Coatings
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2022
·Vol. 12
·期 5
·636
·
IF 3.236
Le Wei,Yue Ma,Zhimou Guo,Junjie Ding,Gaowa Jin,An Gu,Yong Lei
Multilayer objects with different interfaces are quite typical for architectural heritage, and from them may be inferred the age, production process, and deterioration mechanism through analyzing characteristic compositions with advanced analytical techniques. The Meiwu ceiling in the Hall of Mental Cultivation of the Palace Museum was found to contain many paper-based layers during conservation. Once several surface strata were detached, a colorful layer of printed fabric textile was discovered integrally. Through microscopic observation and micro-attenuated total reflection-Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) imaging, the overall structure consisted of 11 layers, namely, bast paper, cotton wiring, xuan paper, cotton printed fabric, two yellow board papers, bamboo paper, three wood pulp paper and surface coatings, and starch was considered as an organic adhesive. For identification of the printed fabric’s color palette, ultra-performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) combined with high-resolution quadrupole time-of-flight (QTOF) technology, non-invasive macro X-ray fluorescence (MA-XRF) and desorption electrospray ionization mass spectrometry imaging (DESI-MSI) were applied in situ. Seven industrial synthetic dyes, including auramine O, malachite green, and eosin Y with corresponding by-products, as well as chromium-based pigments considered as dark draft line, were confirmed. By X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (SEM-EDS), and micro Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (micro FTIR, other results showed chalk soil and talc for the outermost coating. According to the synthetic time of industrial dyes and degradation degree of paper, there were at least four occurrences and their specific time periods were speculated.Keywords:organic cultural heritage;ceiling;industrial dyes;imaging;by-products;degradation
研究领域:
文物保护
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分析化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2024
·
IF 13.3
Lin Chen,Heng Zhang,Shilei Zhu,Zhuangzhuang Li,Wenwen Yu,Fengbo Zhu,Ya Nan Ye,Qiang Zheng
Ultra-transparent polyacrylic (PA) coatings are widely used in cultural heritage conservation but often face issues like whitening from phase separation due to poor water resistance and weatherability. This leads to frequent need for replacement, complicating the preservation of cultural artifacts. In this study, we propose a core/shell polyacrylic emulsion coating (PA-DFMA) with enhanced water resistance and weatherability by confining fluorinated polymers within the shell section. The core/shell structure of PA-DFMA is designed to prevent phase-separation-induced whitening and improve transparency, thanks to the strategic confinement of fluorinated polymers which also mitigates fluorine aggregation and enhances film formation at low temperatures. On the other hand, the introduction of fluorine refines the phase domains during the aging process, further ensuring the transparency of coating and greatly prolonging its durability. Chemically, the strong C-F bonds in the coating offer excellent UV aging resistance, and the lack of a chemical bonding network structure allows for the easy and safe removal of the coating, facilitating reversible treatment of artifacts. The performance test showed that PA-DFMA coatings outperform traditional cultural heritage protection products such as Golden and Rustins in transparency, weatherability, hardness, and reversibility. This eco-friendly coating is proven to offer substantial potential for the preservation of cultural heritage and maintenance of archaeological objects, providing new insights into the design of materials for this purpose.
研究领域:
材料科学
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文物保护
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化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
International Journal of Architectural Heritage
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Xiaohong Wei,Yumei Chai,Yunfeng Li,Wenwen Wang,Hongjie Luo,Biao Zhang,Yuxing Qin
Cracks are one of the common diseases on the surface and inside of stone cultural relics. The research and application of grouting materials are crucial for crack conservation of cultural relics. This work mainly studies the modification of Natural Hydraulic Lime (NHL2), a commonly used crack grouting material for stone cultural relics. Diethyl Carbonate (DEC) is used to modify Natural Hydraulic Lime to provide a carbon source within the system, and it can produce the raw material (CO2) needed for the reaction to maintain the continuous occurrence of hydration and carbonation reactions. Diethyl Carbonate-modified Natural Hydraulic Lime (DEC-NHL2) can keep the original physical phase and composition unchanged, refine the grain size, and increase the product of the hydration and carbonation reaction. In addition, it can promote the synchronous carbonation of the inner and surface parts, accelerate the coagulation rate of the slurry and improve the compressive strength, thus substantially enhancing the reaction continuity and stability of the NHL2 slurry, and avoiding the repair damage caused by stress concentration. It provides a new idea for grouting and protection of stone cultural heritages.
研究领域:
材料科学
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文物保护
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Coatings
·
2020
·Vol. 10
·期 2
·179
·
IF 2.436
Hui Shu,Ming Yang,Qiang Liu,Maobin Luo
Coating materials can effectively protect stone-built cultural heritage and, as such, research into coating materials has gained comprehensive attention from researchers. The aim of this work is to prepare a TiO2-modified sol coating material (TSCM) and study its protective effects on stone-built cultural heritage. TSCM and pure TiO2sol (p-sol, unmodified; for comparison) were applied evenly over the entire surface of stone samples. The prepared stone samples included untreated stone, stone treated with pure sol, and stone treated with TSCM. The protective effects of TSCM were evaluated by water absorption, water vapor permeability, acid resistance, and weather resistance experiments. The results show that stone treated with TSCM has excellent water absorption and water vapor permeability, strong acid resistance, and good weather resistance, compared with untreated stone or stone treated with p-sol. The acid resistance of stone treated by TSCM was 1.75 times higher than that treated with traditional coating materials. The weather resistance cycle number of stone treated by TSCM was four times higher than that treated with organic protective materials. These findings are expected to provide useful suggestions for the protection of stone-built cultural heritage.Keywords:stone-built cultural heritage protection;TiO2-modified sol;coating material;weather resistance;acid corrosion resistance
研究领域:
材料科学
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文物保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CULTURAL HERITAGE
·
2024
·
IF 3.5
Yulan Hu,Lichao Chen,Liwei Pan,Bingjian Zhang,Qiang Li
The study created an electrospun fiber membrane with polyacrylonitrile, nano silver, and oregano oil using the electrospinning technique. After examining the preparation parameters, an appropriate formula for the composite film spinning solution and electrospinning parameters were found: 11 wt percent polyacrylonitrile, 6 wt percent natural oregano essential oil, 15 kV of spinning voltage, 0.6 mL/h of advancing rate, and 20 cm of spinning distance. The composite nanofiber membrane demonstrated improved shape and structure, a more balanced antibacterial effect, and persistence against microbes when subjected to the prescribed formula and circumstances. In the end, the strong antimicrobial qualities of the nano-fiber material were validated by the Feilaifeng field testing. This study showed that when combined with natural plant essential oil, the composite nanofiber membrane has potential for use as a green microbial control material for Grottoes historic heritage. By preventing an intense direct contact between antimirobial agents and the cultural relics of the grottoes, the composite barrier reduced the potential harm that could be caused by the solution soaking into the rocks. Moreover, the composite nanofiber membrane provides the advantages of large-scale antibacterial activity from natural essential oil and long-lasting antimicrobial capabilities from nanosilver. It also has no effect on the cultural relics of the Grotto, is simple to remove, and leaves little trace.
研究领域:
材料科学
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微生物学
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文化遗产保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2023
·
IF 5.2
Lang Guo,Liqin Wang,Xing Zhao,Meiman Peng
s Superhydrophobic coatings have shown great potential in heritage protection due to their excellent wetting resistance, yet whitening problems have limited their widespread use. Here, we present a non-whitening superhydrophobic coating of nano-SiO 2 and perfluorodecyltrimethoxysilane for cultural heritage protection, prepared with the assistance of an ultrasound probe. Due to the high efficiency of the probe sonication , the nanoparticles almost retain their original size, and a porous micro–nano hierarchical structure on the surface is formed, as a result, a non-whitening superhydrophobic coating was obtained. The coating exhibits a high water contact angle of 154.7° and a low roll-off angle of 1.7°, dynamic wetting properties such as anti-jet impact, anti-adhesion, anti-evaporation pressure of droplets, rolling, bouncing, anti-fouling and self-cleaning, and long-term resistance to heat, 254 nm UV radiation , acid, alkali, and sand impact. This coating is suitable for bronze, iron, pottery, sandstone, ivory, lacquer, and other artifacts, and has the potential to address various water-related diseases.
研究领域:
材料科学
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文物保护
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
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2025
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IF 3.8
Shi Xuerong,Wang Wanru,Xie Xinyu,Gong Changtian,Zhang Wenyuan,Zhu Xinyue,Liu Xiaoyan,Zhang Haixia
Pigments in painted cultural relics serve as critical historical evidence, offering significant research value for understanding historical contexts and cultural development processes. However, the pigments, especially organic pigments (or dyes), have progressively degraded over time, resulting in severe fading that challenges their sensitive identification. To address this issue, we developed an innovative sampling methodology combined with surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) analysis for identifying indigo pigment in painted cultural relics. The methodology employs calcium alginate gel beads doped with either gold nanobipyramid (Au NBPs/CAGBs) or hybrid Au–Ag nanoprisms (Ag NPrs/Au NBPs/CAGBs), enabling minimally invasive sampling of indigo through controlled interactions with the mural surface. Subsequent SERS analysis of the retrieved substrates demonstrated enhanced molecular identification capabilities compared to conventional in situ non-destructive methods. Furthermore, microscopic examination and color difference quantification (Δ E < 1.5) revealed no observable surface alterations on tested mural samples before and after sampling, which confirmed the method’s minimal invasiveness. Finally, the approach was successfully applied to imitation heritage objects, including Tang Tri-color (“Lady Spring Festival”) replica ceramics and bottle-type simulated ceramic artifacts before and after aging, achieving effective sampling and pigment identification. This study establishes a novel paradigm for sensitive pigment analysis in cultural heritage conservation, with promising implications for future relic restoration and protection strategies. Graphical
研究领域:
分析化学
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文化遗产保护
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材料科学
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光谱学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Processes
·
2023
·Vol. 11
·期 6
·1710
·
IF 3.5
Zesheng Wang,Min Luo,Yang Shao,Lingling Ma,Minghong Wu
Murals are a significant cultural heritage of humanity, and one of the conservation studies is to control the growth of microorganisms. General biocide agents can be used to preserve murals while also providing new organic carbon sources and increasing environmental pollution. In recent years, radiation technology has shown promising prospects for use in heritage protection. Five microorganisms often found in murals were irradiated with an electron beam in this study, and six mineral pigments were tested for color change, Raman spectra and pigment layer cohesion after irradiation. The result showed that irradiation at 20 kGy can basically eliminatePseudomonas citronellolis,Bacillus sporothermodurans,Streptomyces vinaceus, andStreptomyces griseolusfrom the culture medium, but only inhibited the growth ofPenicillium flavigenum. Lead white pigment showed a color difference of 5.56 (∆E*97) after irradiation, but lead tetroxide, azurite, malachite, ferrous oxide, and cinnabar showed no visible changes. The Raman spectra of the irradiated and unirradiated samples were basically the same. E-beam radiation did not affect the surface cohesion of the pigment layer. This preliminary work shows the potential of electron-beam technology in mural protection and provides basic research and relevant experience for the subsequent in situ mural protection work.Keywords:electron beam;decontamination;cultural heritage preservation;mural blocks;CIE L*a*b* color space;Raman spectra;scotch tape test
研究领域:
生物学
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文物保护
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
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2023
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IF 7.4
Jinghan Ding,Jiakang Yu,Jinmeng Zhu,Lianbing Zhang,Qi Wang,Fan Yang,Qing Tian,Chunyang Zhang,Xichen Zhao,Wenqiang Dong,Xuanhua Li
Cultural relics such as wall paintings and stone relics face a decrease in mechanical strength and contamination from microbial growth. Nanolime (NL), as an exceptional inorganic nanomaterial used in the consolidation of cultural heritages, has been investigated for more than two decades. However, it has limited antibacterial properties. Here, we opted for dimethyloctadecyl[3-(trimethoxysilyl)propyl]ammonium chloride (DC5700) to modify the surface of NL particles, praparing an organic–inorganic hybrid nanomaterial (NL-DC5700) that provides long-lasting antifungal effects for stone samples without sacrificing its consolidation effect. Characterizations demonstrate that DC5700 grafts onto the surface of NL particles through the formation of covalent bonds via dehydration condensation between the siloxane of DC5700 and the hydroxyl of NL, forming an organic shell layer that uniformly wraps the NL particles. NL-DC5700 can endow stone samples with near superhydrophobicity (NL, 25.4° and NL-DC5700, 142.0°) and durable antifungal effects over 90 days, superior to those of pure NL. NL-DC5700 shows no unacceptable impact on the appearance, porosity, or microstructure of the stone specimens. Our work explores the antifungal effect of NL-based materials and provides fresh insights into the development of versatile conservation materials for stone relics.
研究领域:
材料科学
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文化遗产保护
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纳米技术
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表面化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Queensland Review
·
2016
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·79-94
·
IF 0
Alison Ransome
Yet in time to come the individual will fade into oblivion, andthe work will stand or fall by its abstract power or its lack of it.— Ian McKay In 1983, more or less mid-career as it turned out to be in the light of his earlydeath, Ian McKay summarised his intentions as a potter:I try to make simple pots that people will enjoy using. The traditionsI draw on for inspiration are mainly Japanese and what could looselybe called ‘the Cardew’ tradition. In practice for me this amounts toforms that are a clear statement of the pot's function, and very simpleglaze recipes using the maximum of hand collected local materials – sothat the pots may speak for themselves and give pleasure unspoiledby too much intrusion of the potter's own personality.
研究领域:
艺术学
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陶瓷艺术
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工艺美术
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文化遗产
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设计学
✓ 已验证
DOI
LANGMUIR
·
2021
·
IF 3.882
Dahai Zhang,Qianhao Pan,Minghao Jia,Xiaogang Zhang,Yapei Wang
As the most frequently used archival materials for painting and recording, paper lays the groundwork for the development of prosperous human civilization. However, its susceptibility to three primary factors including external ultraviolet light, increased acidity, and biological pathogens in long-term storage shortens the longevity of paper. Therefore, the protection of paper-based cultural relics is extremely urgent. Inspired by the three adverse factors affecting the protection of cultural relics, we herein propose to combine the ultraviolet absorber 2-hydroxy-4-(octyloxy)benzophenone (UV-531) and alkaline zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles innovatively into the antibacterial agent polyhexamethylene biguanidine hydrochloride (PHMB) to realize the strategy of three birds with one stone for relics protection. This study illustrates that the tensile strength and the folding endurance of different test papers are guaranteed by coating them with the composite reagents, and molds including Mucor, Trichoderma, and Aspergillus niger are effectually sterilized. In addition, a hand-painted Chinese ink-wash painting with beautiful flowers is chosen as the object for simulating cultural relics protection, and negligible color fading is observed in aging experiments. From the perspective of effectiveness, simplicity, and economy, this strategy sheds light on preservative protection of paper-based relics in long-term storage.
研究领域:
材料科学
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文物保护科学
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化学
·
文化遗产
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）