COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2020
·
IF 3.99
Jingjing Jiang,Yongfan Tang,Lihua Huang,Xi Yuan,Yue Wang,Ganghua Huang,Gang Xiong,Li Zhang
Deposition in natural gas pipelines is an issue of enormous economic and security consequences. In the past, corrosion products, elemental sulfur, hydrates and sand were common deposits in these pipelines. This study demonstrates for the first time the emulsion gel-like structure of deposit collected from Long Gang gas field in Sichuan, China. Rheological testing, thermal stability analysis, oil-water-solid three-phase ratio analysis, microscopic observations, and oil composition analysis were used for further investigation of the microstructure and macro-properties. The results suggest that the deposit has a water-in-oil emulsion structure with a high internal phase. It is extremely stable at room temperature but quickly separates into the water (79.1 wt%), oil (20.3 wt%), and solid (0.6 wt%) fractions at 80 °C. Resins and asphaltenes are two major components of the oil fraction, and they play an important role in deposit formation by strengthening the interfacial film between the oil and water phases. We speculate that the accumulation of deposits in pipelines is attributed to the emulsification of oilfield chemicals with water, hydrocarbons, natural minerals, and other gas well products under the influence of high temperature, pressure, and flow rate, among others. Finally, we provide a possible solution to deal with the deposit. The results reported in this study are expected to be useful in the development of pipeline cleaning techniques and in minimizing deposit formation.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 9.8
Muyesaier Tudi,Linsheng Yang,Jiangping Yu,Binggan Wei,Yuan Xue,Fang Wang,Linfeng Li,Qiming Jimmy Yu,Huada Daniel Ruan,Qin Li,Ross Sadler,Des Connell
Drip irrigation is a valuable method for optimising water and fertiliser usage, motivating its increasing use. However, the ecological effects of drip irrigation fertilisation have not been sufficiently evaluated, limiting its effective and widespread use. Within this context, we aimed to determine the effects and potential ecological risks of using polyethylene irrigation pipes and mulch substrate under various drip irrigation conditions as well as burning of waste pipes and mulch substrate. Laboratory simulations of field conditions were used to determine the distribution, leaching, and migration pattern of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, and Zn) from plastic drip irrigation pipes and agricultural mulch substrate into various solutions. Maize samples obtained from drip-irrigated fields were analysed to determine the presence of heavy metal residues and assess the risk of heavy metal contamination. Heavy metal leaching from pipes and mulch substrate was high under acidic conditions, while the migration of heavy metals from plastic products was low in alkaline water-soluble fertiliser solutions. After combustion, heavy metal leaching from pipes and mulch residues increased considerably, with the migration capacity of Cd, Cr, and Cu increasing by >10-fold. Heavy metals in plastic pipes migrated primarily to the residue (bottom ash), whereas those from mulch substrate migrated to the fly ash component. Under experimental conditions, the migration of heavy metals from plastic pipes and mulch substrate had a negligible effect on the heavy metal content in aqueous environments. Although heavy metal leaching increased, the effect on water quality under actual irrigation conditions was relatively minor (in the order of 10 −9 ). Thus, the use of plastic irrigation pipes and mulch substrate did not result in significant heavy metal contamination and potential risk to the agriculture ecosystem. Our study findings provide evidence for the effective application and widespread promotion of drip irrigation and fertiliser technology .
研究领域:
农业生态学
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SURFACE ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 2.4
Jiaojiao Bai,Chengxi Deng,Wenjuan Sun,Hua Dong
Scale deposition on the surface of pipelines is a common phenomenon in industrial production. It not only decreases the heat conduction efficiency of the pipeline and increases energy consumption, but also leads to corrosion of the pipeline. Although varieties methods are developed to prevent pipeline scale deposition, these methods could not meet the requirements of harsh production conditions. This study introduces a novel oil-infused surface on galvanized iron for efficient anti-scaling in industrial pipelines. The surface of galvanized iron is firstly oxidized and modified to be superhydrophobic/superoleophilic, followed by injection of oil to form oil-infused surface. This oil-infused superhydrophobic/superoleophilic surface demonstrates excellent water repellency and superior anti-scaling performance compared to untreated galvanized iron. It may provide a promising anti-scaling option for iron-based pipelines in industrial productions.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Materials Science & Engineering C-Materials for Biological Applications
·
2018
·
IF 5.08
Juan Zhou,Huiyan Ying,Mingyu Wang,Dandan Su,Guozhong Lu,Jinghua Chen
A dual layer conduit, which consists of collagen I-hyaluronic acid (Col-HA, external layer) and collagen I-heparin (Col-HP, inner layer), has been developed. This conduit not only meets the structural requirement of nature blood vessel, but also presents favourable mechanical performance after crosslinking via EDC. In addition, its biological properties are evaluated through culturing with fibroblast cell (Cos-7) on Col-HA surface and vascular endothelial cell (HMEC) on Col-HP layer. Results demonstrate that the conduit can support Cos-7 and HMEC adhesion, proliferation and elongation on respective side. This dual layer conduit would be a new choice of artificial vascular scaffold and improve blood vessel regeneration for tissue engineering.
研究领域:
生物材料学
·
组织工程学
·
再生医学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SOLAR ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 6.6
Huageng Dai,Jianjuan Yuan,Caimeng Zhao,Xiangfei Kong
Long-distance district heating pipelines exposed to the ground for extended periods experience significant heat loss. The application of flexible phase-change composite materials with a photothermal conversion function offers a novel approach to coupling heating pipes with phase-change heat storage, utilizing solar energy for insulation. In this study, melamine foam serves as the supporting skeleton, erythritol as the phase change material, and polydopamine as the light-absorbing material. The composite phase change material exhibits a thermal conductivity of 0.04574 W/m·K, an enthalpy of 357.6 J/g, a melting peak at 121.9 °C and an average photothermal conversion efficiency of 63.82 %. The simulation results show that the thermal insulation layer formed by the photothermal conversion material effectively slows the cooling rate of water within the pipe. The results of the evaluation show that if photothermal conversion material is used as insulation in the long-distance district heating pipeline in Taikoo and Lvliang cities, the daily operating cost savings would be 1,226.5 CNY/d and 2,147 CNY/d, respectively. The long-distance district heating pipeline in the two cities could offset the additional cost of photothermal conversion material over an ordinary insulation layer in 698.92 days and 886.31 days, respectively. This study provides technical support for the application of solar energy in heating pipe insulation.
研究领域:
能源科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 1.9
Qianqian Lv,Chuanshuo Wang,Xiaoxuan Xu,Xiaofang Lv,Wen Xia,Jinru Shang,Aokai Qin,Qianli Ma,Yang Liu,Shidong Zhou,Jimiao Duan
Drag reducers have become a common method for reducing resistance and increasing transportation efficiency in pipeline transportation of waxy crude oil. The prominent heat transfer weakening effect of drag reducers may impact the deposition of waxy oil. This study uses cold finger experiments to clarify wax deposition characteristics and mechanisms in drag-reduced waxy oil. The wax deposition mass and components are examined under different temperatures, stirring rates, drag reducer dosages, and types. The results show that a low dosage of drag reducer at high stirring rates can simultaneously reduce the total wax deposition and the overall wax content in high waxy oil. 5 mg/kg drag reducer can reduce total wax deposition by up to 15.66% and overall wax content by 7.26%. A systematic investigation reveals that adding drag reducers changes the carbon number distribution in the wax deposition layer. This change is similar to the effect of increasing wall temperature. The heat insulation and transfer weakening effects of drag-reducing fluids are likely the main mechanisms inhibiting the increase in wax deposition mass and wax content. The heat insulation effect reduces the temperature gradient near the pipe wall, while the transfer weakening effect decreases radial heat transfer. However, under low stirring rates and high dosages, the deposition mass of the drag-reduced waxy oil system increases, with the adhesive effect of polymer-type drag reducers becoming more pronounced. These findings provide a foundation for optimizing drag reducer usage in waxy crude oil pipelines, potentially leading to significant energy savings and improved operational efficiency.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
化学工程
·
流体力学
·
传热学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2020
·
IF 6.551
Wenting Lin,Zhishan Huang,Shiyu Gao,Zhifeng Luo,Wenxuan An,Ping Li,Senwen Ping,Yuan Ren
Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) is considered as an effective tool for monitoring drug consumption, which is often obtained by back-calculation using the influent concentration and other parameters of wastewater treatment plants . Lack of information on the transformation of drugs in municipal wastewater and sewers may lead to inaccurate consumption estimation. Fourteen prescription drugs in four major categories of diseases (cardiovascular, diabetes, depression, and asthma) were selected to study their adsorption and biodegradation in wastewater and biofilm sewers under different temperatures, pH and biofilms conditions. The result demonstrated that the decay percentage of drugs in wastewater is increased with temperature. Within 72 h, eleven of these 14 drugs, such as metformin, metoprolol, bezafibrate, etc., have decay percentages below 20% in wastewater, which are considered as stable drugs; and the decay percentages of the other three, monluster, paroxetine, and sertraline, are greater than 20%, which are the most unstable drugs. In lab-scale aerobic and anaerobic sewers, the decay percentages of metformin, glipizide, metoprolol, gemfibrozil, and atorvastatin are less than 20% within 24 h. The decay percentages of venlafaxine, citalopram, fluoxetine, salmeterol, and salbutamol within 24 h are 20%–60% and paroxetine and sertraline are close to or even exceed 80% within 6 h. Biodegradation of drugs in sewers with aerobic or anaerobic biofilms is higher than that in wastewater systems without biofilms. The results showed that when the per capita consumption of drugs is estimated by using the WBE method, the stability of drugs in wastewater and different types of sewers will significantly affect their residual concentrations.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·
IF 1.5
Fengshuang Han,Zhili Gong,Rui Wang,Sufang Dang
In this manuscript, the ability of (5-Benzoyl-1H-benzimidazol-2-yl) carbamicacidmethylester (mebendazole, MBD) as an inhibitor of corrosion on 5Cr pipeline steel in HCl medium was explored. Corresponding electrochemical tests, immersion tests and other experiments were designed, and at the same time, the ability of mebendazole to inhibit corrosion of 5Cr steel in HCl medium was screened and proved by means of molecular weight simulation calculation analysis process, and its possible anticorrosion mechanism was also revealed. Electrochemical test results show that mebendazole can successfully prevent 5Cr steel from dissolving in HCl medium, and the inhibition efficiency is particularly significant with the increase of mebendazole content. According to the electrochemical impedance test, the highest corrosion inhibition efficiency ( η ) can reach 94.4 %. The results of immersion weight loss experiment are highly consistent with the electrochemical test data and SEM electron microscope morphology. From the theoretical calculation results, it can be found that under neutral conditions and protonated mebendazole molecules have lower energy gaps and higher dipole moments in solvated and unsolvated environments, and can Parallel adsorption on the metal surface, which also corresponds to its efficient corrosion inhibition performance. In addition, through comparison, it is found that the protonated mebendazole molecule under solvation conditions has the highest binding energy, that is, it is the easiest to interact with 5Cr steel and presents the best anti-corrosion performance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
防腐蚀工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2016
·
IF 5.31
Guilin He,Cong Li,Tuqiao Zhang,Jingguo Zhao,Virender K. Sharma,Leslie Cizmas
Chloramination of bisphenol A (BPA) in a pilot-scale water distribution system (WDS) was investigated to assess factors that influence degradation rate and degradation products. In deionized water (DW) and in the WDS, complete degradation of BPA after chloramination required >9 h. At Cl/N mass ratios of 3, 4 or 6, the degradation rate was appreciably greater in the WDS than in the DW. In both the DW and WDS, the bromide ion concentration had little influence on BPA degradation. The BPA degradation rate was greatly affected by pH and temperature in both the DW and in the WDS. The rate of BPA degradation by chloramination increased with increasing flow velocity, but the increase was limited. The BPA degradation rate in different pipes followed the order: ductile iron pipe > polyethylene (PE) pipe > stainless steel pipe. Twelve specific degradation products of BPA that were produced following chloramination were tentatively identified, with 2-chloro-BPA as the main byproduct. One nitrogenous byproduct produced following chloramination was detected for the first time, and appeared at 15 min, indicating that nitrogen from the chloramine participated in the BPA degradation reaction at the beginning of the experiment. In the presence of chloramines and BPA, the formation of trihalomethanes (THMs), haloacetic acids (HAAs) and halogenated nitromethane (HNMs) occurred primarily in the initial 3 h. The intermediates of BPA that were formed during chloramination had relatively little influence on THM, HAA and HNM formation. The degradation pathways for BPA during chloramination in the WDS are proposed.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理工程
·
化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENERGY & FUELS
·
2021
·
IF 3.605
Penghao Guo,Guangchun Song,Yuanxing Ning,Yuxing Li,Wuchang Wang
In deepwater oil and gas transportation processes, natural gas hydrates (NGHs) can form easily in pipelines considering the suitable temperature and pressure conditions and therefore lead to pipeline plugging. In water- and wax-containing oil systems, waxes can coexist with hydrates and thus contribute to even more severe challenges to deepwater pipeline flow assurance. In the present work, to investigate the effects of wax on hydrate growth at the oil–water interface, several micro experiments were performed in an atmospheric visual cell. According to the micro experimental phenomena, the morphology, porosity, wetness, and growth rate of the hydrate shell were studied and the effects of wax on hydrate growth were investigated. In experiments, two kinds of hydrate shells with different morphologies, porosities, and amounts of wetness were observed. Wax was found to have little effect on the morphology of the hydrate shell. However, wax molecules could remarkably influence the shape of the hydrate shell when the wax content ranged from 1 to 2 wt %. Moreover, wax molecules and crystals can influence the hydrate shell growth rate in terms of interfacial tension, medium concentration, mass/heat transfer resistance, and nucleation sites. The results in this work could provide guidance for hydrate management in wax-containing systems.
研究领域:
石油工程
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Geomechanics and Geophysics for Geo-Energy and Geo-Resources
·
2023
·Vol. 9
·期 1
·1-13
·
IF 5
Fengxiao Wang,Jinzhang Jia,Xiuyuan Tian
Methane explosions threaten the safety of industrial security in modern society. To suppress such explosions, experiments were made through using different masses of bentonite power driven by CO 2 within a pipe network set up in an independent way. The three factors, including the peak over-pressure of an explosion, the index of the explosion power, and the time length within which the first wave of flames reached the pipe network’s outlet, were measured to evaluate the performance. Moreover, an analysis on the mechanism of suppressing explosions was also conducted. According to the results, a gradual increase of the powder mass from 20 to 50 g could promote the effect of explosion suppression, but a further increase from50 g to 60 g only led to a slight improvement of the performance. Thus, it was concluded that the use of 50 g of bentonite powder worked best for the suppression of methane explosions when environmental conservation, energy saving as well as practicality were all taken into consideration. What was found in this study is supposed to shed theoretical light on how to transport methane safely with disaster risks reduced effectively.
研究领域:
安全工程
·
能源科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER
·
2023
·
IF 4.6
Shuofeng Liang,Shuxiu Li,Chenrui Yuan,Chengwei Liu,Jiahui Chen,Si Wu
The development of healable polymers is crucial for the maintenance of underground pipeline systems during trenchless rehabilitation. While photocurable resins are commercial materials for this purpose, we introduce an innovative option: azobenzene-containing polymers (azopolymers) with photoinduced reversible solid-to-liquid transitions. The newly developed azopolymer comprises a methacrylate backbone and side chains incorporating hexyl spacers, azobenzene moieties, and dodecyl tails. We compared the thermal stability, efficiency of photoinduced solid-to-liquid transition, and adhesive strength among azopolymers with varying molecular weights . Subsequently, we identified the most suitable azopolymer for PVC pipe lining . The robust trans azopolymer inner layer maintains a solid state at ambient temperatures. Upon pipe damage, UV irradiation triggers trans -to- cis isomerization , leading to the conversion of the solid trans azopolymer into a liquid cis state. This flowing cis azopolymer effectively repairs cracks and can be reverted to its trans isomer via visible light irradiation or thermal relaxation. Unlike commercial photocurable resins, the developed azopolymers offer the advantage of multiple repair cycles. This study highlights the potential of azopolymers with photoinduced reversible solid-to-liquid transitions as innovative healable materials in trenchless rehabilitation technology.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
土木工程
·
高分子化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）