FUEL
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2025
·
IF 7.5
Yuan-Hui Liu,Jiu Chen,Zhan-Jun Yang,Guang-Ling Chen,Peng-Cheng Xi,Hao-Tian Zhou,Mi Li,Li-Feng Xie,Dan Zhang
5-Aminotetrazole (5AT)/strontium nitrate (Sr(NO 3 ) 2 ), as a novel energetic material and low-emission nitrogen-rich fuel, has been extensively applied to the formulations of solid propellant gas generators (SPGGs) fire extinguishing technology due to its advantageous physicochemical characteristics. However, the shortcomings of high combustion temperature and low burning rate of this energetic material formulation of 5AT/Sr(NO 3 ) 2 restrict its further application and development in SPGGs fire extinguishing technology. To address these existing problems and enhance its combustion behaviors, lead carbonate salts (lead carbonate or basic lead carbonate) are incorporated as combustion modifiers in this study, and systematically investigates the effects of these two modifiers on its thermal decomposition and combustion behaviors. The results show that after adding them, the samples all exhibit three pyrolysis stages. Since the additives exhibit incomplete thermal decomposition during the initial stage, they show little catalytic effect on the first pyrolysis stage, and the catalytic effects are mainly reflected in the latter two stages. In addition, both additives show good cooling effects, significantly reducing the combustion temperature of propellant. The maximum burning rate of the samples with additives is higher than that of 5AT/Sr(NO 3 ) 2 , and the samples with 2PbCO 3 •Pb(OH) 2 demonstrates the superior burn rate over the samples with PbCO 3 . The findings establish both mechanistic understanding and practical guidelines for optimizing 5AT/Sr(NO 3 ) 2 propellant formulations in SPGG fire suppression systems.
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DOI
高影响因子
CHEMOSPHERE
·
2023
·
IF 8.8
Cong Li,Suqin Li,Penghui Guo,Yongkui Li,Xingyu Liu
Copper plant residue (CPR) is a hazardous industrial by-product possessing both high toxicity and valuable metal content, necessitating its high value-added utilization. Traditional practices in smelters involve stockpiling and landfilling of CPR, leading to substantial land occupation and water contamination . This study focused on the preparation of PbO and Pb 3 O 4 using the HCl–NaCl leaching–conversion–thermal decomposition process, employing CPR as the primary raw material. The effect of various leaching process conditions on the metal leaching rate was explored. A maximum lead leaching rate of 87.65% was achieved under optimal conditions including leaching temperature, liquid–solid ratio, leaching time, HCl molar concentration, NaCl mass concentration, and particle size. The lead content in the leachate was 15.85 g/L. Experimental data indicated that ash diffusion control served as the rate-limiting step in the HCl–NaCl leaching process. The apparent activation energy was determined to be 18.374 kJ mol −1 , with a reaction order of 0.8986 concerning the HCl concentration and an L/S ratio of 0.8124. Additionally, response surface methodology enabled the determination of technological parameters for refining PbCl 2 into PbCO 3 precursors, yielding a conversion rate exceeding 96.50%. Moreover, the technical indicators of PbO and Pb 3 O 4 obtained through low-temperature thermal decomposition of PbCO 3 were investigated. The fabricated PbO and Pb 3 O 4 exhibited purities of 99.65% and 99.26%, respectively, effectively transforming CPR from hazardous waste residue into valuable products. The process ensures the efficient recovery of lead to its maximum extent and promotes residue recycling .
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
·
化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CRYSTENGCOMM
·
2017
·Vol. 19
·期 21
·2860-2869
·
IF 3.474
Xiaoli Yu,Qi Diao,Xiaokai Zhang,Yong-Ill Lee,Hong-Guo Liu
Hexagonal ultrathin nanoplates of basic lead carbonates were synthesized in aqueous lead acetate solution under ambient conditions. The sizes of the nanoplates were found to reach several hundreds of nanometers to micrometers, whereas the plate thickness was only several nanometers, corresponding to 3, 4, or 5 stacking layers along the c-axis. These nanoplates exhibited effective catalytic properties for the hydrogenation of nitroarenes, such as nitrobenzene, 4-nitroaniline, and 4-nitrophenol, and other organic dyes, such as methylene blue and methyl orange in aqueous solutions in the presence of KBH4. Pb nanoclusters were generated in situ during the catalytic process and were well dispersed on the surface of the nanoplates, leading to the formation of a zero-dimensional/two-dimensional (0D/2D) heterostructure. It was also found that the heterostructure exhibited different catalytic behaviors for the hydrogenation of the compounds mentioned above due to the different molecular structures and different adsorption and desorption abilities of the reactants and products. Such a heterostructure can be also anticipated to be an effective photocatalyst due to its strong UV-light absorption, the ultrathin characteristics of the highly crystalline nanoplates and the transfer abilities of the Pb nanoparticles.
研究领域:
材料科学
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催化
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纳米技术
·
化学
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DOI
高影响因子
Advanced Optical Materials
·
2024
·
IF 8
Hui Xiong,Min Wu,Huiqun Zheng,Bihao Zhuang,Ziyu Tan,Wenjian Yang,Jiandong Fan,Wenzhe Li
Low-dimensional organic–inorganic hybrid perovskites (OIHPs) have attracted extensive attention due to their outstanding photoluminescence properties. However, the charge transfer between the organic A-site and the inorganic framework is impeded, resulting in lower photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY). Herein, m-xylylenediamine (MXD) is incorporated into the perovskite, realizing the synthesis of a series of 0D perovskite-like single crystals, i.e., (MXD) 2 PbX 6 (X = Cl, Br, I). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations reveal the presence of effective hydrogen bonding between MXD and [PbX 6 ] 4− , which is enhanced through the controlled modification of halogen sites, enables the establishment of efficient charge transfer channels, and facilitates charge migration. Accordingly, (MXD) 2 PbCl 6 achieves a PLQY as high as 55.9% at 460 nm, characterized by blue light emission and remarkable air stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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光电学
·
化学
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DOI
高影响因子
MEASUREMENT
·
2024
·
IF 5.2
Yanyan Wang,Kaikai Zhang,Shengzhe Shi,Qingqing Wang,Chun Wang,Sheng Liu
To better utilize the spectral features of near-infrared and visible light and address issues in traditional suspension particle size detection, such as long measurement cycles, high costs, and complex operation, we propose a new method that combines multispectral sensor characterization technology with machine learning algorithms for rapid particle size measurement. By integrating a lab-designed light source driving circuit and spectral data acquisition device, we obtained 15 spectral data points for visible light, near-infrared, and red–blue–green (RGB) values to build a prediction model. The near-infrared-based model obtained a coefficient of determination (R 2 ) of 0.9130, whereas models combining RGB-near-infrared and visible-near-infrared features performed best, with R 2 values of 0.9670 and 0.9845. These models improved performance by 5.91% and 7.83%, effectively overcoming the limitations of single spectral features in different suspensions. This combination of visible and near-infrared light with machine learning proves effective for detecting average particle size in suspensions.
研究领域:
光学检测
·
机器学习应用
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DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
·
2025
·
IF 4.6
Nan Li,Shuaishuai Yu,Yuliang Yi,Haipeng Di,Yehao Deng,Jingjing Zhao
Perovskite single crystals have been found to exhibit excellent X-ray detection and imaging performance. High-purity raw materials have generally been considered a prerequisite to guarantee crystal quality and device performance, which may lead to higher costs. However, we found that higher quality MAPbBr3 single crystals can be obtained from low-purity lead bromide (PbBr2). This is attributed to the presence of impurity lead carbonate (PbCO3) in the raw material. PbCO3 facilitates the suppression of crystal defects, leading to higher quality crystals. With the addition of a small amount of PbCO3 to high-purity PbBr2 raw material, MAPbBr3 single crystals grow with a smoother surface, improved uniformity, and lower defect concentrations. The single crystal becomes more intrinsic. The product of carrier mobility and lifetime increases to 1.3 × 10–2 cm2 V–1. With the addition of PbCO3, the detector sensitivity is about twice as high and the lowest detection limit is approximately 300 times lower, down to 20 nGyair/s. This work reveals the key factors for preparing high-quality perovskite single crystals using low-cost, low-purity raw materials, providing a new approach for producing high-yield perovskite single crystals.
研究领域:
材料科学
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半导体物理
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晶体生长
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辐射探测
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功能材料
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光电子学
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缺陷工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INORGANIC CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Bao Jiang,Hongheng Chen,Xianmeng He,Lei Wu,Xueyin Fu,Yi Huang,Qun Jing,Zhaohui Chen
Rare-earth ions have garnered significant attention due to their large ionic radii and unique electronic configurations. In this study, two scandium-based pyrophosphates, ASc2(P2O7)2 (A = Ba, Pb), were successfully synthesized by using a high-temperature melting method. They are the first reported examples of divalent cations binding to scandium-based pyrophosphates. The anionic backbones in their structures are all based on Sc–P–O frameworks, and two distinct cluster configurations are observed: cyclic [ScP2O10] and linear [ScP2O11] clusters. A comprehensive comparison of Sc/Y-based pyrophosphates reveals a strong correlation between the Sc–P–O configurations and the A-site cationic coordination environments. This work also investigated the influence of cations on the P–O configuration of existing Sc/Y-based pyrophosphates, which also offers useful reference for the synthesis of novel scandium-based phosphates.
研究领域:
无机化学
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材料科学
·
固态化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2025
·
IF 8.2
Enrou Mei,Yanling Lin,Xiaojuan Liang,Weidong Xiang
In this work, CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6@glass composites were synthesized by incorporating lead carbonate (PbCO3) into a lithium–aluminum–silicate–boron (Li–Al–Si–B) glass matrix. PbCO3 decomposes to PbO, which reacts in situ with melt Br to form PbBr2, triggering CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6 nucleation in Br-rich microdomains; CO2 release concurrently creates stress-relieving micropores, outperforming direct PbBr2 addition. This composite exhibited remarkable photoluminescence properties, with a photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY) reaching as high as 86.71%. In an accelerated aging experiment conducted over 120 h, the fluorescence intensity was maintained at 95% of its original value. Even after 60 days of immersion in water, the luminescence intensity remained at 94% of the initial intensity, demonstrating its outstanding resistance to environmental degradation. To further explore its potential for display applications, we prepared a CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6/CsPbBrI2@glass@polystyrene (PS) film. This film exhibited an impressive color gamut, covering 123% of the National Television System Committee (NTSC) 1953 standard and 91.3% of the ITU-R Recommendation BT.2020 (Rec.2020) standard. The high PLQY and excellent stability of CsPbBr3/Cs4PbBr6@glass make it highly suitable for LCD applications and offer broad prospects for industrial-scale production.
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·
IF 4.527
Wanting Zou,Wenhua Zhang,Yilin Pi,Yunsheng Zhang,Lei Zhang,Yuan Chen
Using tailings as material to prepare glass-ceramic is an excellent way to achieve the resource utilization of solid waste. However, at present, researches on the solidification and migration of heavy metals are limited. Therefore, in this study, ten groups of samples were prepared by controlling sintering temperatures . The solidification, migration, and leaching behavior of non-volatile and volatile heavy metals were studied. The research showed that, with the increase of temperature, the properties of the samples were improved. Fe participated in the phase transformation and evolved into insoluble iron pyroxenes solid solution, while Pb was homogeneously distributed in the glass matrix of glass-ceramics. The leaching concentrations of Fe and Pb in the glass-ceramics were 0.055 mg/L ∼0.087 mg/L and 0.074 mg/L ∼0.140 mg/L, which were far below the threshold value. The results showed that heavy metals can be effectively solidified in glass-ceramics and have good environmental benefits.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2023
·Vol. 30
·期 19
·56188-56197
·
IF 5.8
Chen Jingwen,Wu Menglin,Ni Jiupai,Ni Chengsheng
Photocatalysis using the visible light of the sun is an environmentally friendly method of eliminating the NOx pollutant from the ambient air. Although Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 , a semiconductor with a band gap of 2.54 eV, may be a strong absorber of visible light, its photocatalysis towards the abatement of NOx is unknown. In this study, Cs 3 Bi 2-x Pb x Br 9-x (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.0789) are used for the photocatalytic oxidation of NOx. A significant NO oxidation efficiency (80%) is observed over Cs 3 Bi 2-x Pb x Br 9-x (x = 0.0443) under visible light, which is attributable to the Br vacancy ( V Br ) brought about by Pb 2+ doping. The presence of V Br increased the ionic selectivity of in the oxidized NO. At higher Pb doping level, two HONOs adsorbed on the V Br , linked, and then reduced by hot electrons to produce N 2 O 2 2− . The di-azo coupling could passivate the activation of NO on the V Br . This work advances the defect engineering of halide for the photo-driving solid–gas reaction in air.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）