JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
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2022
·Vol. 147
·期 23
·13217-13229
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IF 4.755
Yang Guochao,Zhang Qiuhui,Li Yan,Ouyang Yunshu
The microencapsulation of flame retardants can avoid the problems of water absorption and loss. In this paper, hydrophobic microcapsule-encapsulated ammonium polyphosphate (HMAPP) was prepared by ion exchange and Stöber method and applied to the preparation of hydrophobic flame-retardant kraft paper by impregnation. The microscopic morphology and element analysis of the hydrophobic microcapsules tested by TEM and SEM showed that nano-scale particles with a size of about 100 nm have been successfully prepared, and the core–shell structure has been formed. HMAPP constructed a rough structure with low surface energy on the surface of kraft paper and provided the kraft paper with hydrophobic property. The water contact angle of kraft paper reached 122.7 ° after treated by HMAPP, while it also enhanced the physical strength of the paper. Kraft had the self-extinguishing phenomenon after treated by HMAPP, which attached to the surface of kraft paper were heated and melted to release ammonia to dilute combustible gas and oxygen, and formed a flame-retardant layer containing SiO 2 particles, phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, pyrophosphoric acid, and carbon flakes on the fiber surface. There were C–C, C–O–C bonds in the carbon layer after flame-retardant treatment, indicating that the pentose contained in fiber has not been completely destroyed. In addition, the presence of Si and P elements in the residual carbon indicates that the decomposed flame retardant adheres to the surface of the fiber to block the heat transfer and flame spread.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
林业工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2018
·Vol. 54
·期 2
·1884-1897
·
IF 2.993
Xu Fang,Zhong Ling,Xu Yuan,Feng Shaoyang,Zhang Cheng,Zhang Fengxiu,Zhang Guangxian
The flame resistance of kraft paper was greatly modified by an eco-friendly, phosphorus-containing and reactive flame retardant, ammonium phosphite, which was grafted on kraft paper via pad-bake method. The results showed that the limiting oxygen index of treated kraft paper could increase from 19.1 to 48.2%. The results of vertical flammability tests imply that the char length of treated sample decreased from 210 to 45 mm. Thermogravimetry analysis showed that treated kraft paper had the lower initial decomposition temperature and more residues than control sample. Thermogravimetry analysis/infrared spectrometry indicated that the flammable volatile species of treated kraft paper reduced obviously compared with that of control sample. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy suggested that ammonium phosphite was grafted on the cellulose molecules by P–O–C covalent bonds and the flame retardant is reactive in condensed phase. Scanning electron microscopy showed that the modification had little effect on the surface of kraft paper and the residual carbonized frame of treated kraft paper retained the fiber shape after combustion. EDX results showed that the flame retardant introduced a large amount of phosphorus and nitrogen into kraft paper. X-ray diffraction indicated that the modification did not significantly affect the crystal structure of kraft paper. And the strength of kraft papers slightly declined after the modification, but it still remained well.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2025
·
IF 8.5
Tong Hao,Rongrong Chen,Yingfeng Lu,Zainab Rasheed,Jing Yan,Suqing Li,Wen Qin,Mingrui Chen,Yaowen Liu
Yellow peach slices are popular for their nutritional value and portability, but they tend to absorb moisture and lose nutrients during storage. In this study, a biodegradable, superhydrophobic, and moisture-resistant paper-based packaging material was developed by coating kraft paper (KP) with a composite formulation of pea starch (PS), shellac (SH), zein (ZE), and stearic acid (SA). The selection of this composite system was based on the complementary functional properties of its components: PS provided a biodegradable matrix with good film-forming ability, SH contributed moisture resistance and adhesion, ZE enhanced mechanical strength and hydrophobicity, while SA further lowered surface energy to achieve superhydrophobicity. The coatings were applied through hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions, creating a robust barrier on the paper surface. The coated papers were evaluated for oxygen permeability (OP), water vapor transmission rate (WVTR), water contact angle (WCA), and rolling angle (RA). Results demonstrated that the PS/SH/ZE/SA-coated KP exhibited an 83.1 % reduction in WVTR and a 79.8 % decrease in OP compared to unmodified KP. The optimal formulation (KP/PS/SH/ZE/SA-3 %) displayed the lowest moisture content (MC) and achieved a WCA exceeding 150°, confirming superhydrophobicity. Additionally, the coatings significantly improved thermodynamic stability and imparted self-cleaning properties to the paper. These findings suggest that the developed composite coating can effectively modify paper-based packaging for moisture-sensitive applications, such as dehydrated yellow peach slices and other dry foods, offering a sustainable alternative to conventional plastic-based packaging.
研究领域:
食品科学
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材料科学
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包装技术
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食品保鲜
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高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Food Chemistry-X
·
2024
·
IF 6.5
Lin Zhu,Yijun Liu,Jiameng Liu,Xunxia Qiu,Lijing Lin
We prepared tea tree essential oil microcapsules, and the microcapsules and pullulan were coated on kraft paper to prepare an antibacterial paper. The antibacterial activity, structural characterization, and thermal stability of the prepared microcapsules and packaging paper were then tested. We found that the retention rate of microcapsules reached 87.1% after a 70 min of high-temperature treatment. The minimum inhibitory concentrations of microcapsules to S. aureus and E. coli were 112 mg/mL and 224 mg/mL, and the bacteriostatic zones of the packaging paper to E. coli and S. aureus were 17.49 mm and 22.75 mm, respectively. The prepared microcapsules were irregular. The paper coating was formed via hydrogen bonding, which filled the pores of paper fibers. When compared with the base paper, the roughness of the paper was reduced to 7.16 nm (Rq) and 5.61 nm (Ra), and no thermal decomposition occurred at <288 °C, which together implies a good application prospect.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
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食品科学
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微生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE ENERGY INSTITUTE
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Wenyuan Duan,Shaoquan Chen,Jiale Lu,Yutong Li,Miaomiao Li,Jianjing Gao,Yuzhen Zhao
Lignin, an abundant byproduct of lignocellulosic biorefineries, exhibits significant potential as a renewable feedstock for the production of value-added aromatic chemicals and high-energy-density biofuels due to its complex, highly aromatic polymeric structure. In this study, we investigated the effect of a Co-loaded HZSM-5 (50) (HZ) catalyst on oxidative valorization of kraft lignin under mild conditions of air. The bio-oil yield was increased with the increasing loading of Co, and was obtained to be 45.3 wt.% at 140°C/ 30 min. The desilication of zeolite exhibited a promising impact on the depolymerization of lignin, and the bio-oil was significantly enhanced to 51.8 wt.% with 10Co/HZ-n catalyst. Herein. The effect of metal promoters (Zn, Fe, and Nb) were also comprehensively determined by their successive loading on 10Co/HZ-n catalyst. The maximum bio-oil yield (67.3 wt.%) was evaluated with 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n catalyst at 120°C/ 30 min, reaction conditions. Additionally, the reusability performance of the 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n catalyst was examined for up to four catalytic cycles. The elemental analysis of bio-oils showed a significant improvement in the quality in terms of high calorific value (36.8 MJ/kg) for the 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n. Additionally, vanillin (68.2%) was observed as the main selective catalytic product, and its maximum selectivity was also determined for the optimum 10Co-3Nb/HZ-n bio-oil. The study emphasises the role of high metal valent ions in the selective fractionation of lignin into valuable phenolic compounds.
研究领域:
催化
·
生物质转化
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绿色化学
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可再生能源
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高分子降解
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）