Metals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·643
·
IF 2.9
Wenjing Chen,Manning Li,Jiancheng Tang
In order to maximize the reuse of used electronic component resources, while reducing environmental pollution, Cu metal was recycled from wasted CPU sockets by the reformative slurry electrolysis method. However, the influences on the regulation of the Cu recovery rate and purity from waste CPU slots, by slurry electrolysis, has not been systematically elucidated in previous studies. In this work, the effects of H2SO4concentration, slurry density, NH4Cl concentration, current density, and reaction time, on the recovery rate and purity of Cu in slurry electrolysis, were researched by systematic experimental methods. The results showed that the recycled metal elements were mainly present as powders from the cathode, rather than in the electrolyte. Moreover, the metallic elements in the cathode powder consisted of mostly Cu and small amounts of Sn and Ni. The recovery rate and purity of Cu were up to 96.19% and 93.72%, respectively, with the optimum conditions being: an H2SO4concentration of 2 mol/L, slurry density of 30 g/L, NH4Cl concentration of 90 g/L, current density of 80 mA/cm2, and reaction time of 7 h. Compared with previous studies, the Cu recovered in this experiment was present in the cathode powder, which was more convenient for the subsequent processing. Meanwhile, the recovery rate of Cu was effectively improved. This is an important guideline for the subsequent application of slurry electrolysis for Cu recovery.Keywords:wasted CPU socket;slurry electrolysis;recovery rate of Cu;purity of Cu;current density;slurry density
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 18
·期 19
·4457
·
IF 3.2
Xiangli Wen,Mingkun Bi,Lvzhou Li,Jianning Ding
During the homogenization process of lithium battery slurry, the slurry shearing process causes the surface of the homogenization equipment to wear and generate metal containing debris, which poses a risk of inducing battery self-discharge and even explosion. Therefore, inhibiting wear of homogenizing equipment is imperative, and systematic investigation into the wear behavior and underlying mechanisms of SUS304 stainless steel during homogenization is urgently required. In this study, lithium iron phosphate (LFP) and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide (NCM) cathode slurries were used as research objects. Changes in surface parameters, microstructure, and elemental composition of the wear region on SUS304 stainless steel under different working conditions were characterized. The results indicate that in the SUS304-lithium-ion battery slurry system, the potential wear mechanism of SUS304 gradually evolves with changes in load and rotational speed, following the order: adhesive wear (low speed, low load) → abrasive wear (medium speed, high load) → fatigue wear (high speed). Under high-load and high-rotational-speed conditions, oxidative corrosion wear on the ball–disc contact surface is particularly pronounced. Additionally, wear of SUS304 is more severe in the LFP slurry system compared to the NCM system. Macroscopic experiments also revealed that the speed effect is a core factor influencing the wear of SUS304, and the increase in its wear rate is more than twice that caused by the load effect. This study helps to clarify the wear behavior and wear mechanism evolution of homogenization equipment during the lithium battery homogenization process, providing data support and optimization direction for subsequent material screening and surface strengthening treatment of homogenization equipment components.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
表面工程
·
锂离子电池制造
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摩擦学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Micromachines
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 9
·1663
·
IF 3.4
Yunsheng Fu,Xianglei Yu,Li Liu,Xianjie Tang,Junpeng Li,Guoyou Gan
Low-temperature lead-free silver pastes deserve thorough investigation for sustainable development and application of MgTiO3ceramics in electronic devices. In this study, a series of Bi2O3-B2O3-ZnO-SiO2-Al2O3-CaO glasses with suitable softening temperatures were prepared via melt quenching using a type of micrometer silver powder formed by silver nanoparticle aggregates. The composite pastes containing silver powder, Bi2O3glass powder and an organic vehicle were then screen-printed. The effects of glass powder concentration and sintering temperature on the microstructure of the surface interface were also investigated. The results showed that the silver paste for microwave dielectric ceramic filters (MgTiO3) possessed good electrical conductivity (2.28 mΩ/□) and high adhesion (43.46 N/mm2) after medium temperature (670 °C) sintering. Thus, this glass powder has great application potential in non-toxic lead-free silver pastes for metallization of MgTiO3substrates.Keywords:silver paste;MgTiO3;bonding strength;low-temperature sintering
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2023
·
IF 11
Fei Liu,Hanwei He,Lijin Cheng,Hao Li,Mohsen Abdel-Naeim Hassan Mohamed,Ning Hu,Shaojun Liu
Temperature-field-assisted vat photopolymerization has been applied to prepare Mg 2 TiO 4 ceramics with few defects and remarkably reduced dielectric loss . These excellent properties could be attributed to the significantly reduced viscosity and increased curing depth of the prepared ceramic slurry with a high solid loading when the photopolymerization temperature reaches 65 °С. Increasing the temperature helped to increase the kinetic energy of the resin molecules and reduce the viscosity of the ceramic slurry. This ensured a smooth spreading of the slurry and suppressed the formation of intra-layer defects during the printing process. Additionally, increasing the curing temperature enhanced the activation energy of the free radicals and accelerated the transfer of molecular chains , thereby increasing the polymerization rate and curing depth of the slurry. This reduced the interlayer pores of the Mg 2 TiO 4 green bodies. Thus, Mg 2 TiO 4 ceramic slurry with a high solid loading could be successfully printed by applying a temperature field. Significantly fewer defects were found in Mg 2 TiO 4 ceramics printed with 57.5 vol% solid loading than those in the samples printed with 50 vol% solid loading. The quality factor of Mg 2 TiO 4 ceramics sintered at 1550 °С for 4 h using ceramic slurries with 57.5 vol% solid loading could reach 150,000 GHz when printed at a curing temperature of 65 °С, this value is equivalent to that of dry-pressed ceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Ning Sun,Tengpeng Wang,Yuhang Du,Xiaojun Ma,Wenkai Xin,Haochen Dang,Xuqiu Xie,Tao Wei,Qinggang Li
Si 3 N 4 ceramics pose a challenge when it comes to the preparation of light-curing pastes with high depth of cure, elevated solid content, and low viscosity. This challenge is primarily attributed to their inherent characteristics, including high absorbance, a high refractive index, and suboptimal sphericity. Consequently, the application of Si 3 N 4 ceramics in 3D printing remains a complex endeavor. To address the intricacies associated with 3D printing using Si 3 N 4 ceramics, our research focuses on the utilization of Tetramethylammonium Hydroxide (TMAH) for pH adjustment in Si 3 N 4 ceramics. This adjustment aims to enhance the stability, curing depth, and viscosity of the slurry. Subsequently, we employ this Si 3 N 4 light-curing slurry for 3D printing, followed by sintering the printed materials. The evaluation includes testing for porosity, density, and flexural strength of the samples. Notably, our efforts yield porous silicon nitride ceramics boasting an impressive density of 1.8299 g/cm 3 , porosity measuring 43.718%, and remarkable flexural strength amounting to 275 MPa.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2021
·
IF 10.998
Jiwei Cao,Muhammad Idrees,Guoqiang Tian,Jian Liu,Shufeng Xiong,Jingkun Yuan,Pei Wang,Zhiyuan Liu,Changyong Liu,Zhangwei Chen
Lightweight and strong silicon carbide (SiC) ceramics with complex lattice structures were fabricated by vat photopolymerization 3D printing technology followed by a one-step pyrolysis process . The UV-light penetration depth of the SiC ceramic slurries was increased more than three times based on the formation of SiC@SiO 2 core@shell structured particles through pre-oxidation processing. To reduce the sintering temperature and shrinkage of SiC ceramics, 40 vol% solid loading SiC@SiO 2 ceramic slurries mixed with photocurable resins containing 0–70 wt% of polysiloxane were prepared. SiC@SiO 2 /SiOC ceramic with less than 8% linear shrinkage rate was obtained after pyrolysis at 1000–1200 ℃. The pyrolyzed SiC@SiO 2 /SiOC lattice ceramics exhibited a specific strength of 4.6 × 10 4 N m/kg with a cellular density of 0.87 g/cm 3 , surpassing various other lattice structures and porous ceramics with similar porosity. The complex structure forming ability, mechanical performance and its short developing cycle make this technology to be a promising method for structural integrated SiC ceramic manufacturing.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
先进制造
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Manufacturing Processes
·
2021
·
IF 5.01
He Li,Yongsheng Liu,Yansong Liu,Qingfeng Zeng,Jingjing Liang
Stereolithography based-3D printing technology requires ceramic slurries with high solid content and low viscosity to prevent the formation of cracks, holes, warping, and other defects in sintered ceramic parts. In this study, several approaches based on optimization of alumina powder and coupling agent were explored to improve the solid content of ceramic slurries. It was shown that slurries containing γ-Al 2 O 3 reached solid content of only 22.5 wt% and viscosity of 15,199 mPa·s. By comparison, slurries composed of α-Al 2 O 3 reached higher solid content of 75 wt% and viscosity of 12,780 mPa·s. Three types of coupling agents, namely (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane, (Aminoethylamino) propyldimethoxymethylsilane and 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (abbreviated as E, F and G, respectively) were used to reduce the viscosity of the slurries. The addition of 10 wt% G led to slurry solid content reaching 82 wt% and viscosity of 860 m·Pas. The significant decrease in viscosity was mainly attributed to the presence of bifunctional hydrolyzable groups in G, which could well attach to alumina. On the other hand, the presence of organo-functional groups might also well attach to the photosensitive resin. The ceramics prepared with γ-Al 2 O 3 exhibited numerous pores in both intraparticle and intergranular while those obtained with α-Al 2 O 3 showed pores in only intergranular. The porous structure in γ-Al 2 O 3 occupied large space, leading to low solid content. Ceramics prepared with 75 wt% solid content possessed flexural strength of 29.3 MPa, bulk density of 2.3 g/cm 3 and open porosity of 39.8 %. By comparison, ceramics prepared with 82 % solid content showed flexural strength of 45.0 MPa. In sum, these findings look promising for future preparation of high-solid content 3D printed ceramic slurries for complex ceramics, such as ceramic cores.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
3D打印技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Xiaoqian Xi,Le Zhang,Mingyuan Liu,Chunming Zhou,Lv Zhu,Yifei Cao,Cen Shao,Zhongying Wang,Cong Wei,Zihan Ren,Xiaodong Wu,Bin Fei,Haidong Ren,Hao Chen
Aqueous tape casting exhibits unique advantages in the production of large transparent ceramic (TC) flakes. However, the high surface energy of aqueous slurries results in poor wettability with carrier tapes, thereby making it difficult to obtain high-quality green bodies. In addition, organic additives always introduce unexpected defects into TCs. In this study, the wettabilities of an aqueous solution on various carrier tapes were compared, and the rheological behaviours of a slurry were systematically investigated. The cellophane (PT) carrier with high surface energy dramatically improved the wettability of the aqueous slurry. The organic content of the optimized slurry was as low as 12.0 wt%. The dried green body was defect-free, and its tensile strength reached 8.7 MPa. The deformation degree of the TC flakes was only approximately 0.3%. The YAG flakes with dimensions of 100 mm × 100 mm × 1 mm exhibited a high transmittance of 82.8% (@400 nm). The ideas, methods, and results of this study will accelerate the application of aqueous tape casting in the field of high-tech ceramics.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CELLULOSE
·
2025
·
IF 4.8
Gunawan Ivana,Zhang Yue,Wang Huijie,Kou Mengtian,Wang Chao,Zhang Yumei
Pulp pre-treatment acts as a preliminary treatment in the lyocell process, allowing aqueous NMMO solvent molecules to penetrate the wood fiber structure. The present paper first determines cellulose’s pre-swelling, swelling, and dissolution phenomena in NMMO aqueous solutions of different concentrations and temperatures. It was found that instead of “ pre-swelling ” and “ dissolution ”, the “ swelling ” action during pre-treatment develops the most suitable interaction between wood pulp fiber and solvent. Higher concentrations of NMMO aqueous solutions (70–80%) do not contain enough water and that limits the uniform wetting of the pulp, while a lower NMMO concentration (50%) is not able to fully establish the hydrogen bonding interaction between cellulose and NMMO. The pre-treatment of cellulose pulp using 60% NMMO aqueous solution at 65 °C can ensure that NMMO itself does not degrade and provides sufficient solvent diffusivity for pulp based on the swelling effect. This significantly reduces heterogeneous microstructure aggregation and effectively promotes subsequent dissolution processes. The dissolved cellulose has more uniformity at the molecular level, showing lower dope relaxation time and gel temperature, which offers better alternatives for stable, high-viscosity lyocell spinning, and constructs stronger fiber compared to that of un-treated pulp.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·
IF 5.6
Muhammad Saqib,Weilong Ren,Qumail Arshad,Ali Asghar,Mohsin Raza,Muhammad Hamza,Zhangwei Chen
Silicon nitride ceramics demonstrate significant promise for additive manufacturing, particularly in the fabrication of complex geometries. However, challenges such as a high refractive index and natural hydrophilicity hinder the stability and printability of Si 3 N 4 slurries for vat photopolymerization-based stereolithography. This study addresses these limitations by optimizing slurry parameters, including viscosity, sedimentation stability, and curing depth, to enhance printing performance. A systematic investigation was conducted using the Taguchi method to analyze the effect of solid content, dispersant concentration, and resin ratio on slurry behaviors. Rheological analysis revealed shear-thinning behavior in all tested slurries, a characteristic that facilitates smooth and uniform layer deposition during printing. Sedimentation and stability tests over 50 days identified a slurry formulation with 50 vol% solid content, 3 wt% dispersants, and a 1:2 resin ratio as optimal for minimizing sedimentation and ensuring homogeneity. Curing depth analysis indicated that increased solid content reduces light penetration due to scattering, necessitating a carefully balanced formulation. The addition of E51 resin enhanced light penetration and slurry uniformity, optimizing the curing process. The optimized slurry formulations enabled the precise 3D printing of complex green bodies, achieving excellent layer adhesion and dimensional accuracy. This study establishes a detailed framework for enhancing the printability of Si 3 N 4 slurries, addressing key challenges associated with viscosity, stability, and curing behavior, and advancing the application of non-oxide ceramic in additive manufacturing.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
增材制造
·
陶瓷工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Research Express
·
2023
·Vol. 10
·期 4
·045201
·
IF 2.3
Yun Chuan Liu,Li Ying Zhang,Xiang Lei Yu,Wei Chao Li,Jun Peng Li,Guo You Gan
A high-temperature conductive silver slurry containing lead-free ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass for metallization of ceramic MgTiO3 substrate has been prepared. The ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass was obtained by high-temperature melting and cold extraction with a transition temperature (Tg) of 579 °C and thermal stability (∆T) of 105 °C as an inorganic bonding phase of high-temperature conductive silver paste. Then, silver paste with different glass powder content was sintered on ceramic MgTiO3 substrate between 730 °C and 930 °C in increments of 50 °C. Characterization of the prepared materials revealed that their resistivity increases with the increase in glass powder content and decreases with the increase in sintering temperature. Sintering temperature and glass content have significant effects on the resistivity and adhesion of the thick silver film. When the silver paste with a glass content of 1.1 wt% was sintered at 830 °C for 10 min, the resulting thick silver film had a low resistivity of 1.81 μΩ·cm (1.65 μΩ·cm for silver) and a good adhesive strength of 39.4 N mm−2. During the sintering process, the glass material melts and wets the silver powder, which promotes the sintering of the silver powder to form a dense network structure and improves the electrical conductivity of the silver film. In addition, the formation of ZnTiO3 by chemical reactions between the glass and the substrate was observed, which dramatically improved the bonding strength of the silver film. Therefore, lead-free silver paste containing ZnO-B2O3-SiO2 glass powder and MgTiO3 ceramics has broad development prospects in ceramic filters.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2019
·Vol. 30
·期 24
·21343-21354
·
IF 2.195
Zhan Haijiao,Guo Jiayu,Yang Xiazhen,Guo Bing,Liu Wei,Shen Hangyan,Wang Xiaorong,Tang Weigang,Chen Fei
There is a growing demand for silver pastes and inks used in the field of printed electronics. The synthesis of organic surfactant stabilized silver micro-flakes by the solution-phase chemical reduction method at room temperature has attracted wide attention due to its simple equipment, convenient operation and affordable price. However, the electrical conductivity of silver micro-flakes-filled conductive pastes and inks are significantly influenced by residual surfactants. Therefore, the surface modification of silver micro-flakes to remove surface adsorbents becomes a key issue. In this study, the silver frameworks based on the self-sintering silver micro-flakes at room temperature are developed for silver pastes with excellent conductivity. The silver paste with 48 wt% of the sodium nitrate and succinic acid treated silver powders has a resistivity of 1.08 × 10 −6 Ω m and excellent adhesion strength after being cured at 140 °C in an oven.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电子工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）