JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHIC SCIENCE
·
2021
·Vol. 59
·期 5
·405-411
·
IF 1.618
Decheng Suo,Xia Fan,Shulin Wei,Yang Li
A simple and sensitive method was proposed for choline, carnitine, acetylcarnitine (ACa) and acetylcholine (ACh) separation in feed, blood and urine of animals by using ion chromatography (IC) and detection by tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). Analytes were extracted using a mixture of acetonitrile and water, purified by C18 solid-phase extraction columns, separated via IC with an IonPac SCS-1 column and detected by an MS/MS detector by using isotopic internal standards for quantification. The effects of different chromatographic parameters on the separation were also investigated. Under optimal conditions, the recovery was >90%, with the relative standard deviations of <15%. The proposed method was highly reliable for the simultaneous determination of choline, carnitine, ACa and ACh in feed, blood and urine.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
动物营养学
·
生物化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Legal Medicine
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Shan Zhang,Shunqin Chen,Faze Zhu,Aimin Wang,Bing Xia,Jie Wang,Jiang Huang,Yubo Liu,Peng Luo
Toxic alkaloids are typically found in herbal medicines and have strong pharmacological effects and a broad therapeutic spectrum. On the other hand, toxic alkaloids exert toxicological activities in vivo ; as such they have a narrow therapeutic window and can induce poisoning due to incorrect dose or misuse. In this view, there is an urgent need to develop a rapid and sensitive assay to detect these toxic alkaloids. This study developed a method for determining five common toxic alkaloids in blood, including brucine, strychnine, aconitine, mesaconitine, and hypaconitine using ultra-high liquid chromatography-tandem quadrupole/linear ion trap mass spectrometry (QTRAP UPLC–MS/MS). The analytes in this investigation were extracted with ether and detected using multiple reaction monitoring (MRM)-information-dependent acquisition (IDA)-enhanced product ion (EPI) scanning modes. SKF 525A served as the internal standard (IS). The approach demonstrated excellent linearity, with a correlation coefficient (R) > 0.9964, and satisfactory sensitivity, with the limit of detection (LOD) of 0.31 ∼ 3.26 ng/mL and a limit of quantification (LOQ) of 1.13 ∼ 11.52 ng/mL. The extraction recovery (ER) was 78.8 ∼ 116.2%, the matrix effect (ME) was −12.3 ∼ 21.2%, and the method accuracy was 0.8 ∼ 12.8%. In addition, the intra-day precision and the inter-day precision (RSD) were 0.7% ∼ 7.4% and 0.4% ∼ 13.5%, respectively. The developed approach is sensitive and efficient, and offer significant application prospect in clinical monitoring and forensic detection of poisoning.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
法医学
·
临床毒理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Analytical Methods
·
2012
·Vol. 5
·期 1
·59-63
·
IF 1.547
Suo Decheng,Li Lan,Zhang Su,Su Xiaoou
A simple, highly sensitive ion chromatographic method for the simultaneous determination of betaine, choline and carnitine in feed premixes is described. Premixes were extracted via ultrasonication in water for 20 min and extracts were analyzed by ion chromatography using an aqueous 3.0 mmol L−1 methane sulfonic acid solution containing 15% (v/v) acetonitrile as the eluent and an IonPac SCS1 column. The composition of the mobile phase was optimized for the efficient separation of the three main analytes from each other as well as from common inorganic cations and trimethylamine, which is an ingredient for the synthesis of the analytes. The recoveries of choline, carnitine and betaine spikes added to premixes were all greater than 90% with replicate relative standard deviations of less than 10%. The limits of detection of this method for these analytes in premixes were calculated to be 10, 6 and 20 mg kg−1, respectively.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
营养学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 43
·期 12
·2459-2466
·
IF 2.878
Yuanyuan Liu,Wenjuan Wang,Fenfang Che,Yanzhen Lu,Aoxin Li,Hao Li,Jiangang Liu,Yun Wei
Macleaya cordata (Willd) R. Br. is a medicinal plant. The most important bioactive compounds of M. cordata are alkaloids that have many biological activities including antifungal, anti-inflammatory, and antitumor. In this study, an ionic-liquid-modified high-speed counter-current chromatography method was established to obtain alkaloids from the fruits of M. cordata . The conditions of ionic-liquid-modified high-speed counter-current chromatography, including solvent systems, the content of ionic liquid (1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate [C 4 mim][BF 4 ]), and the posttreatment of the ionic liquid, were investigated. Five alkaloids protopine, allocryptopine, sanguinarine, 8-O-demethylchelerythrine, and chelerythrine were separated from the extract of the fruits using a high speed counter-current chromatography with two-phase solvent system composed of dichloromethane/methanol/0.3 mol/L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution/[C 4 mim][BF 4 ] (4:2:2:0.015, v/v). Their purities were 96.33, 95.56, 97.94, 96.22, and 97.90%, respectively. The results indicated that a small amount of ionic liquids as modifier of the two-phase solvent system could shorten the separation time and improve the separation efficiency of the alkaloids from the fruits. The ionic-liquid-modified high-speed counter-current chromatography would provide a feasible way for highly effective separation of alkaloids from natural products.
研究领域:
生药学
·
分析化学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
METABOLIC BRAIN DISEASE
·
2018
·Vol. 34
·期 1
·173-181
·
IF 2.441
Sun Kaiyue,Bai Yuting,Zhao Rong,Guo Zijiao,Su Xiang,Li Peiqi,Yang Pengyu
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of matrine (MAT) on scopolamine (SCOP)-induced learning and memory impairment. After successive oral administration of MAT to mice for three days at doses of 0.4, 2, and 10 mg/kg, we assessed improvements in learning and memory and investigated the mechanism of action of SCOP-induced amnesia. Donepezil at a dose of 3 mg/kg was used as a standard memory enhancer. MAT significantly improved SCOP-induced learning and memory impairment in novel object recognition and Y-maze tests at doses of 0.4, 2, and 10 mg/kg. Furthermore, MAT inhibited acetylcholinesterase (AChE) and butyrylcholinesterase (BuChE) activities and decreased oxidative stress in the brain, as evidenced by increased total antioxidant capacity, total superoxide dismutase levels, and catalase activities as well as decreased malondialdehyde levels. Additionally, there was a significant negative correlation between the percentage of spontaneous alternation in the Y maze and AChE activity in the cortex and hippocampus. MAT ameliorated SCOP-induced amnesia by the inhibition of both AChE/BuChE activities and oxidative stress. This study provides further evidence to encourage the development of MAT as a drug for the prevention or treatment of Alzheimer’s disease.
研究领域:
神经科学
·
药理学
·
阿尔茨海默病研究
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2020
·
IF 5.339
Qidan Cai,Jiang Meng,Yuewei Ge,Yan Gao,Yu Zeng,Haifang Li,Yue Sun
A new method for fishing antitumor ingredients by G-quadruplex recognition from Macleaya cordata seeds extracts was established using a three-phase-laminar-flow-chip (TPL chip). The TPL chip integrated the separation of drugs from the complex ingredients and organic solvent extraction, simplifying pretreatment processes and reducing reagents and time. In addition, the chip method showed a lower false negative result, owing to the gentle membrane-free filtration process based on diffusion separation in microchannel. Four ligands with high content in alkaloids of Macleaya cordata seeds were selected, those are chelerythrine (CHE), sanguinarine (SAN), protopine (PRO), and allocryptopine (ALL), which demonstrated affinity with G-quadruplex and were potential for antitumor.
研究领域:
药理学
·
分子生物学
·
药物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLANTA MEDICA
·
2021
·Vol. 88
·期 11
·921-932
·
IF 3.356
Xinchi Feng,Kun Wang,Shijie Cao,Liqin Ding,Feng Qiu
Rhizoma coptidis has been clinically used for a long time for the treatment of various diseases in China, such as hypertension, diabetes, and inflammation. Previous studies have shown that alkaloid components of Rhizoma coptidis extract could be extensively metabolized and the metabolites were also considered to be the therapeutic material basis. However, until now, pharmacokinetic studies of the in vivo metabolites have not been revealed yet. The aim of the present study was to characterize the pharmacokinetics and excretions of five main alkaloids (berberine, jatrorrhizine, palmatine, epiberberine, and coptisine) and their seven metabolites (berberrubine, demethyleneberberine, jatrorrhizine-3-O-β-D-glucuronide, thalifendine-10-O-β-D-glucuronide, berberrubine-9-O-β-D-glucuronide, demethyleneberberine-2-O-sulfate, and demethyleneberberine-2-O-β-D-glucuronide) in rats after oral administration of Rhizoma coptidis extract. Meanwhile, comparative pharmacokinetics and excretions of these analytes in diabetic model rats were also investigated, since Rhizoma coptidis is widely used for the treatment of diabetes. Our results showed that the in vivo existing forms of alkaloid components were phase II metabolites, highlighting the glucuronidation metabolic pathway. In diabetic model rats, the utilization of Rhizoma coptidis alkaloids was significantly increased and the biotransformation of berberine into berberrubine was significantly inhibited.
研究领域:
药理学
·
代谢
·
糖尿病研究
·
中药
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2014
·
IF 2.939
Wei He,Guanghui Liu,Hao Cai,Xiuman Sun,Waner Hou,Peiting Zhang,Zhiyong Xie,Qiongfeng Liao
Ethnopharmacological relevance Jiao-Tai-Wan (JTW), an important herbal formula consists of Rhizoma coptidis and Cortex cinnamomi powder, is a famous prescription which has been used for centuries to treat insomnia in Traditional Chinese Medicine . The purpose of this study is to compare the pharmacokinetic properties of five protoberberine-type alkaloids (i.e. berberine , palmatine , coptisine , epiberberine and jatrorrhizine), the main bioactive constituents in JTW, between normal and insomnic rats. We also investigate the differences between single-dose and multiple-dose pharmacokinetics of five protoberberine-type alkaloids. Materials and methods The insomnic rat models were induced by intraperitoneal injection of one-dose para-chlorophenylalanine acid (PCPA). Quantification of five protoberberine-type alkaloids in rat plasma was achieved by using a rapid LC–MS/MS method. Plasma samples were collected at different time points to construct pharmacokinetic profiles by plotting drug concentration versus time and estimate pharmacokinetic parameters . An unpaired Student׳s t test was used for comparisons with SPSS 17.0. Results The five protoberberine-type alkaloids of single-dose normal groups had slow absorption and low bioavailability, as well as a delay of peak time. In the single-dose oral administration, the C max and T max of five ingredients in insomnic rats had significant differences compared with those of normal rats. In the multiple-dose oral administration, the pharmacokinetic parameters of five protoberberine-type alkaloids varied greatly in insomnic rats. In the normal rats, there were significant differences ( P <0.05) in the principal pharmacokinetic parameters such as C max and T max between single-dose and multiple-dose oral administration. In the insomnic rats, the five ingredients of multiple-dose groups showed better absorption than the single-dose groups. Particularly, three peaks were observed in multiple-dose model group of plasma–concentration curves. Conclusions The pharmacokinetic behavior of five protoberberine-type alkaloids was described in this paper. In both normal groups and model groups, the pharmacokinetic behavior of multiple-dose had significant differences comparing with the single-dose; either single-dose or multiple-dose, the pharmacokinetic behavior of insomnic rats had significant differences comparing the normal rats. Multiple dosing may improve the absorption of JTW in insomnic rats, which will increase the bioavailability and bring into active role in therapeutical effect.
研究领域:
药理学
·
中医药学
·
民族药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2024
·
IF 1.4
Ningyi Wang,Xinghao Huang,Jiamin Zhang,Xu Wu,Yan Peng,Yiming Zhu
Caffeine, theophylline and theobromine are representative xanthine alkaloids, commonly used as stimulants due to their effects on the central nervous system. Despite their similar molecular structures, they have different pharmacological effects, necessitating a rapid and accurate identification method. In this study, terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) was used to measure the absorption spectra of these three xanthine alkaloids within the range of 2.0–17.0 THz. The characteristic absorption peaks were visualized and analyzed basing on the quantum chemical calculations using Hartree-Fock (HF), Møller–Plesset perturbation theory (MP2) and density functional theory (DFT). Caffeine exhibited unique absorption peaks at 4.24, 5.00, and 11.13 THz. Theophylline showed characteristic peaks at 9.25, 12.20, and 15.09 THz. While theobromine exhibited characteristic peaks at 4.45, 7.68, and 11.21 THz. The results demonstrate that combining THz-TDS with DFT calculation can non-destructively, efficiently, and accurately identify these xanthine alkaloids, and providing valuable information for further understanding their pharmacological functions.
研究领域:
药物分析
·
光谱学
·
量子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY
·
2021
·
IF 4.36
Han Zhou,Tao Hou,Zhenhua Gao,Xiujie Guo,Chaoran Wang,Jixia Wang,Yanfang Liu,Xinmiao Liang
Ethnopharmacological relevance Dopamine receptors are long-standing primary targets in the treatment of mental diseases and there is growing evidence that suggests relationships between obesity and the dopamine system, especially dopamine D1 and D2 receptors. Leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. (lotus leaves) have been medically used for helping long-term maintenance of weight loss. Whether and how components of lotus leaves function through the dopamine receptors remains unclear. Aim of the study This work aimed to discover dopamine receptor-active alkaloids isolated from the lotus leaves, to evaluate their potencies and to analyze their structure activity relationship . Materials and methods Dried lotus leaves were prepared and total extract was divided into alkaloids and flavones . Eight alkaloids were separated and characterized by a combination of high-performance liquid chromatography, quadrupole time-of-flight mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance, and assayed by a fluorometric imaging plate reader platform. Human embryonic kidney 239 cell lines expressing dopamine D1, D2 and serotonin 2A (5-HT2A) receptors, respectively, were cultured and used in the assay. Results Alkaloids in the lotus leaves were the bioactive phytochemicals and inhibited dopamine from accessing the D1 and D2 receptors. All eight compounds functioned as D1-receptor antagonists and except N-nornuciferine, seven alkaloids functioned as D2-receptor antagonists. (S)-coclaurine and (R)-coclaurine are optical isomers and antagonized both D1 and D2 with equivalent potencies, suggesting that the optical rotation of the methylene linker in the monobenzyl isoquinoline backbone did not influence their activity. Among the eight alkaloids, O-nornuciferine was the potent antagonist to both receptors (the lowest IC 50 values, D1: 2.09 ± 0.65 μM and D2: 1.14 ± 0.10 μM) while N-nornuciferine was found to be the least potent as it moderately antagonized D1 and was inactive on D2. O-nornuciferine was also a 5-HT2A antagonist (IC 50 ~20 μM) while N-nornuciferine had no activity. These hinted the importance of a methyl group attached to the nitrogen atom in the aporphine backbone. Armepavine showed a nearly 10-fold selectivity to D2. Conclusions In this work, eight alkaloids were isolated from the leaves of Nelumbo nucifera Gaertn. and assayed on the D1 and D2 receptors. They were D1/D2 antagonists with IC 50 values in the mid- to low-micromolar range and O-nornuciferine was the most potent alkaloid among the eight. This family of alkaloids was biochemically evaluated on the dopamine receptors by the same platform for the first time.
研究领域:
药理学
·
植物化学
·
神经科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Reaction Kinetics Mechanisms and Catalysis
·
2013
·Vol. 110
·期 1
·31-39
·
IF 1.104
Zhang Tiantian,Zhang Xiaoli,Li Hongya,Bai Weili,Zhao Binxia
Anhydrous ethanol and choline hydroxide, which are friendlier to human beings, were applied in the process for preparing l -α-glycerophosphocholine. The mechanism of the ethanolysis of phosphatidylcholine catalyzed by choline hydroxide was proposed, the kinetics of the transesterification was evaluated under the catalyst concentration range of 0.006–0.018 mol/L and the temperature range of 293.15–323.15 K. The experimental data were well described by the pseudo-first order equation. The effects of nucleophilic reagent, concentration of catalyst, ethanol-to-oil molar ratios and the temperature were investigated, and the calculated activation energy was 24.28 kJ/mol.
研究领域:
生物化学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Toxins
·
2021
·Vol. 13
·期 4
·259
·
IF 4.546
Petrus Siregar,Gilbert Audira,Ling-Yi Feng,Jia-Hau Lee,Fiorency Santoso,Wen-Hao Yu,Yu-Heng Lai,Jih-Heng Li,Ying-Ting Lin,Jung-Ren Chen,Chung-Der Hsiao
Arecoline is one of the nicotinic acid-based alkaloids, which is found in the betel nut. In addition to its function as a muscarinic agonist, arecoline exhibits several adverse effects, such as inducing growth retardation and causing developmental defects in animal embryos, including zebrafish, chicken, and mice. In this study, we aimed to study the potential adverse effects of waterborne arecoline exposure on zebrafish larvae locomotor activity and investigate the possible mechanism of the arecoline effects in zebrafish behavior. The zebrafish behavior analysis, together with molecular docking and the antagonist co-exposure experiment using muscarinic acetylcholine receptor antagonists were conducted. Zebrafish larvae aged 96 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to different concentrations (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, and 1 ppm) of arecoline for 30 min and 24 h, respectively, to find out the effect of arecoline in different time exposures. Locomotor activities were measured and quantified at 120 hpf. The results showed that arecoline caused zebrafish larvae locomotor hyperactivities, even at a very low concentration. For the mechanistic study, we conducted a structure-based molecular docking simulation and antagonist co-exposure experiment to explore the potential interactions between arecoline and eight subtypes, namely, M1a, M2a, M2b, M3a, M3b, M4a, M5a, and M5b, of zebrafish endogenous muscarinic acetylcholine receptors (mAChRs). Arecoline was predicted to show a strong binding affinity to most of the subtypes. We also discovered that the locomotion hyperactivity phenotypes triggered by arecoline could be rescued by co-incubating it with M1 to M4 mAChR antagonists. Taken together, by a pharmacological approach, we demonstrated that arecoline functions as a highly potent hyperactivity-stimulating compound in zebrafish that is mediated by multiple muscarinic acetylcholine receptors.Keywords:arecoline;locomotion;zebrafish;betel nut;muscarinic acetylcholine receptor;molecular docking;antagonistKey Contribution:We provides in vivo and in silico evidences to support arecoline affected larvae zebrafish locomotor activity is associated with multiple muscarinic acetylcholine receptor interactions. Co-exposure with muscarinic acetylcholine antagonist receptors can restore locomotor hyperactivity trigger by arecoline exposure strengthen this hypothesis.
研究领域:
药理学
·
神经科学
·
毒理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）