Polymers
·
2023
·Vol. 15
·期 12
·2704
·
IF 5
Chun Wei,Xiaofei Hao,Chaoying Mao,Fachun Zhong,Zhongping Liu
In this study, Sylgard 184 silicone rubber (SylSR) matrix composites with shear thickening fluid (STF) microcapsules (SylSR/STF) were fabricated. Their mechanical behaviors were characterized by dynamic thermo-mechanical analysis (DMA) and quasi-static compression. Their damping properties increased with the addition ofSTF into the SR in DMA tests and the SylSR/STF composites presented decreased stiffness and an obvious positive strain rate effect in the quasi-static compression test. Moreover, the impact resistance behavior of the SylSR/STF composites was tested by the drop hammer impact test. The addition of STF enhanced the impact protective performance of silicone rubber, and the impact resistance increased with the increase of STF content, which should be ascribed to the shear thickening and energy absorption of STF microcapsules in the composites. Meanwhile, in another matrix, hot vulcanized silicone rubber (HTVSR) with a mechanical strength higher than Sylgard 184, the impact resistance capacity of its composite with STF (HTVSR/STF) was also examined by the drop hammer impact test. It is interesting to note that the strength of the SR matrix obviously influenced the enhancement effect of STF on the impact resistance of SR. The stronger the strength of SR, the better the effect of STF on improving the impact protective performance of SR. This study not only provides a new method for packaging STF and improving the impact resistance behavior of SR, but is also beneficial for the design of STF-related protective functional materials and structures.Keywords:shear thickening fluid;silicone rubber;microcapsule;impact resistance behavior
研究领域:
材料科学
·
力学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Zhipeng Zhang,Lu Qian,Jianfeng Cheng,Qingyi Xie,Chunfeng Ma,Guangzhao Zhang
Polyureas are widely used as protective materials because they have good mechanical strength, toughness, and strain-rate-dependent behavior. However, the fast reaction between −NCO and the −NH2 component results in gelation in seconds, limiting their performance regulation and applications. In this study, we report a novel strategy to fabricate one-component polyurea with room-temperature self-healing, puncture resistance, and impact resistance. First, a latent curing agent was synthesized via the Schiff base reaction of an aliphatic diamine with isobutyraldehyde. Then, they were mixed directly with isocyanate. Such a mixture was uncured in storage without moisture, but it was cured once in contact with moisture in the application. So, it was called one-component polyurea. The polyurea exhibits room-temperature self-healing properties with a healing efficiency of up to 98%. It has puncture displacement as high as 15.1 cm by sharp objects. The polyurea also exhibits excellent impact resistance and dissipative energy capacity because it possesses strain-rate-dependent behavior. The polyurea can be integrated into Kevlar fabrics to form a flexible puncture-resistant composite and combined with carbon nanotubes to form flexible and wearable strain sensors. It is expected to find applications in intelligent soft materials, soft body armor, wearable flexible sensors, and other fields.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Mingman Sun,Xinghui Liu,Tao Zhang,Xue Zhang,Jialin Jia,Hao Xing,Wenna Wu,Shuang Tong,Shude Yang
It is a significant challenge to flexible wearable sensors that incur unstable output signals and malfunction because of omnipresent low-frequency vibrations. Because their design in terms of molecular friction is almost the opposite of the elasticity of the material, current sensing soft materials possess adequate elasticity but inadequate damping vibration. In contrast, using highly damaging materials for sensing is challenging due to their substantial hysteresis. Herein, a highly self-damping ionic elastomer with a heterogeneous two-phase structure is introduced by the one-step photopolymerization of fluorinated monomers and hydrophobic lauryl methacrylate (LMA). The distinct self-assembly behavior between fluorinated contents makes the occurrence of phase separation easier and thus decouples the damping and elastic functions into two different phases. This unique design overcomes the long-standing contradictions in the damping and elasticity of conventional gel materials. Thus, the optimal ionic elastomer of HIE-43 mol % achieves high stretchability, conductivity, elastic recovery, strain-stiffening, underwater adhesion, and high loss factors (tan δ > 1). Finally, reliable human motion sensing and underwater communication could be achieved with the ability of shock resistance and noise interference resistance. This study opens the door for the development of self-damping flexible conductive materials with robust sensing and protective applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
柔性电子
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xuan Xie,Meiming Lu,Guanhua Li,Guanghui Gao,Jingyi Kang,Qin Zhang,Xin Liu
Smart electromagnetic shielding materials have attracted great attention in increasingly complex electromagnetic environments. In addition, impact protection is also highly important for precision instruments to avoid mechanical injury. However, it is rare and challenging to enable anti-impact behavior and adjustable electromagnetic shielding into one soft hydrogel. Herein, a graphene-assisted smart electromagnetic shielding hydrogel with post-tunable mechanical behaviors and impact resistance is successfully prepared through the precipitation polymerization of the methacrylamide in binary solvents of water and dimethyl sulfoxide. The precipitation polymerization imparts the hydrogels with a unique spherical molecular network conformation, which enables high and tough mechanical performance, impact resistance, anti-swelling, and structural stability. Moreover, the hydrogels demonstrate excellent electromagnetic shielding performance, mechanical anti-interference, and low-temperature resistance. More importantly, the hydrogels possess solvent-response reversible on–off electromagnetic shielding and a post-tunable mechanical performance (Elastic modulus from 0.14 MPa to 37.13 MPa, tensile strength from 70 kPa to 1400 kPa). It is envisioned that the strategy of the impact-resistant and switchable electromagnetic shielding hydrogel would provide an insightful outlook for constructing promising electromagnetic shielding and impact-resistance materials.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电磁学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2025
·
IF 7.4
Yan Liu,Yanjun Zhu,Jie Chen,Yongqian Shi,Yijie Zhang,Libi Fu,Longcheng Tang,Jiefeng Gao,Pingan Song,Ting Qiu
In extreme environments, the simultaneous presence of mechanical impact and fire hazards poses significant challenges for single flexible polyurethane foam (FPUF) protective materials. To address these limitations, we developed an innovative multilayer coating structure for FPUF using a simple dip-drying method. This structure comprises a polydopamine (PDA) base layer, an intermediate layer containing ammonium polyphosphate (APP), carboxymethyl chitosan (CMC), and halloysite nanotubes (HNT), and a top layer of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS). The multilayer coating significantly enhanced the cushioning and flame-retardant properties of FPUF. At a coating loading of 35 wt.%, the FPUF@PDA/A-C-H/PDMS exhibited a compressive strength 3.52 times higher than pure FPUF, with only a 10.2% decrease after 100 compression cycles. The composite effectively dissipated 95.7% of an impact energy of 1.22 J, achieving a 97.1% impact force dissipation rate and significantly extending cushioning duration. The FPUF@PDA/A-C-H/PDMS demonstrated self-extinguishing properties after 10 s of exposure to a butane flame, maintaining structural integrity. Moreover, its peak heat release rate was reduced by 68.8%. The multilayer coating also improved hydrophobicity and thermal insulation. This multifunctional foam composite shows great potential for enhancing the performances of FPUF in hazardous environments, offering robust protection in extreme conditions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 6
Yu Yuan,Shihu Zhu,Jun Zhu,Peixin Niu,Ailing Sun,Xingjiang Liu,Liuhe Wei,Yuhan Li
The miniaturization and reliability of portable electronics are increasingly dependent on structural adhesive while developing detachable, reusable, and recyclable adhesives remain great challenge. Herein, we developed a novel strategy of incorporating self-complementary quadruple hydrogen bonds into multi-branch polyurethane as terminal motifs to construct supramolecular adhesive. Impressively, the as-synthesized TPU-UPy was endowed with a high adhesion strength of 6.8 MPa for steel and featured excellent multiple reusability with more than 70% of the original adhesion strength remained even after reuse for five times. More importantly, it exhibited increasing trend of adhesive strength as the stretching speed increases, suitable for application of anti-impact. The way of generating UPy motifs by this synthetic route did not involve excessive consumption of reactants, which was potential to be industrialized. Thus, the TPU-UPy is a candidate hot melt adhesive that can be put into practical use of portable electronics encountering occasional impact.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Kunyang Zhou,Kaiqiang Zhang,Luping Wang,Yu Tan,Yuwen Meng,Xu Li,Xu Wang
The pursuit of protective materials that strike a perfect balance between flexibility and superior impact resistance continues to drive significant advancements in material science, despite the inherent limitations of conventional materials. This study introduces a class of supramolecular poly(urethane-urea) elastomers, carefully designed by combining polycaprolactone soft segments with hydrogen bond-rich hard segments. This unique composition not only provides exceptional quasi-static mechanical properties, ensuring durability under everyday use, but also excels in dynamic mechanical properties essential for protection against high-speed impacts. These elastomers exhibit outstanding tensile strength, toughness, and impact resistance, outperforming existing commercial materials. Their remarkable performance is attributed to a supramolecular network structure with strong interactions between the soft and hard segments, which efficiently redistribute and dissipate energy through deformation and dynamic hardening. Furthermore, the reversible hydrogen bonds within the polymer matrix enhance the self-healing capabilities and recyclability of these materials, offering a sustainable solution for high-performance protective gear.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
工程学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Qi Jiang,Han Hu,Qingyang Luan,Hanxu Zhu,Jinggang Wang,Jin Zhu
Poly(ethylene 2,5-furandicarboxylate) (PEF) is a type of biobased polyester with a high gas barrier, which has the potential to replace polyethylene terephthalate (PET). In view of the poor toughness of PEF, an innovative attempt was made to install a small amount of 2,5-thiophenedicarboxylic acid (TDCA) into the PEF backbone and synthesize the poly(ethylene furandicarboxylate-co-thiophenedicarboxylate) (PEFS-n) copolyester. The obtained PEFS-n demonstrates thermal stability and glass transition temperature (Tg) comparable to that of PEF. Additionally, the tensile properties of PEFS-n exhibit appreciable enhancements. The impact strength of PEFS-n exhibited a markedly higher value than that of PEF, particularly in the case of PEFS-5, which displays a 138% increase in impact strength. Concurrently, PEFS-n exhibits enhanced barrier characteristics (oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water) than PET, in addition to outstanding solvent resistance and transparency. After 4 h of hydrolysis in alkaline solutions at 80 °C, subsequently simply washing and filtering, more than 90% of FDCA monomer could be recovered. This work provides a direction for high impact and heat-resistant green packaging, as sustainable alternatives to PET.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Zhentao Zhang,Min Sang,Yucheng Pan,Zimu Li,Shuai Liu,Jianpeng Wu,Xinyi Wang,Shilong Duan,Xinglong Gong
Traditional conductive hydrogels face challenges in environmental stability and mechanical limitations, constraining their applications in wearable devices. Here, we present a novel organic ionic gel by the construction of PVA/EG double polymer network and ionic liquid, named POIG. It showcases outstanding tensile strength (3.01 MPa) and extensibility (820 %). POIG excels in both low and high-speed impacts, dissipating over 90 % of energy in low-speed impacts and outperforming commercial foam five times in high-speed impacts (1.4 kJ/m). The addition of an ionic liquid in POIG creates a stable, uniform, and highly ordered internal conductive structure, leading to ultra-low strain responsiveness (0.2 %), ultra-fast response times (≈10 ms), high linearity (R 2 = 0.999), and excellent sensing performance. High stability is also confirmed through 4000 cycles of both tensile and compression testing. Additionally, we developed a real-time sign language recognition system using deep learning, accurately identifying ten gestures with 98.5 % accuracy. This research offers a durable and innovative organic material for future wearable technology and smart devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
智能穿戴技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 14.2
Yangming Zou,Jingfan Zhang,Xiaorong Guo,Yujie Kang,Xin Tong,Wei Liu,Xinqi Di,Jun Sun,Hongfei Li,Xiaoyu Gu,Sheng Zhang
Polycarbonate (PC) is a crucial engineering thermoplastic, but its impact strength is highly sensitive to notches, with even minor ones leading to significant reductions in mechanical performance. In this work, a crosslinked polysiloxane (VMQ) was synthesized and incorporated into PC to enhance both its toughness and flame retardancy. The introduction of VMQ greatly improved the notched impact strength and flame retardancy of PC. The addition of 5 wt% VMQ significantly enhanced the notched impact strength from 8.8 to 75.4 kJ/m 2 , representing an improvement of 756.8 %. Furthermore, the elongation at break and tensile toughness increased by 61.2 % and 46.5 %, respectively. Notably, even at −10 °C, the enhanced notched impact strength was almost fully retained. Additionally, the PC/5%VMQ composite achieved a UL-94 V-0 rating, with a limiting oxygen index (LOI) of 28.7 %, a 38.2 % reduction in peak heat release rate (PHRR), and a 13.9 % decrease in total smoke production (TSP). The toughening and flame-retardant mechanisms of VMQ were thoroughly investigated. This work provides an innovative approach to simultaneously improve the flame retardancy and toughness of PC.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2024
·
IF 4.4
Xuan Du,Xin Liu,Yaxuan Cao,Qin Zhang,Guanghui Gao
Smart hydrogels have attracted considerable attention as smart window materials. However, the existing gel-based smart windows are often unable to be applied to humid environments due to their extreme swelling in aquatic environments. Herein, a nucleobase-inspired water-resistant adhesive is successfully designed and cleverly applied in smart windows. The adhesive exhibits durable and robust adhesion in various aquatic environments, including water, seawater, physiological saline, NaCl solutions, and a wide range of pH solutions (pH = 1–10). The adhesive can maintain high adhesive strength (∼0.8 MPa) in different harsh water environments for up to six months. Remarkably, the adhesive can be directly brushed onto surfaces of various shapes and substrates for information encryption and smart windows. The smart windows not only display stable and recyclable transparency changes triggered by solvents but also impart ordinary brittle glass with excellent impact resistance for effective stress protection. The water-resistant adhesives exhibit promising applications in underwater sealing, underwater repairing, underwater electronic devices, and underwater soft robots. It is anticipated that the strategy of water-resistant adhesive coatings will offer a broad perspective for the advancement of next-generation smart windows.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
生物医学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry B
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 4
·905-913
·
IF 7.571
Yan Qiu,Liang Wu,Sijun Liu,Wei Yu
High performance hydrogels have essential applications in many fields such as tissue engineering and soft robot. Herein, we develop an impact resistant hydrogel composed of bicontinuous structures of polymer-hard phase and polymer-soft phase. This unique bicontinuous phase structure is formed by modulating various hydrogen bonding interactions. During loading, the polymer-hard phase is broken accompanied by the dissociation of hydrogen bonds to dissipate energy, while the polymer-soft phase distributes the load to avoid stress concentration, thus enabling the bicontinuous hydrogel to achieve excellent strength and toughness simultaneously. Furthermore, the fracture of hierarchical energy dissipation structures efficiently reduces impact strength and increases buffer time. Owing to the synergy of the bicontinuous phase structure and hierarchical energy dissipation, the resulting bicontinuous hydrogel remains intact even if it undergoes impact at a strain rate of ∼13 000 s−1. Based on these findings, it is expected that the bicontinuous hydrogel has a potential application in the field of articular cartilage repair.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
组织工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）