ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
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IF 10.8
Fengyin Zhou,Hongya Wang,Shiyu Wang,Jingjing Zhao,Xin Qu,Danfeng Wang,Yuqi Cai,Zhiyu Zheng,Dihua Wang,Huayi Yin
Waste biomass is one of the promising feedstocks to supply syngas that can be used as fuels, chemicals, reductants, etc. However, the relationship between the component of biomass and the constituent of pyrolysis gas remains unclear. Here, we study the pyrolysis behaviors of various biomasses and reveal the relationship between the biomass components and gas compositions. Further, different pyrolysis gases are applied for the reduction of spent lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2) below 500 °C. The pyrolysis gas with a higher concentration of CO has a higher reductivity to convert LiCoO2 to CoO and Li2CO3 with a conversion rate close to 100% in 1 h at 500 °C. The biomass rich in cellulose and with a lower content of lignin tends to produce pyrolysis gas with a high concentration of CO, which comes from the deliberate breakdown of carboxyl, carbonyl, ether, and ester linkages. Moreover, LiCoO2 exerts catalytic functions over the deoxygenation and enhancement of oxygenates and single-ring aromatics. Overall, this paper offers a tailored approach to regulating biomass pyrolysis gases, enabling highly efficient battery recycling and syngas production.
研究领域:
能源科学
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环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2020
·
IF 3.573
Shanshan Shao,Xianliang Xiang,Xiaohua Li,Huiyan Zhang,Rui Xiao,Yixi Cai
Acetic acid, n-butyraldehyde, furfural, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate as model compounds of biomass pyrolysis vapors were selected as reactants for ketonization over CeO2. Catalytic conversion of single components was conducted to understand their ketonization characteristics and also to obtain the overlapped temperature range. The results showed that the yield of acetone from directional ketonization of acetic acid reached a maximum of 97.4% at 360 °C over CeO2 with numerous oxygen vacancies, while n-butyraldehyde, n-butanol, and ethyl acetate performed the best at 420 °C with limited yield of ketones of 47.2, 35.1, and 85.4%, respectively. At the overlapped 420 °C, owing to the dehydration of acetic acid molecules, the ketonization of n-butyraldehyde was promoted with the largest overall yield of ketones of 96.5%. A mixture of furfural/acetic acid (1:4) brought about a lower yield of ketones of 78.8%, indicating a negative synergism due to active sites occupation by furfural adsorption.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
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2022
·Vol. 14
·期 18
·3888
·
IF 4.967
Yingying Zhong,Qibei Bao,Lifeng Yuan,Jiawen Liu,Yan Cai,Xianfeng Chen
Microplastics are harmful to both marine life and humans. Herein, a pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py-GC/MS) technique for the detection of microplastics in aquatic shellfish is demonstrated. The organic matter in aquatic shellfish was removed by alkali digestion. Subsequently, using hexafluoroisopropanol as the extraction solvent, the extraction method was optimized. The influence of the digestion process on the nature of microplastics was investigated by analyzing the samples before and after the alkali treatment via infrared spectrometry, laser particle sizing, and scanning electron microscopy. Spiked recovery experiments and an analysis of actual samples were performed using PA6 and PA66 as analytes. A quantitative analysis of the characteristic ion fragment produced by high-temperature cracking was performed after chromatographic separation and mass spectrometry identification. The linear range of this method for PA6 and PA66 was 2–64 μg. The limits of detection of PA6 and PA66 were 0.2 and 0.6 μg, while the limits of quantitation were 0.6 and 2.0 μg, respectively. Recovery ranged from 74.4 to 101.62%, with a precision of 4.53–7.56%. The results suggest that the Py-GC/MS technique is suitable for the analysis and detection of trace microplastics in aquatic shellfish.Keywords:microplastics;alkali digestion;pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry;aquatic shellfish;nylon
研究领域:
环境科学
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分析化学
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海洋生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2021
·Vol. 28
·期 36
·50500-50509
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IF 4.223
He Qian,Huang Shengxiong,Luo Wei,Su Yifeng,Xia Mao,Zhou Nan,Zhou Zhi
In-situ catalytic pyrolysis has simple process configuration and low cost. Ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis can optimize the pyrolysis capacity and upgrade catalysis, and the catalytic can be reused. But there have been few studies researched on compare in-situ and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis of the OS performed in similar reactor with two kinds of catalytic. This paper study the pyrolysis of oily sludge (OS) uses CaO and oily pyrolysis char as catalytic at 700 °C. Through analysis the pyrolysis oil (PO), pyrolysis solid (PS) and pyrolysis gas (PG) during pyrolysis procedure to research the difference between in-situ and ex-situ catalytic pyrolysis. The gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) results show that CaO was conducive to the synthesis of aromatics, which content more than aliphatics and heterocyclics in CaO-i (i: in-situ) and CaO-e (e: ex-situ) groups. However, char greatly inhibits the production of aromatic compounds and promotes the production of aliphatic compounds. Gas chromatography (GC) results present that the char and CaO can greatly increase the content of combustible gas and the content reach to 85.85%, the pyrolysis gas (PG) keep at the highest combustion performance in char-CaO-i group. Meanwhile, compared with uncatalyzed groups, the content of CH 4 and CO increased about 2.05% and 3.93%, respectively. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) show that char and CaO reduce the function groups number of pyrolysis solid (PS), and it shows that the pyrolysis reaction is more complete. This research is expecting to provide theory support for catalytic pyrolysis of OS.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2020
·
IF 4.939
Yunwu Zheng,Jida Wang,Can Liu,Yi Lu,Xu Lin,Wenbin Li,Zhifeng Zheng
The main objective of the present work is to investigate the influence of nickel to cerium ratio on hydrogen exchanged Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (HZSM-5) towards the catalytic upgrading of pine derived oxygenated pyrolysis vapours into aromatic hydrocarbon and phenol in pyrolysis oil via ex-situ fixed bed reactor . The presence of CeO 2 could change electron density of Ni, promote the reduction of Ni species, accelerate the transfer of carbon species, and suppress the production of carbon deposits (17.53%–25.11%) compared with the parent HZSM-5 catalyst (28.95%); it also improved the hydrodeoxygenation ability of all xNiyCe/HZSM-5(nickel and cerium bimetal modified HZSM-5) catalysts, resulting increases in noncondensable gas content (from 31.46% to 52.99%–65.53%). Ni to Ce ratio of 1:1 and 1:2 produced highest aromatic hydrocarbon (32.14%) and phenols (55.51%) relative peak areas. The acid center of HZSM-5 and the metal acid center of the Ni:Ce = 1:1 catalyst obviously fine-tuned the formation of coke; and promoted hydrocarbon production. Moreover, high Ni content promoted alkylation of benzene at C6–C9 and increased C10 + PAHs relative peak area; high Ce content promoted the formation of olefin and Increasing the cleavage of C–O bonds and promoted hydrogenation or dehydrogenation , reduced polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and coke yield, and increased phenols and alkylphenols selectivity.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2016
·
IF 4.917
Yan Shi,Jingdan Li,Jing Wang,Tiantian Zhao,Hongmin Yang,Jianchun Jiang,Xiaoxiang Jiang
The liquefaction process of cellulose in polyhydric alcohols (PEG 400 and glycerol) was studied by TG-FTIR. Three stages were observed during the solvolysis process and the main liquefaction stage could be further divided into two zones. The differences of liquefaction behavior of cellulose in the two solvents were compared, and the functional groups of volatiles produced by solvolysis were also evaluated. A step-wise procedure based on iso-conversional and Master-plots methods was used for the kinetic and mechanism analysis of the main liquefaction stage. The calculation results based on the kinetic model were in agreement with the experimental data of the conversion rate. The kinetic parameters and mechanism functions between cellulose liquefaction in PEG400 and in glycerol were quite different, which verified that solvolysis behavior and reaction process were seriously influenced by solvent species. Finally, the detailed types of volatiles and product distribution were measured by Py–GC–MS.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
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2024
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IF 5.6
Weijuan Lan,Yunlong Zhou,Jiaxin Liu,Yingxian Wang,Xin Jin,Dongxue Yin,Jiangtao Ji,Gaixiu Yang,Huan Zhang
Biomass carbon materials have attracted attention in various fields due to their excellent properties. In this study, CH 4 derived from biomass pyrolysis was utilized as a carbon source gas to synthesize carbon materials by chemical vapor deposition (CVD) in a two-stage reactor with purification system, with Fe 3+ -loaded nickel foam as the substrate under an argon atmosphere, using a self-designed experimental platform. The reaction process was optimized by examining the effects of the catalyst type, reaction temperature, reaction time, and gas flow rate on the structure and morphology of the carbon materials. The optimal preparation condition was to use FeCl 3 ethanol solution as catalyst, with CH 4 flow rate of 50 ml/min at 1000 °C for 25 min. The high quality carbon materials with uniform diameters (250–500 nm) were obtained on nickel foam substrate. The carbon materials obtained under optimal conditions were characterized and analyzed to investigate their excellent properties. Surface morphology and structure of as-formed carbon materials were characterized by SEM. The analysis of the XRD spectra and the Raman spectroscopy showed that the graphite diffraction peak (002) at 26.6°, the calculated intensity ratios for I D / I G and I 2D / I G were 0.257 and 0.545, respectively, indicated high degree of graphitization and purity of the carbon materials. Furthermore, the growth mechanism of carbon materials on the nickel foam substrate was discussed.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 11.889
Yu Xiang,Huiying Zhang,Shuhan Yu,Jinzhi Ni,Ran Wei,Weifeng Chen
Presently, as the prevalent pyrolysis atmospheres, N 2 is widely used, while air-limitation and CO 2 are rarely considered, to produce biochar to adsorb tetracycline. This study thus used N 2 , CO 2 , and air-limitation to produce various biochars at 300 ∼ 750 °C, and explored their structure-performance relationship for tetracycline sorption. The maximum sorption capacities of biochars produced in CO 2 and air-limitation were 55.36 mg/g and 71.11 mg/g (at 750 °C), respectively, being 2.34 and 3.01 times that of biochars produced in N 2 (23.60 mg/g at 750 °C). Interestingly, except for high pore volume and specific surface area supported pore filling and sites providing effect, ash (containing metal cations, P-O, and S=O) induced complexing effect was the primary mechanism for tetracycline sorption, rather than hydrophobic effect, π-π interaction, and hydrogen bond caused by C composition. This study provides important information about adjusting the pyrolysis atmosphere to improve the sorption performance of biochar toward tetracycline.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2023
·
IF 7.4
Shanshan Shao,Yu Cao,Zian Ye,Xiaohua Li,Huiyan Zhang,Rui Xiao
This work proposes an effective method for the utilization of agricultural residues and red mud (RM) to produce the carbonyl platform compounds for the synthesis of high-value biofuels. The carbonyl platform compounds were synthesized by catalytic upgrading of pyrolysis vapor from holocellulose over RM composite catalyst. The maximized yield of aldehydes and ketones was obtained with the cellulose-to-hemicellulose mass ratio of 3:2, which was consistent with that of bagasse. Two types of RM were selected for the carbonylation of pyrolysis vapors, in which the type prepared by Bayer process containing more Fe 2 O 3 exhibited better carbonylation performance. The ZrO 2 -loaded RM composite catalyst was prepared, and it was found that the yield of aldehydes and ketones was greatly boosted. Finally, RM composite catalysts supported by five individual metal oxide were prepared, the correlation between the oxidizability of catalyst and the aldehyde/ketone mole ratio was established, and it was revealed that the stronger oxidizability of the composite catalysts was usually accompanied with the decreased aldehydes/ketones mole ratio. Biomass and RM wastes were used as resources in this study, this waste-to-energy idea contributes to optimizing the utilization of waste and promoting the production of biofuels.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Yuge Yan,Xiaofeng Gu,Mingyang Zhou,Zhijie Wang,Xifen Gong,Yu Chen,Qingyu Li,Jiang Liu
Here we use the electrochemical hydrogen pump derived from a protonic ceramic cell (PCC) to realize the first demonstration of separating hydrogen from simulated peanut shell pyrolysis gas (64% H 2 , 26% CO, 4% CO 2 , and 6% CH 4 ). The single PCC is configured with a thick Ni–BaCe 0.7 Zr 0·1 Y 0·2 O 3-δ cathode, a thin BaCe 0·7 Zr 0·1 Y 0·18 Fe 0·02 O 3-δ electrolyte, and an Ag–Ce 0.8 Gd 0.2 O 1.9 anode with an effective area of 1.5 cm 2 . At 650 °C and a feeding current density of −500 mA cm −2 , a hydrogen flux of 2.34 ml min −1 cm −2 , a Faradaic efficiency of 62%, and a hydrogen recovery rate of 29% are achieved. In addition, 20 wt% Ni is mixed into the Ag-GDC electrode to achieve a hydrogen flux of 3.68 ml min −1 cm −2 and a Faradaic efficiency of 97%. Additionally, a 20-h measurement for PCCs with the Ni-mixed electrode shows the hydrogen fluxes and Faradaic efficiencies of above 1.49 ml min −1 cm −2 and 98%, respectively.
研究领域:
能源科学
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材料科学
·
环境工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS A-GENERAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.5
Shaoqing Wang,Yan Jiao,Zhihe Li,Zhen Wan,Yu Han,Weiming Yi
In this paper, a surface encapsulation method has been developed to synthesize the HZSM-5 @Al-KIT-6 hierarchical zeolites, due to the poor mono-aromatic hydrocarbons (MAHs) selectivity and rapid coke deactivation during the catalytic upgrading lignin pyrolysis vapors. Results showed that the acidity and accessibility of HZSM-5 @Al-KIT-6 hierarchical zeolite can be modulated by changing the TEOS/HZSM-5 mass ratio during catalyst synthesis. The three-dimensional (3-D) cubic mesoporous shell can capture the bulky phenolic oligomers and pre-crack for further reforming. The highest MAH content (44.03%) and lower polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) (23.79%) were produced when the TEOS/HZSM-5 mass ratio was 1.0. The hierarchical zeolites improved the yield of xylenes due to the enhanced alkylation reaction. In addition, the micro-mesoporous highway reduced the formation of coke deposition. The catalytic mechanism of hierarchical zeolites was then proposed based on the obtained results. This study provides a reference for pilot-scale experiments for the catalytic upgrading lignin pyrolysis vapors.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
催化科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Shanshan Shao,Tianrui Sun,Xiaohua Li,Yifan Wang,Laixin Ma,Zhufeng Liu,Shiliang Wu
Due to the high molecular weight, high viscosity and strong instability of heavy bio-oil from rape straw, it is necessary to explore new high-value utilization methods. Heavy bio-oil based carbon material (HBC) was prepared via carbonization and activation assisted by pyrolysis gas, and the basic Mg-Zr-O catalysts using HBC as the carrier (Mg-Zr-O/HBC) was synthesized for the aldol condensation of cyclopentanone to produce aviation fuel precursor. The effect of activation condition on the physicochemical properties of HBC and Mg-Zr-O/HBC were evaluated, the evolution of gas component before and after activation was explored, and the catalytic performance of Mg-Zr-O/HBC in the aldol condensation of cyclopentanone for the synthesis of aviation fuel was tested. Instead of traditional KOH activation, pyrolysis gas activation was beneficial for the reduced pollution and increased calorific value of the gas, making it an environmentally friendly method. The results showed that the activation of biochar (BOC) was improved with lower pyrolysis gas flow , higher activation temperature and longer activation time. The pore structure of carbon material was significantly improved, and the specific surface area was boosted from 15.25 m 2 /g 3 to 627.61 m 2 /g 3 . Mg-Zr-O was evenly distributed on HBC, and a large number of weak and medium basic sites were found in Mg-Zr-O/HBC, which was quite favorable for the aldol condensation. In the aldol condensation of cyclopentanone, Mg-Zr-O/HBC presented the excellent production of the targeted C10+C15 condensates of 84.95 %, which was comparable to that prepared with KOH as activator. After 8 repeated runs, the yield of the targeted condensates remained at 73.33 %. In general, it provided an environmentally friendly strategy for the preparation of HBC and the high-value utilization of pyrolysis gas assisted by pyrolysis gas for the activation of BOC.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
催化化学
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环境工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）