MOLECULES
·
2019
·Vol. 24
·期 9
·1834
·
IF 3.06
Feifei Wu,Xin Jia,Lijun Yin,Yongqiang Cheng,Yuxin Miao,Xiuqing Zhang
Lentinus edodes, whose polysaccharides possess diverse bioactivities, commonly grows on hardwood sawdust composed of hemicellulose, lignin and cellulose. In this study the effect of hemicellulose and lignin on the growth of mycelia, as well as the physicochemical properties of polysaccharides fromL. edodesmycelia (LEPs) were investigated. The antioxidant properties of LEPs were evaluated through radical scavenging assays in vitro and through theCaenorhabditis elegansmodel in vivo. The results showed that hemicellulose at a concentration of 4% increased the yield of the mycelia biomass to twice that of the control group. Meanwhile, when cultured with 4.0% hemicellulose, the polysaccharide content of the mycelia was raised by 112.2%. In addition, the appropriate concentration of lignin could stimulate mycelia growth and polysaccharide biosynthesis inL. edodes. Monosaccharide composition analysis showed that a higher content of xylose was found when mycelia were cultured with higher concentrations of hemicellulose. The molecular structure, including the molecular weight distribution and configuration type, was affected by hemicellulose and lignin. Antioxidant assays indicated that LEPs supplemented with hemicellulose and/or lignin possessed higher radical scavenging abilities in vitro and exhibited a thermal resistance effect onC. elegans, implying that the antioxidant effect is potent in vivo. In summary, the addition of hemicellulose and lignin improved the biosynthesis and bioactivity of LEPs.Keywords:Lentinus edodes;polysaccharide;hemicellulose;lignin;antioxidant activity;Caenorhabditis elegans
研究领域:
真菌学
·
生物化学
·
功能食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2023
·Vol. 28
·期 7
·2954
·
IF 4.6
Jiahui Zhao,Rongjun He,Hao Zhong,Shizhu Liu,Muhammad Hussain,Peilong Sun
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common type of liver malignancy and remains a global health threat. The objective of the current study was to determine whether the combination of a cold-water extracted polysaccharide-protein complex fromGrifolia frondosa(GFG) and cyclophosphamide (CTX) could inhibit tumor growth by suppressing the expression of angiogenesis-related proteins in H22 tumor-bearing mice. The results showed that the inhibition rate of GFG combined with CTX on H22 tumors was 65.29%, which was significantly higher than that of GFG treatment alone (24.82%). GFG combined with CTX significantly increased the expression levels of vascular endothelial growth factor, basic fibroblast growth factor, matrix metalloproteinase 2, and matrix metalloproteinase 9. Additionally, thymus index, spleen index, natural killer (NK) cell activity, interferon-γ (IFN-γ), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin-2 (IL-2) levels increased significantly after GFG treatment, especially after high-doses of GFG combined with CTX treatment (p< 0.05). The thymus index, spleen index, NK cell activity, IFN-γ, IL-1β, TNF-α, and IL-2 levels were 1.90, 1.46, 1.30, 2.13, 1.64, 2.03, and 1.24 times of those treated with CTX alone. Thus, we proposed that GFG can alleviate the side effects of CTX by relieving the immunosuppressive effect, liver/renal injury, and oxidative stress. In conclusion, the combination of GFG and CTX for cancer treatment may be a promising strategy, and GFG is expected to be a potential adjuvant alternative for the treatment of HCC.Keywords:polysaccharide-protein complex;Grifola frondosa;cyclophosphamide;hepatocellular carcinoma;tumor angiogenesis
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
药理学
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免疫学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Yao Huo,Wen-jie Ding,Yan-ru Liu,Zhen-tong Li,Ke-yao Dai,Chao Liu,Hai-yu Ji,An-jun Liu
An important micronutrient involved in immune response and antitumor is selenium. LMW-GFP, a polysaccharide extracted from Grifola frondosa seed bodies, has a relatively weak antitumor effect on BGC-823 and MFC cells in vitro , whereas selenium binding to LMW-GFP can significantly increase the in vitro antitumor activity of LMW-GFP. In this study, Se-LMW-GFP was prepared by the HNO 3 -Na 2 SeO 3 method, and the structures of LMW-GFP and Se-LMW-GFP were characterized by UV–visible spectroscopy of absorption, FTIR spectroscopy, and electron scanning microscopy, and these structural analyses showed that selenium was successfully complexed to LMW-GFP. The selenium content of Se-LMW-GFP was measured to be 2.08 % ± 0.08 % by ICP-MS. The anti-tumor activity of LMW-GFP before and after selenium modification was compared by cellular experiments, and the findings indicated that the anti-tumor activity of Se-LMW-GFP was considerably improved over that of LMW-GFP, and inhibited the proliferation of BGC-823 cells and MFC cells through a combination of the Fas/FasL-mediated exogenous death receptor pathway as well as the endogenous mitochondrial pathway. Our results suggest that Se-LMW-GFP not only has great potential for natural health food and anti-gastric cancer drug development but is also a good selenium supplement.
研究领域:
药理学
·
肿瘤学
·
生物化学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2023
·
IF 5.6
Sun Runbin,Jin Dandan,Fei Fei,Xu Zhi,Cao Bei,Li Juan
Introduction: Polysaccharides from Grifola frondosa (Dicks.) Gray (HSH) and Inonotus obliquus (Fr.) Pilat (BHR) showed noticeable effects on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis, but their systemic modulation effects have not been fully revealed. This study aimed to investigate the regulation of the gut microbiota and systemic metabolism by HSH and BHR in DSS-induced colitis.Methods: C57BL/6J mice were given DSS (2.5%) in water and were treated with HSH and BHR (200 mg/kg/day) by gavage. Body weight and colon length were recorded, and H&E and AB-PAS staining of the colon were conducted to evaluate the model and the protective effect of the polysaccharides. Additionally, an LC-QTOF/MS-based untargeted metabolomic platform was used to identify the metabolites in the serum, colon tissue, gut contents, and faeces and investigate differential metabolites and metabolic pathways. 16S rDNA gene sequencing was used to measure the composition of bacterial communities.Results: The results showed that the mouse colitis model was established successfully, as evidenced by an increased disease activity index score [2.83 ± 0.62 vs. 0.06 ± 0.14 (p < 0.001)] and shortened colon length [5.43 ± 0.64 cm vs. 7.04 ± 0.29 cm (p < 0.001)], and HSH and BHR ameliorated DSS-induced colitis by improving the disease activity index (2.17 ± 0.28 and 1.83 ± 0.29, respectively) and restoring the colon length (6.12 ± 0.30 cm and 6.62 ± 0.35 cm, respectively). HSH and BHR significantly modulated metabolites involved in aromatic amino acid metabolism, the citrate cycle, purine metabolism, pyrimidine metabolism, etc. HSH and BHR increased the Chao1 index by 64.25% and 60.25%, respectively, and they increased the Shannon index by 13.02% and 10.23%, respectively. They both reversed the increase in the abundances of g_Odoribacter, g_Clostridium, g_AF12, g_Parabacteroides and g_Turicibacter and reversed the decrease in the abundance of g_unclassified_Bacteria induced by DSS. Specifically, HSH reversed the reductions in g_unclassified_Lactobacillales and g_Ruminococcus, and BHR reversed the decreases in g_unidentified_Coriobacteriaceae and g_unclassified_Firmicutes.Discussion: These results suggested that HSH and BHR may ameliorate DSS-induced colitis by global modulation of systemic metabolism and the gut microbiota. Targeting the gut microbiota may be a potentially effective strategy to modulate systemic metabolism and treat colitis.
研究领域:
药理学
·
微生物学
·
代谢组学
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胃肠病学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Jixian Zhang,Dongming Liu,Xia Liang,Guoyan Liu,Chaoting Wen,Li Liang,Xiaofang Liu,Youdong Li,Xin Xu
Selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) are of interest for their versatility and low toxicity, but bare SeNPs are unstable and tend to aggregate and precipitate as black elemental Se, which limits the application of SeNPs. This study evaluated the physicochemical properties, physical stability, antioxidant activities and cytotoxicity of SeNPs stabilized by Grifola frondosa polysaccharides (GFPs) and GFPs-gallic acid conjugates (GFPs-GA). The results showed that the particle size (PZ), polymer index (PDI) and zeta potential (ZP) of the GFPs-SeNPs and GFPs-GA-SeNPs were 58.72 ± 0.53 nm, 0.11, −8.36 ± 0.21 mV and 61.80 ± 0.16 nm, 0.12, −9.37 ± 0.13 mV, respectively. Besides, the GFPs-SeNPs and GFPs-GA-SeNPs remained stable when stored at 4 °C for 70 days in darkness. SeNPs stabilized with GFPs have improved the antioxidant activity and selective toxicity to tumour cells. Interestingly, SeNPs stabilized with GFPs-GA further enhanced these biological activities. This work provided a simple and effective method to construct well-dispersed SeNPs in aqueous systems, demonstrating the important roles of GFPs and GFPs-GA in the size control, dispersion and stabilization of SeNPs. The prepared GFPs-SeNPs and GFPs-GA-SeNPs can serve as good selenium supplements and have potential prospects for antioxidant activity and tumour inhibition.
研究领域:
纳米技术
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材料科学
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药学
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生物技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2024
·Vol. 29
·期 14
·3393
·
IF 4.2
Shaoxiong Zhou,Zheng Xiao,Junzheng Sun,Longxiang Li,Yingying Wei,Mengjie Yang,Yanrong Yang,Junchen Chen,Pufu Lai
Hypsizygus marmoreushas abundant proteins and is a potential source for the development of bioactive peptides. However, currently, the research on the bioactive components ofH. marmoreusmainly focuses on polysaccharides, and there is no relevant research on the preparation of bioactive peptides. In this article, an ultrasound-assisted extraction method was used to extract proteins fromH. marmoreus, and then, four peptides with different molecular weight ranges were prepared through protease hydrolysis and molecular classification. The antioxidant and antibacterial activities were also studied. Under the optimal conditions, the extraction rate ofH. marmoreusproteins was 53.6%. Trypsin exhibited the highest hydrolysis rate ofH. marmoreusproteins. The optimal parameters for enzymatic hydrolysis were a substrate concentration of 3.7%, enzyme addition of 5700 U/g, pH value of 7, extraction temperature of 55 °C, and time of 3.3 h. Under these conditions, the peptide yield was 59.7%. The four types ofH. marmoreuspeptides were prepared by molecular weight grading. Among them, peptides with low molecular weight (<1 kDa) had stronger antioxidant and antibacterial activities. This study provides a theoretical basis for the efficient preparation ofH. marmoreuspeptides and the development of antioxidant and antibacterial peptide products.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
生物化学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Ningyue Liu,Siwei Zou,Conghua Xie,Yan Meng,Xiaojuan Xu
Colorectal cancer is the third most common cancer in the world, and therapies with safety are in great need. In this study, the β-glucan isolated from Lentinus edodes was successfully fractionated into three fractions with different weight-average molecular weight ( M w ) by ultrasonic degradation and used for the treatment of colorectal cancer. In our findings, the β-glucan was successfully degraded with the M w decreased from 2.56 × 10 6 Da to 1.41 × 10 6 Da, exhibiting the triple helix structure without conformation disruption. The in vitro results indicate that β-glucan fractions inhibited colon cancer cell proliferation , induced colon cancer cell apoptosis, and reduced inflammation. The in vivo results based on Azoxymethane (AOM)/dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) mouse model demonstrate that the lower-molecular weight β-glucan fraction showed stronger anti-inflammatory and anti-colon cancer activities by reconstructing intestinal mucosal barrier, increasing short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content, regulating metabolism of gut microbiota , and rebuilding the gut microbiota structure with the increased Bacteroides and the decreased Proteobacteria at the phylum level, as well as with the decreased Helicobacter and the increased Muribaculum at the genus level. These findings provide scientific basis for using the β-glucan to regulate gut microbiota as an alternative strategy in the clinical treatment of colon cancer.
研究领域:
肿瘤学
·
胃肠病学
·
微生物学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
·
2024
·
IF 4.8
Baoming Tian,Xue Zhou,Yan Geng,Jiangning Hu,Bangwei Ye,Peilong Sun,Kai Yang
Grifola frondosa is a highly valued, edible and biologically active fungus in which the polysaccharide component plays a major role. To investigate the fundamental structure, in vitro digestion and fermentation characteristics of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides (GFP), GFP from the waste residue of Grifola frondosa after water extraction was re-extracted by alkaline solution. The carbohydrate and β-glucan contents of GFP were 91.61% and 60.57%, respectively, and were mainly composed of glucose. GFP can form triple supercoils and combine with Congo red, and the surface of GFP was smooth and dense, and the particles were in the shape of long column, sheet and ellipse. Analysis of carbohydrate, reducing sugars, and further chromatogram data also showed that GFP was not degraded by the simulated digestion process of the mouth, stomach and small intestine. Fecal fermentation of GFP significantly increased the abundance of Bacteroidota, and decreased Proteobacterias in both normal weight and obese subjects in vitro . The short-chain fatty acid (SCFA)-producing bacteria, Faecalibacterium , Erysipelotrichaceae_UCG_003 , Lactococcus were increased, and Dorea and Escherichia-Shigella were reduced after GFP treatment. Thus, the molecular of GFP was utilized and degraded by the gut microbiota and metabolized into SCFAs. This decreased pH, H 2 S, and NH 3, as well as increased CO 2 in the fermentation broth. In conclusion, GFP can modulate the composition of the gut microbiota and is a potentially functional product.
研究领域:
食品科学
·
营养学
·
微生物学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Food Bioscience
·
2019
·
IF 3.22
Biao Yuan,Cong Zhao,Chen Cheng,De-chun Huang,Shu-jie Cheng,Chong-jiang Cao,Gui-tang Chen
Grifola frondosa protein was hydrolysed using Alcalase, and the resulting hydrolysates (CGFP) were filtered using 5 and 1 kDa nominal cut-off ultrafiltration membranes and separated using Sephadex gel chromatography . Two main fractions, named GFP-1 and GFP-2 were obtained. CGFP-Fe and GFP-Fe were synthesized using ferrous chelation. Results showed that the GFP-2 fraction with molecular weight of 963 Da had the highest Fe(II) chelating activity (2680 ± 40 μg/g). UV spectrum showed that the Fe(II) shifted the maximum absorption to shorter wavelengths. The peptides measured using FTIR showed that the GFP-Fe peptide and the un-chelated peptide had different C–O and C= O absorption peaks. The effects of CGFP, CGFP-Fe, GFP2-2 and GFP-Fe on splenocytes proliferation and cytokines secretion were studied in vitro . Both the GFP-2 and GFP-Fe had good immune-enhancing activity. Furthermore, GFP-Fe showed an ability to promote the proliferation of splenocytes and peritoneal macrophages. The iron-chelating peptide of Grifola frondosa still maintained its immune enhancing activity after in vitro gastrointestinal digestion. The results suggested that GFP-Fe might be beneficial as a new iron supplement and as an immunological enhancement .
研究领域:
生物化学
·
免疫学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2016
·
IF 4.219
Meng Meng,Dai Cheng,Lirong Han,Yuanyuan Chen,Chunling Wang
A new polysaccharide had been successfully isolated from maitake mushroom ( Grifola Frondosa )-GFP. HPLC and Monosaccharide analysis showed that the average molecular weight of GFP was 155 kDa and it was mainly composed of rhamnose, xylose, mannose, glucose, molar ratio of 1.00: 1.04: 1.11: 6.21. FTIR, methylation analysis and NMR were used to analyze the structural characterization of GFP. Structural analysis results revealed that its backbone consisted of (1 → 4)-linked methylation, Glcp residues were major structural polysaccharide GFP units, accounting of the polysaccharide backbone speculate GFP every → 3)-Glcp-(1 → and one → 3,4)-Glcp-(1 → connected interval with a small amount of 1→, 1 → 4, 1 → 6 glycosidic linkage. MTT assay showed that GFP could significantly improve the proliferation activity of RAW264.7 cells in a certain range of concentrations and time. Scanningelectro microscopy (SEM) results indicated that GFP could induce RAW264.7 cells activation. GFP could obviously increase the proliferation index and enhance the immunostimulatory activity such as the cytokine and chemokine production.
研究领域:
真菌学
·
生物化学
·
免疫学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CARBOHYDRATE RESEARCH
·
2023
·
IF 3.1
Jimin Ni,Junping Zheng,Guoyan Mo,Guangming Chen,Jingjing Li,Lu Cao,Baifei Hu,Hongtao Liu
In this study, a pure Grifola frondosa polysaccharide (GFP-1) was extracted and purified from Grifola frondosa . By HPLC , GC-MS, FT-IR, and NMR analysis, GFP-1 was determined to be a starch-like polysaccharide with an average molecular weight of 3370 kDa. It included three monosaccharides , i.e., glucose, galactose , and mannose . The backbone of GFP-1 consisted of →4)-α-Glc p -(1→ and →4,6)-α-Glc p -(1 → . The side branches were composed of →6)-α-Gal p -(1→, α-Glc p -(1→, and a small amount of α-Man p -(1 → . By using a cyclophosphamide (CTX)-induced immunosuppressed mice model, we evaluated the immunomodulatory activity of GFP-1. The results showed that GFP-1 increased the thymic and spleen indices, promoted the level of IgG and IgA in serum, and activated the mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway in CTX-induced mice. Also, GFP-1 significantly promoted the mRNA expression of intestinal barrier factors and protected intestinal structural integrity in immunosuppressed mice. In conclusion, the data presented here suggested that GFP-1 might be a potential immune-enhancing supplement.
研究领域:
免疫学
·
药理学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）