 2
·期 4
·1523-1530
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IF 0
Ting Qu,Song Guan,Xiaoxiong Zheng,Aihua Chen
The highly ordered perpendicularly aligned cylindrical and lamellar microdomains within block copolymer (BCP) films have important applications in diverse fields. However, the fast normal orientation of self-assembled nanostructures on arbitrary substrates without tedious pre- and postprocessing has been a challenging issue in manufacturing miniaturized devices. Here, we outline the potential for extending the hierarchical self-assembly within azobenzene-containing PS-b-PMA(Az) films to inherently assist in the formation of normally aligned domains using a rapid thermal annealing process (140 °C for 5 min). Liquid crystalline (LC) mesogens in PS-b-PMA(Az) films self-assemble to form a parallelly aligned sematic phase after thermal annealing, as confirmed by grazing-incidence small-angle X-ray scattering (GISAXS), wide-angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD) and ultraviolet-visible (UV-vis) spectra. This sub-phase contributes to broadening of the PS-cylinder-phase window (0.083 ≤ fPS < 0.49) and ∼12 nm PS cylinder structures. Perpendicular cylinders or lamellae are observed on various substrates, such as silicon wafers, flexible polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheets and conductive aluminum foils. Additionally, the good reactive ion etching (RIE) rate difference between the two blocks makes these BCPs more attractive for advancing the field of BCP lithographic applications for fabricating flexible microelectronic devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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纳米技术
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DOI
OPTICAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 3.8
B.L. Zhu,X.J. Cai,C.C. Wang,J. Wu,J.L. Yao,W.Q. Sun
Sb-doped SnO 2 (ATO) films were prepared with different RF powers ( P RF ) under two O 2 flow rates ( F O 2 ) by magnetron sputtering , and then subjected to rapid thermal annealing (RTA) treatment. The effects of P RF , F O 2 , and RTA on the crystallinity, stress, surface morphology , conductive properties, transmittance in visible-light range ( T Vis ), and energy gap ( E g ) of the films were investigated. As the P RF increases, the film crystallinity improves or first improves and then slightly degrades, and the compressive stress decreases. With increasing P RF , the surface changes from textured to granular morphology and from granular to honeycomb-like morphology under two F O 2 , respectively. Meanwhile, the conductive properties first enhance and then degrade, and the T Vis and E g tend to decrease, especially at higher P RF . Basically, the films prepared with higher F O 2 have lower compressive stress, inferior conductive properties, and larger T Vis and E g compared with the films prepared with lower F O 2 . After RTA, the film crystallinity obviously improves, the compressive stress transforms into tensile stress , and the surface morphology has not undergone significant changes. Meanwhile, the conductive properties significantly enhance and E g obviously increases. The T Vis of the films prepared with lower F O 2 can be increased by RTA. The influence mechanisms of the above factors on the structure and optoelectronic properties of the ATO films were explored, and ultimately, the ATO films have the T Vis of 76.35–80.86%, sheet resistance of 51.7–91.9 Ω/sq., and quality factor of 1.03–1.67 × 10 −3 Ω −1 within the optimized P RF range. Polymer-dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) films were fabricated using optimized performance ATO films as electrodes, and their on-state transmittance, off-state transmittance, threshold electric field, and saturation electric field were 2.08–4.61%, 61.69–68.56%, 0.656–0.796 V/μm, and 1.68–2.108 V/μm, respectively. The current results indicate the potential application of ATO films in PDLC films as electrode.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-12
·
IF 15.7
Wang Pengfei,Lin Hang,Chen Guoxin,Weng Weitong,Xu Yue,Lin Yi,Xu Ju,Cheng Yao,Wang Yuansheng
The development of advanced high-power-density laser-driven light source requires durable and color-tunable inorganic phosphor-in-glass film composites as color converter. One challenge remains for the phosphor-in-glass film is the thermal erosion and degradation of phosphor, as harsh condition or long duration time is required to densify the film for conventional sintering. Here we develop a rapid thermal annealing technique that achieves high film densification (porosity < 3%) within seconds utilizing high-power (>10 kW) infrared irradiation. As demonstrated by high-resolution electron microscopy observation, a trivial interfacial reaction occurs, leading to almost intact phosphor particles and thus restrained luminous loss. For instance, the red-emitting Sr 0.8 Ca 0.2 AlSiN 3 :Eu 2+ exhibits a record internal quantum efficiency of 91.2% in the processed film and achieves a luminous flux of 2379 lm and efficacy of 140 lm W −1 after fabricating a phosphor wheel. This method reduces energy consumption, enables high-throughput screening, and offers material universality and design flexibility, paving the way for new opto-functional materials and applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光学工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2025
·
IF 9.7
Haolong Tan,Tongwei Gao,Wensheng Yang,Yue Gao,Quan Xie,Yunjun Ruan,Qian Chen,Tinghong Gao
The rapid development of microelectronic devices has increased the demand for miniature energy storage systems that are highly safe and exhibit long cycling life and excellent energy density. However, the lack of low-cost and high-performance fabrication methods presents a significant challenge to thin-film electrode fabrication. This study reports a strategy combining controllable pre-curing treatment with rapid thermal annealing (RTA), which enables in situ fabrication of high-quality sodium vanadium phosphate [Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 ] thin films. RTA facilitates the cleavage of weak metal–O bonds in the precursor film, whereas optimisation of the pre-curing duration (0–100 s) effectively eliminates organic residues and strengthens the carbon framework, suppressing particle agglomeration. This synergistic control substantially improves crystallization uniformity and film densification, resulting in a refined grain structure and highly oriented crystal facets. Under optimal conditions, the thin film demonstrates a high specific capacity of 85.6 mAh g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 , retains 72.5 mAh g −1 even at 20 A g −1 , and demonstrates 90.3 % capacity retention after 200 cycles. Moreover, the assembled full sodium-ion cell exhibits an average operating voltage of 1.3 V while maintaining 94.2 % capacity retention after 500 cycles. This study elucidates for the first time the synergistic regulation pathway of the pre-curing–RTA coupling mechanism in Na 3 V 2 (PO 4 ) 3 thin-film fabrication and proposes an advanced preparation strategy for cost-effective, highly integrated, high-power sodium-ion thin-film devices, providing critical theoretical foundations and robust technical support for next-generation all–solid state sodium microbattery design and development.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
·
能源存储
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薄膜制备
·
固态电池
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）