ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Sha Zhou,Jing Cao,Ziye Xiang,Yi Liu,Xiaoyu Ma,Min Hu
This study examined the efficacy of tetramethyl ammonium fluoride (TMAF), ethylammonium fluoride (TEAF), and n-butyl ammonium fluoride (TBAF) additives with different chain lengths in soluble lead redox flow batteries. This research explains how the molecular structure of quaternary ammonium fluoride salts affects the performance of soluble lead redox flow (SLRFB) batteries. The fluoride adsorption layer affects electron transfer at the electrode interface was explained. Notably, the addition of TEAF significantly improves the electrodeposition of PbO 2 . Short-chain TMAF increases electrical conductivity but causes lead aggregation. TEAF increases battery Coulombic efficiency to 99.2 % and cycle life by over threefold. This research adopts a chain length-modulated design strategy to compare the influence of chain length on the performance of SLRFB.
研究领域:
电化学
·
能源材料
·
电池技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Wei Li,Bangfu Huang,Xinchao Fan,Keying Zhu,Fu Yuan,Yihang Shi,Zhe Shi,Linjing Yang,Kui Zheng
In order to investigate the nucleation thermodynamics and nucleation kinetics of (NH4)2SO4 during cooling crystallization under the synergistic effect of different ratios of NH4F and NH4Cl, the solubility and width of the metastable zone width of (NH4)2SO4 in the mixed solution were determined by gravimetric and laser methods by incorporation of (NH4)2SO4 in a mixture of different ratios of NH4F and NH4Cl in this study. It is demonstrated that the dissolution of (NH4)2SO4 is a heat-absorbing process, that the inhibition of (NH4)2SO4 nucleation by NH4F is much greater, and that the intermediate stabilization zone of (NH4)2SO4 is enlarged with an increase in the cooling rate. Based on the self-consistent Nývlt-like equation and the classical three-dimensional nucleation theory, the nucleation kinetics of (NH4)2SO4 under the synergistic interaction of NH4F and NH4Cl was investigated, and the critical nucleation parameters of (NH4)2SO4 under the synergistic interaction of NH4F and NH4Cl were obtained.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
物理化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
·
2020
·
IF 3.784
Junling Qin,Zhiguang Cao,Hui Li,Zixue Su
TiO 2 nanotubes prepared by anodization of titanium metal substrates are widely used as functional materials in various fields. Small pore size TiO 2 nanotube arrays are demanded because of their excellent performance in applications. However, the minimum pore size of TiO 2 nanotube arrays has been limited to ~15 nm (nm) despite of long time extensive studies. In the present work, we have fabricated TiO 2 nanotube arrays with diameter down to an unprecedented low value of ~6 nm in ammonium fluoride-containing ethylene glycol electrolyte by a simple one-step anodic oxidation method under optimized condition. The influences of concentration of ammonium fluoride, viscosity of solution, amount of adding water and applied voltage on the anodic growth of small pore TiO 2 nanotubes are studied systematically. Pore initiation and widening determined by the competition between chemical dissolution and field driven growth of anodic oxides under relative low formation field strength are investigated, where local concentration of fluoride anions and acidity near pore bottom are believed to play significant roles in the formation of nanoporous or nanotubular TiO 2 with ultra-small pore diameter and cell size. By sealing the reaction cell to prevent the solution from absorbing ambient water, typical TiO 2 nanotube arrays with a pore diameter of ~10.8 nm can grow up to ~1.1 μm in length, i.e. an aspect ratio up to 100, which is remarkable for TiO 2 nanotubes with such small pore size.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2019
·
IF 6.395
Fujian Li,Yanliang Wang,Xiang Su,Xiaoqi Sun
Recycling schemes from rare-earth-containing scraps have been developed rapidly due to the increasing supply risk for rare-earth elements (REEs). This article aimed to reduce the ecological impact and reagent costs for separating and recycling REEs from scraps, i.e., spent ceria-based polishing powders and lutetium-based crystal waste. A simultaneous process was proposed using an industrial extractant Cyanex ® 572, which allowed efficient recycling of REEs from the wastes with less acid and alkali consumption than traditional hydrometallurgy process. Based on thermodynamic and kinetic analyses, common acid scrubbing was avoided by employing REEs scrubbing. Additionally, the alkali saponification, acid stripping and oxalic acid precipitation were substituted by one step of precipitation-stripping-saponification with ammonium fluoride which contained abundant F − in the solution with weak acidity. F − was easy to complex with REEs on the extractant as precipitate while NH 4 + bonded with anion of the extractant. Using this technique, the vast consumption of chemicals and million tons of wastewater in REEs industry may be avoided. Totally, the chemical consumption could be reduced over 80% and the wastewater was decreased more than 90%. REEs recovery yield also increased considerably using the novel process. Moreover, the ammonium fluoride was designed in containment system and was reused with no emission to the environment. This article provides a sustainable and efficient alternative process to REEs waste treatment industry.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2021
·
IF 5.316
Jiahao Wang,Shiqiang Fu,Xiaohui Liu,Haobo Yuan,Zuxiong Xu,Chenyang Wang,Jing Zhang,Like Huang,Ziyang Hu,Yuejin Zhu
All-inorganic CsPbI 2 Br material has attracted considerable attention due to its good balance between phase stability and absorption capacity. However, the power conversion efficiency (PCE) and device stability of CsPbI 2 Br-based perovskite solar cells (PSCs) still lag far behind those of their counterparts, mainly deriving from the notoriously poor moisture stability under humid environment and large serious charge recombination. Herein, a typical phenethylammonium chlorine (PEACl) and its fluorinated derivative 4-fluoro-phenethylammonium chlorine (F-PEACl) are individually incorporated to modify the surface of CsPbI 2 Br film to ameliorate the above issues. Benefiting from the comprehensive passivation effect of ammonium halogen, the trap states of treated CsPbI 2 Br are vastly suppressed. In particular, fluorination significantly increased the dipole moment and hydrophobic property of F-PEACl. Thus, the present CsPbI 2 Br PSC achieves a champion PCE of 16.29% with high open-circuit voltage of 1.272 V, while the reference device and PEACl-treated device yield PCEs of 14.30% and 15.64%, respectively. More importantly, the PSC with F-PEACl capping layer retains 87.2% of its initial PCE after 1000 h storage under 20% RH ambient without encapsulation. Our results reveal the underlying mechanism of performance improvement by surface passivation strategy and provide an effective approach to further boost the CsPbI 2 Br PSC efficiency and stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源科学
·
光伏技术
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
DIAMOND AND RELATED MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Yitong Guo,Chenxiao Wang,Xianju Shi,Yanhuan Chen,Lifang Wang,Yanan Liu,Yuqian Wang,Xiaoning Wang,Yukai Chang,Aiguo Zhou
In this paper, a green and efficient low-concentration ammonium fluoride etching strategy is developed for the synthesis of two-dimensional highly pure Mo 2 CT x MXene. Using the Mo 2 Ga 2 C MAX phase as the precursor, highly pure Mo 2 CT x MXene was prepared via hydrothermal etching with a 1 M NH 4 F aqueous solution at 160 °C for 12 h. By employing a slow-release fluorine source mechanism, the NH 4 F concentration was maintained at 1 M, significantly reducing toxicity risks and improving operational safety while providing a safe pathway for large-scale MXene production. The structural characterization of the material revealed that the as-prepared Mo 2 CT x MXene exhibits a typical two-dimensional layered structure, with microscopic morphology and crystal parameters consistent with those obtained by conventional etching methods. As an anode material for lithium-ion batteries, the Mo 2 CT x MXene delivered an initial discharge specific capacity of 873.5 mAh g −1 at a current density of 0.05 A g −1 , and retained 33.7 mAh g −1 after 100th cycles of high-rate cycling at 0.5 A g −1 . This represents the first application of a low-concentration NH 4 F etching system for preparing Mo 2 CT x MXene. The findings of this study not only enhance the safety of MXene synthesis but also provide new research directions for the development of green synthesis processes for Mo 2 CT x MXene.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米科技
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电化学
·
能源存储
·
无机非金属材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Qingshui Zheng,Pengxu Chen,Anling Tong,Ruowei He,Zeyuan Zhao,Jiexi Pan,Jihuai Wu,Xue Zhang,Weihai Sun,Yunlong Li
Despite significant progress in perovskite solar cells (PSCs), non-radiative recombination losses caused by deep energy level defects in perovskite films and energy barrier between the perovskite layer and the hole transport layer remain the primary obstacles limiting further enhancement of their power conversion efficiency and long-term stability. In this study, by employing density functional theory calculations, we investigated the impact of the number of fluorine groups on the electron cloud distribution and dipole moment within passivated molecules, specifically methylammonium with varying perfluoroalkyl chain lengths (CH 2 NH 3 (CF 2 ) n CF 3 , n = 2,5 and 7). The results demonstrate that 1,1-H-perfluorodecyl iodide ammonium (PFDAI) exhibits the optimal dipole moment and serves as a passivating agent for the perovskite film, possessing exceptional defect passivation capability and significant hydrophobicity. The synergistic effect of perfluorocarbons and ammonium groups on FA + and uncoordinated Pb 2+ serves to adjust the Fermi level of the perovskite film and the energy barrier for hole transition, thereby promoting charge carrier migration. As a result of these enhancements, the efficiency of the solar cells ultimately increases significantly to 25.15 %. Under conditions of 20 % relative humidity and a temperature of 25 °C, the retention rate of the PCE remains as high as 90 % after 1000 h of aging tests.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源技术
·
计算化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MINERALS ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 5
Yaqi Zhao,Xiuhua Chen,Zhengjie Chen,Wenhui Ma,Shilong Ye,Zirui Li,Xiaowei Chen,Yonghang Zhang
The efficient purification of microcrystalline graphite is the key to its high-value applications. Therefore, this study proposes a synergistic purification method involving ammonium fluoride roasting and ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid (EDTA) complex leaching. Using natural microcrystalline graphite (MG) as the raw material, the ammonium fluoride roasting process was optimized by response surface methodology (RSM), and the fixed carbon content of the roasted purified microcrystalline graphite (RMG) was obtained at 97.76 %. After subsequent EDTA complex leaching, the fixed carbon content in the final ERMG product reached 99.86 %. The MgF 2 component in the impurities was used as a representative model system for kinetic analysis, which indicated that the leaching process occurred in two stages. The first stage was controlled by the pore volume diffusion model, while the second stage was jointly controlled by interfacial transfer and product layer diffusion. Structural characterization confirmed that this process introduced nitrogen/fluorine co-dopants, which increased the interlayer spacing of graphite and formed macropores and mesopores. This method reduced the reliance on highly corrosive reagents, providing a promising alternative for the high-value utilization of microcrystalline graphite.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机化学
·
化学工程
·
矿物加工
·
碳材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Inorganics
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 8
·272
·
IF 3
Juan Du,Xiang Wan,Caixiong Song,Kangsheng Wu,Wenbing Yang,Beiye Liu,Qi Yang,Jingjing Fang,Ayesha Razzaq
Crystal twinning, a common growth phenomenon, can substantially affect material performance in fields such as semiconductors, nonlinear optics, and drug development, yet its elimination during crystallization is challenging. This study presents a method for the controlled synthesis of ZSM-5 zeolite as either single crystals or twinned crystals using kaolin as the primary raw material. The method leverages the etching effect of ammonium fluoride (NH4F) on the aluminosilicate structure derived from pre-treated kaolin. By adjusting the concentrations of NH4F and the structure-directing agent tetrapropylammonium bromide (TPABr), pure ZSM-5 single crystals and twinned crystals were selectively synthesized. Conventionally, NH4F is employed to introduce defects into zeolite structures. In contrast, this work demonstrates its utility in controlling crystal habit. The synthesis utilizes kaolin, an abundant and low-cost aluminosilicate mineral, to provide the entire aluminum source and a portion of the silicon source, offering an economical alternative to expensive precursors like aluminum isopropoxide. The resulting single and twinned crystals exhibited high crystallinity, demonstrating the viability of using natural minerals to produce high-quality zeolites. The physical and chemical properties of the kaolin-derived ZSM-5 were characterized and compared to those of ZSM-5 synthesized from conventional chemical reagents. A growth mechanism for the formation of single and twinned crystals is also proposed.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
晶体学
·
无机化学
·
纳米技术
·
化学合成
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS AND CHEMISTRY OF SOLIDS
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Chunyu Wu,Zhiqiang Wei,Meijie Ding,Meipan Zhou,Yanxia He,Ke Huang,Qingpan Liu,Jinglong Bai
Transition metal phosphides are regarded as ideal electrode materials for high energy density supercapacitors due to their high theoretical specific capacitance and multi-electron redox properties, but they still face challenges such as low utilization of active sites, high resistance to ion diffusion, and structural collapse during cycling. In this study, we propose a three-dimensional nickel-cobalt phosphide nanosheet array design strategy based on ammonium fluoride (NH 4 F) modulation, and vertically aligned three-dimensional porous nickel-cobalt-phosphide nanosheet arrays (F5–NiCoP/NF) were constructed in-situ on nickel foam substrates by a template-free hydrothermal-phosphorization two-step method. Its superior electrochemical performance stems from bimetallic synergy and the high conductivity of the phosphide. Vertical nanosheet arrays build a three-dimensional conductive network to reduce ion diffusion resistance, and abundant pores significantly accelerate charge transport and expose abundant electroactive sites. Notably, this approach simultaneously simplifies the preparation process and reduces the cost. Benefitted from these merits, the F5–NiCoP/NF electrode achieves a high specific capacitance of 3244 F g −1 at a current density of 1 A g −1 , a capacity retention of 75.69 % at a high multiplicity of 10 A g −1 , and retains 81.44 % of its initial capacity after 10,000 cycles. The assembled asymmetric supercapacitor F5–NiCoP/NF//AC exhibits an energy density of 48.37 Wh kg −1 and a power density of 800.04 W kg −1 .
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
纳米技术
·
储能
·
表面工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ANALYST
·
2021
·Vol. 146
·期 21
·6450-6454
·
IF 4.616
Ruhong Yan,Zhenzhen Guo,Xifeng Chen,Longhai Tang,Mingyuan Wang,Peng Miao
Ferric(III) ions (Fe3+) are one of the most abundant metal ions in environmental and biological systems. The determination of Fe3+ has attracted great attention for healthcare concerns. In this work, we have developed a novel fluorescence method for the sensing and intracellular imaging of Fe3+ based on the prepared red-emissive carbon nanodots. The nanoprobes are synthesized via a microwave method using ammonium fluoride and o-phenylenediamine as carbon precursors, which exhibit excellent optical properties and low toxicity. More importantly, the carbon nanodots show high selectivity towards Fe3+ against other interfering ions. The sensitivity is also high with the limit of detection as low as 0.05 μM. Meanwhile, the carbon nanodots have been successfully used for fluorescence imaging of cells and could be quenched by intracellular Fe3+. These results suggest that the red-emissive carbon nanodots have diverse potential utilities in biomedical fields.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
材料科学
·
生物医学工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Xiaolin Zhu,Zhangcheng Pan,Tianyue Xu,Xiuwen Shao,Zhaoju Gao,Qingyu Xie,Yupeng Ying,Wei Pei,Hao Lin,Jia Wang,Xiaosheng Tang,Weiwei Chen,Yongfeng Liu
All-inorganic perovskite quantum dots (PeQDs) have sparked extensive research focus on white-light-emitting diodes (WLEDs), but stability and photoluminescence efficiency issues are still remain obstacles impeding their practical application. Here, we reported a facile one-step method to synthesize CsPbBr3 PeQDs at room temperature using branched didodecyldimethylammonium fluoride (DDAF) and short-chain-length octanoic acid as capping ligands. The obtained CsPbBr3 PeQDs have a near-unity photoluminescence quantum yield of 97% due to the effective passivation of DDAF. More importantly, they exhibit much improved stability against air, heat, and polar solvents, maintaining >70% of initial PL intensity. Making use of these excellent optoelectronic properties, WLEDs based on CsPbBr3 PeQDs, CsPbBr1.2I1.8 PeQDs, and blue LEDs were fabricated, which show a color gamut of 122.7% of the National Television System Committee standard, a luminous efficacy of 17.1 lm/W, with a color temperature of 5890 K, and CIE coordinates of (0.32, 0.35). These results indicate that the CsPbBr3 PeQDs have great practical potential in wide-color-gamut displays.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
纳米技术
·
光电技术
·
光子学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）