Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2021
·
IF 9.297
Yun Li,Haotian Xue,Pekka Taskinen,Ari Jokilaakso,Chaobo Tang,Wei Jin,Minna Rämä,Yongming Chen,Shenghai Yang
In view of the issues of low efficiency and environmental pollution existing in current antimony production, this work proposes an innovative and cleaner process to extract antimony from stibnite concentrate and co-treat goethite residues. The mechanisms of antimony extraction and zinc, iron, sulfur conservation was thermodynamically and experimentally investigated. The results show that iron- and zinc-bearing components in the goethite residue firstly reacted and releasing Fe x O y and ZnO, then stibnite (Sb 2 S 3 ) quickly converted to senarmontite (Sb 2 O 3 ) in the presence of Fe x O y and ZnO. Intermediate Sb 2 O 3 was subsequently reduced to metallic Sb. Bench-scale experiments of antimony extraction from stibnite concentrate with goethite residue as sulfur-fixing agent validated that 85.7% of Sb was directly recovered as crude antimony bullion, only around 7.4% antimony volatilized to fume. Pb, As, Au, and Ag tended to also be co-enriched in the bullion. 97.4% of sulfur, 88.8% of zinc and 86.1% of iron were recovered and fixed simultaneously. Sulfur in Sb 2 S 3 , iron and zinc contained in goethite residues was conserved in matte as marketable Fe 2 Zn 3 S 5 , FeS, and ZnS, instead of forming gaseous SO 2 . This novel process is a promising recycling and co-treatment alternative for various secondary iron- and zinc-containing materials.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2021
·Vol. 73
·期 3
·881-891
·
IF 2.474
Li Yun,Taskinen Pekka,Wang Yuejun,Yang Shenghai,Tang Chaobo,Chen Yongming,Jokilaakso Ari
A promising lead-containing waste recycling method, with sulfur conservation and reductive sulfur-fixing co-smelting process (RSFCS), is proposed. This work investigated the PbSO 4 reduction equilibrium composition, phase conversions, and microscopic transformation mechanisms during the RSFCS process at different temperatures, times, and CO-CO 2 mixtures using thermodynamic modeling, thermogravimetric analysis, x-ray diffraction, and SEM-EDS analysis techniques. At the same time, the gaseous products were collected and analyzed. The results showed that three reduction paths existed: (1) PbSO 4 \( \to ^{{ {\text{CO/CO}}_{{2}} }} \) PbO·PbSO 4 +SO 2 \(\to ^{{ {\text{CO/CO}}_{{2}} }}\) 2PbO·PbSO 4 +SO 2 \(\to ^{{ {\text{CO/CO}}_{{2}} }} \) 4PbO·PbSO 4 +SO 2 \(\to ^{{ {\text{CO/CO}}_{{2}} }} \) PbO+SO 2 \( \to ^{{ {\text{CO/CO}}_{{2}} }}\) Pb; (2) PbSO 4 \( \to ^{{ {\text{CO/CO}}_{{2}} }} \) PbS; (3) PbSO 4 → PbO·PbSO 4 +SO 3 → 2PbO·PbSO 4 +SO 3 → 4PbO·PbSO 4 +SO 3 → PbO+SO 3 . Reduction temperature and CO concentration were determined as major factors in the PbSO 4 reduction. In a relatively weak reductive atmosphere and at low temperature, x PbO·PbSO 4 ( x = 1, 2, 4), PbO, Pb, and SO 2 were the major products. When temperature and the CO concentration increased, PbSO 4 was selectively reduced to PbS, with sulfur in the PbSO 4 fixed in PbS, instead of emitting SO 2 /SO 3 .
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2021
·
IF 6.609
Chengyang Cao,Yang Ren,Hao Wang,Hongyun Hu,Baojun Yi,Xian Li,Linling Wang,Hong Yao
Solar-powered pyrolysis of waste tires has been extensively studied because it can rapidly convert waste tires into valuable gas products using sustainable energy. However, the emitted sulfurous pollutants during this fast pyrolysis process would significantly reduce the economic feasibility of disposal waste tires. In order to investigate and regulate the sulfur transformation behavior, a large-load thermogravimetric analyzer and an optical rapid thermal processor were adopted to characterize and simulate the solar-powered fast pyrolysis behavior. The sulfur fixation effect of CaO was also evaluated in this study. Results showed that CaO addition could increase the emission of H 2 and CO by promoting the cracking of organic compounds in tar. In comparison, it could decrease the CO 2 emission by adsorption or transformation. Also, an excellent sulfur fixation rate in char was achieved with 10 wt% CaO addition, but accompanied by increasing emission tendency of SO 2 , especially at 650 °C-6000 °C/min. It was attributed to the competition reaction between H 2 S and SO 2 in the gas phase and interaction between CaS and CaSO 4 in the condensed phase. Our findings could be beneficial to develop an in-situ sulfur removal method during the pyrolysis of waste tires in the industry.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
WASTE MANAGEMENT
·
2022
·
IF 8.816
Chengyang Cao,Yetao Cheng,Hongyun Hu,Hao Wang,Shuai Liu,Ming Hu,Xian Li,Hong Yao
Textile dyeing sludge (TDS) is a typical industrial solid waste whose amount surged with the textile industry's development. Pyrolysis treatment is a promising technique for TDS to realize harmless disposal and resource reuse. However, the high content of organic compounds would cause sulfurous pollutants emission, reducing the economic feasibility during pyrolysis. This study aimed to fill the knowledge gaps about the thermal behavior, products distribution, kinetics, and sulfur transformation during TDS pyrolysis in 350–575 ℃ with the heating rate of 60, 600, and 6000 ℃/min, then investigate the sulfur fixation effect of CaO under representative conditions (350 ℃, 650 ℃ with 60 ℃/min, 6000 ℃/min). The primary decomposition stage of TDS is observed in 127–557 ℃, following the Avrami-Erofeev (n = 3) model, while the activation energy presents a convergent tendency with the increased heating rate. The pyrolysis temperature and heating rates impact the cracking of organic compounds, while a weakening effect is found for the sulfur distribution. CaO addition could efficiently realize sulfur fixation in char by absorbing sulfurous gas products, but SO 2 escape appeared with the increased CaO fraction. Pyrolysis condition at 650 ℃-60 ℃/min with 10 wt% CaO addition is recommended to achieve high sulfur retention, and the sulfur transformation mechanism in char during the TDS pyrolysis with and without CaO is proposed. Our findings provide novel and fundamental insights into the efficient disposal and pollution control during TDS pyrolysis.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2020
·
IF 7.246
Yun Li,Haotian Xue,Pekka Taskinen,Shenghai Yang,Chaobo Tang,Wei Jin,Yongming Chen,Ari Jokilaakso
This work proposes a novel environmentally-friendly, low temperature phase-conversion method for antimony extraction and studies its experimental application and feasibility in pyrite cinder waste co-treatment. The detailed phase transformations and microstructural evolution mechanisms during antimony extraction and sulfur fixation process were investigated. The results show that stibnite (Sb 2 S 3 ) can quickly transform to senarmontite (Sb 2 O 3 ) in the presence of Fe 2 O 3 and Na 2 CO 3 , and then Sb 2 O 3 will be continuously reduced into metallic Sb. Sulfur in Sb 2 S 3 was conserved as FeS and Na 2 S x O y (Na 2 S, Na 2 SO 4 and/or Na 2 S 2 O 3 ). As a result, sulfur was immobilized and recycled in the solid state resource, instead of emitting SO 2 gas. Laboratory-scale batch experiments employed pyrite cinder as sulfur-fixing agent indicate that more than 92.6% of antimony can be extracted and recovered by one step conversion from stibnite at 1123 K (850 °C) by this new technique. 97.3% of sulfur was fixed and converted to sulfide as matte and sulfate. In other words, SO 2 emissions were reduced by 97.3%. By-product elemental sulfur was produced after the water-leaching step, and finally producing industrial H 2 SO 4 . Iron contained in pyrite cinder waste will also be recycled. This novel method is an energy-saving, environmentally friendly and promising alternative for antimony extraction and waste treatment .
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 9
Xin Liu,Yong-De Yan,Yun Xue,Yue-Lin Wang,Qing-Guo Zhang,Guan-Qing Hu,Fu-Qiu Ma,Jing-Ping Wang
Waste resins produced from nuclear facilities operation always contain organic sulfur and radioisotope 65 Zn, which pose a significant threat for the ecological environment. This study proposed comparative research for treating cation exchange resins doped with Zn 2+ (Zn-CERs) in Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 and Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 -KOH. The enhanced removal effect of sulfur and Zn 2+ by KOH addition was explored. The energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS) and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) were carried out to investigate the element distribution and chemical states of C, O, S and Zn on Zn-CERs. The results of thermogravimetric analysis (TG) showed that the oxidation process of Zn-CERs was basically divided into three steps, and Zn 2+ acted as a catalyst for S-C destruction. The relatively mild reaction of Zn-CERs in Na 2 CO 3 -K 2 CO 3 -KOH largely avoids the escape of harmful gases (H 2 S and SO 2 ) caused by the overreaction. The participation of KOH could promote the sulfation of sulfides and sulfites, and the transformational SO 4 2− content reaches a maximum value (26.51 %) at 800 °C. When the temperatures above 700 °C, Zn 2+ and K + combines with SO 4 2− to form K 2 Zn 2 (SO 4 ) 3 . The proposed enhanced molten salt oxidation (MSO) system had excellent retention rates of Zn (99.56 %) and S (87.39 %) at 800 °C, which provides further technical references for the removal of organic sulfur and heavy metals.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
核化学与放射化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2020
·
IF 16.602
Guoliang Cui,Gaoran Li,Dan Luo,Yongguang Zhang,Yan Zhao,Daorui Wang,Jiayi Wang,Zhen Zhang,Xin Wang,Zhongwei Chen
Lithium-sulfur (Li–S) batteries have been recognized as one of the most promising technologies for next-generation energy storage. However, their practical implementation is greatly impeded by the sluggish sulfur kinetics and unsatisfactory cyclability. Herein, a novel three-dimensionally ordered macro-microporous metal organic frameworks (3DOM ZIF-8) is developed via self-templated coordination-replication method, which serves as an advanced sulfur reservoir for enhanced Li–S battery performance. The unique hierarchical architecture not only facilitates the electrolyte infiltration and ion/mass transportation, but also increases the surface area for abundant exposure of active interfaces. Moreover, the nanometric ZIF-8 subunits impose strong sulfur immobilization and catalyzation through their chemical interactions with polysulfides , thus rendering significantly inhibited shuttle effect and fast reaction kinetics. Benefiting from these synergistic features, sulfur electrodes based on 3DOM ZIF-8 exhibit excellent electrochemical performance, i.e., prolonged cycling stability with a low capacity decay of 0.028% per cycle over 500 cycles, as well as high areal capacity and decent cyclability under raised sulfur loading and limited electrolyte, demonstrating a great promise in developing practically viable Li–S batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
·
2019
·
IF 6.395
Yun Li,Shenghai Yang,Pekka Taskinen,Jing He,Fangwen Liao,Rongbo Zhu,Yongming Chen,Chaobo Tang,Yuejun Wang,Ari Jokilaakso
This study proposes an innovative and environment-friendly method for recycling spent lead-acid batteries without SO 2 generation. Iron-containing waste was employed as a sulfur-fixing agent to retain sulfur as ferrous matte, which eliminated the generation and emissions of gaseous SO 2 . This work investigated the thermodynamic and experimental feasibility and conversion mechanism of the method, and evaluated its industrial applicability. A bench-scale test showed direct recoveries of 93.5% and 97.7% in crude lead and ferrous matte for lead and sulfur, respectively. The phase transformation mechanism study indicated that metallic lead from the lead paste was extracted mainly through the sequence of PbSO 4 → C / C O PbS → F e 3 O 4 PbO → C / C O Pb. Sulfur in PbSO 4 was thus first transferred to PbS and finally fixed as FeS. An industrial-scale pilot campaign was also conducted to confirm the feasibility and reliability of the new process.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2019
·Vol. 72
·期 9
·3186-3194
·
IF 2.305
Li Yun,Yang Shenghai,Taskinen Pekka,He Jing,Chen Yongming,Tang Chaobo,Jokilaakso Ari
This study proposed a cleaner pyrometallurgical lead-acid battery (LAB) recycling method for lead extraction and sulfur conservation without an excessive amount of SO 2 generation. A reducing atmosphere was introduced to the lead paste recycling system to selectively reduce PbSO 4 to PbS. At the same time, PbO and PbO 2 components contained in the lead paste were also reduced to metallic Pb. Then, the intermediate PbS further reacted with a sulfur-fixing agent, typically Fe 3 O 4 , to generate PbO and FeS. Sulfur was transformed from PbSO 4 to PbS and finally conserved as FeS. Thus, SO 2 emissions and pollution were significantly eliminated. This work investigated the thermodynamic and experimental feasibility and phase conversion mechanism of this proposed method, the detailed lead extraction and sulfur fixing mechanisms were clarified, and the phase transformation and microstructural evolution processes were characterized. Additionally, a bench experiment of industrial, end-of-life LAB paste was conducted to detect the lead recovery and sulfur fixation efficiency.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Minerals
·
2019
·Vol. 9
·期 2
·119
·
IF 2.25
Yun Li,Shenghai Yang,Wenrong Lin,Pekka Taskinen,Jing He,Yuejun Wang,Junjie Shi,Yongming Chen,Chaobo Tang,Ari Jokilaakso
A novel and cleaner process for lead and silver recycling from multiple lead-containing wastes, e.g., lead ash, lead sludge, lead slag, and ferric sludge, by reductive sulfur-fixing smelting was proposed. In this process, coke and iron-containing wastes were employed as reductive agent and sulfur-fixing agent, respectively. A Na2CO3-Na2SO4mixture was added as flux. The feasibility of this process was detected from thermodynamic and experimental perspectives. The influence of Fe/SiO2and CaO/SiO2, composition of the molten salt, coke addition, smelting temperature, and smelting time on direct Pb recovery and sulfur-fixation efficiency were investigated. The optimal process conditions were determined as follows:WCoke= 15%WPb wastes,WNa2CO3/WNa2SO4= 0.7/0.3, Fe/SiO2= 1.10, CaO/SiO2= 0.30, smelting temperature 1200 °C, and smelting time 2 h, whereWrepresents weight. Under these optimum conditions, 92.4% Pb and 98.8% Ag were directly recovered in crude lead bullion in one step treatment, and total 98.6% sulfur was fixed. The generation and emissions of SO2can be avoided. The main phases in ferrous matte obtained were FeS, NaFeS2, Fe2Zn3S5, and a little entrained Pb. The slag was a FeO-SiO2-CaO-Na2O quaternary melt.Keywords:SO2-free sulfur fixing smelting;lead recycling;wastes co-treatment and recycling;lead-iron-containing wastes;molten salt;PbO-FeO-SiO2-CaO-Na2O phase diagram
研究领域:
冶金学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2023
·
IF 15.1
Hongming Jiang,Shuchang Yan,Jingzhi Yan,Chengyang Li,Yan Lin,Zengli Zhao,Zhen Huang,Hongyu Huang,Haibin Li
Red mud (RM) is an alkaline waste residue produced in the aluminum industry, which has a huge output and is difficult to treat. However, it can be used as raw material for preparing oxygen carrier (OC) for rich in Fe, Na and Ca. In this paper, three types of RM were selected, and the desulfurization performance and mechanism of RM OCs under different reaction conditions were discussed. The results show that the desulfurization capacity of RM OCs mainly comes from Na/Ca elements, while Fe 2 O 3 has no desulfurization capacity above 750 °C. WSRM OCs have good desulfurization performance, and the desulfurization efficiency of WS900 can reach 86.28 % at 900 °C, although high temperature is not conducive to sulfur fixation by RM OCs. WSRM OC prepared at 800–900 °C has good desulfurization activity, while the OC prepared at 1000 °C or above will have a significant decline in desulfurization performance. The components in RM OCs with desulfurization activity mainly include Na 2 Ti 3 O 7 and Ca in the form of Ca 2 SiO 4 and CaTiO 3 , while NaAlSiO 4 , Na 6 Al 4 Si 4 O 17 and Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 7 almost have no sulfur fixation capacity. The redox performance of the three RM OCs under multi-cycle conditions is little affected by H 2 S atmosphere; and WSRM OCs rich in Na and Ca have the best redox performance.
研究领域:
环境工程
·
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）