Journal of Integrative Agriculture
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2026
·
IF 4.4
Xiaolan Liu,Zhuang Zhang,Kaixin Li,Zanrong Wen,Wei Xu,Huiwen Tan,Xichao Hu,Lei Guo
The whitefly, Bemisia tabaci , is a major agricultural pest that has developed resistance to a broad range of insecticides. Despite the promising efficacy of cyantraniliprole (CYA) against B . tabaci , medium to high levels of resistance have emerged after prolonged field use. However, the mechanisms driving CYA resistance remain poorly understood. In this study, four B . tabaci strains exhibiting 24.9-fold to 28.9-fold resistance ratio to CYA were investigated. Synergist assays and enzyme activity measurements indicated cytochrome P450 enzymes contribute to this resistance. RNA sequencing and RT-qPCR analysis identified five P450 genes ( CYP305H2, CYP6EM1, CYP3133D3, CYP3133D5 , and CYP3133E2 ) as significantly overexpressed in resistant strains. Targeted silencing of these genes led to a 22.3% to 50.3% increase in CYA toxicity. The metabolic rates of these P450 enzymes against CYA were 2.5- to 6.0-fold higher than that in the control group within two hours. These results provide new insights into the molecular basis of CYA resistance in B . tabaci and highlight the pivotal role of cytochrome P450 enzymes in metabolic adaptation to diamide insecticides.
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高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.2
Xiudao Yu,Benjamin J Hunt,Shuchao Wang,Bartlomiej J Troczka,Chaozhi Shangguan,Wenhong Zhu,Yinhui Kuang,Chris Bass
BACKGROUND The turnip aphid Lipaphis erysimi is a cruciferous crop pest with the potential to reduce yields by up to 90%. Treatment of L. erysimi infestations using insecticides has resulted in numerous cases of resistance in field populations yet genomic resources are lacking for this species, limiting the ability of researchers to investigate the molecular basis of resistance and develop management strategies. RESULTS Here we describe the creation of a chromosome scale genome assembly for L. erysimi and the characterization of fenpropathrin resistance in this species using multi-omics analysis. A 409 Mb genome was assembled for L. erysimi , with an N50 of 95.2 Mb and 90% of assembled content contained within four chromosome-scale scaffolds. We identified a key M903L mutation in a voltage-gated sodium channel gene that is targeted by fenpropathrin and the accompanying up-regulation of cytochrome P450 and UDP-glycosyltransferase detoxification genes. Using transgenic flies, we further confirmed the ability of L. erysimi CYP4CJ1 to confer fenpropathrin resistance in vivo . CONCLUSION Mechanisms for fenpropathrin resistance in L. erysimi were identified through multi-omics analysis and functional characterization. Collectively, this study provides valuable genomic resources for molecular investigations of L. erysimi and establishes a foundation for developing novel strategies to enhance pyrethroid efficacy in this species. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.
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PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4
Hong-Shuang Li,Pin-Xuan Lin,Meng-Zhen Wang,Bei-Bei Dong,Cong-Fen Gao,Shun-Fan Wu
The study focuses on monitoring insecticide resistance and identifying ryanodine receptor (RyR) mutations in the rice leafroller, Cnaphalocrocis medinalis —a destructive migratory pest threatening Asian rice production. Conducted between 2023 and 2025, it evaluated resistance in 37 field populations (collected from 8 major rice-growing provinces in China) to 10 insecticides via standardized rice seedling dip bioassays, and analyzed RyR target-site mutations (I4712M and Y4621C) linked to diamide resistance. Chlorantraniliprole showed severe resistance (RR = 60.4–253.4-fold; 66.7 % of populations with high-level resistance), while tetrachlorantraniliprole (RR = 22.1–76.3-fold) and tetraniliprole (RR = 23.4–114.8-fold) exhibited moderate resistance. Abamectin (RR = 11.2–60.4-fold) and emamectin benzoate (RR = 4.3–52.5-fold) had moderate resistance; spinetoram ranged from low to moderate resistance (RR = 2.9–16.9-fold), and spinosad remained sensitive to low-resistance (RR = 1.3–6.1-fold). Group 22A insecticides (indoxacarb, metaflumizone) and the organophosphate chlorpyrifos retained high efficacy (RR < 5), with no significant resistance detected. RyR mutations (I4712M, Y4621C) were identified in chlorantraniliprole-resistant populations. The I4712M mutation was fixed at 100 % in highly resistant populations (e.g., YZ24, LZ24) and showed a strong positive correlation with chlorantraniliprole resistance, confirming its role in reducing diamide binding affinity. Synergist assays (using PBO, TPP, DEM) revealed high-level chlorantraniliprole resistance was primarily driven by target-site mutations (not metabolic detoxification) and three synergists have no significant synergistic effect on emamectin benzoate and abamectin. Urgent restrictions on diamide use in high-resistance regions, rotation with alternative mode-of-action insecticides (e.g., indoxacarb, metaflumizone), and implementation of integrated resistance management (IRM) strategies are advised.
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高影响因子
PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 79
·期 1
·125-133
·
IF 4.462
Bin Zeng,Ya-Ting Liu,Ze-Rui Feng,Fu-Rong Chen,Shun-Fan Wu,Chris Bass,Cong-Fen Gao
Background Buprofezin, an insect growth regulator, has been widely used to control brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens , one of the most destructive pests of rice crops in Asia. The intensive use of this compound has resulted in very high levels of resistance to buprofezin in the field, however, the underpinning mechanisms of resistance have not been fully resolved. Results Insecticide bioassays using the P450 inhibitor piperonyl butoxide significantly synergized the toxicity of buprofezin in two resistant strains of BPH (BPR and YC2017) compared to a susceptible strain (Sus), suggesting P450s play a role in resistance to this compound. Whole transcriptome profiling identified 1110 genes that were upregulated in the BPR strain compared to the Sus strain, including 13 cytochrome P450 genes, eight esterases and one glutathione S -transferase. Subsequently, qPCR validation revealed that four of the P450 genes, CYP6ER1vA , CYP6CW1 , CYP4C77 , and CYP439A1 were significantly overexpressed in both the BRP and YC2017 strains compared with the Sus strain. Further functional analyses showed that only suppression of CYP6ER1vA , CYP6CW1 , and CYP439A1 gene expression by RNA interference significantly increased the toxicity of buprofezin against BPH. However, only transgenic Drosophila melanogaster expressing CYP6ER1vA and CYP439A1 exhibited significant resistance to buprofezin. Finally, the BPR strain was found to exhibit modest but significant levels of resistance to acetamiprid, dinotefuran and pymetrozine. Conclusions Our findings provide strong evidence that the overexpression of CYP6ER1vA and CYP439A1 contribute to buprofezin resistance in BPH, and that resistance to this compound is associated with low-level resistance to acetamiprid, dinotefuran and pymetrozine. These results advance understanding of the molecular basis of BPH resistance to buprofezin and will inform the development of management strategies for the control of this highly damaging pest. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Agronomy-Basel
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 1
·216
·
IF 3.7
Guangtao Zhu,Hao Wang,Haitao Gao,Ying Liu,Jun Li,Zhike Feng,Liyao Dong
Italian ryegrass (Lolium multiflorumL.), a cross-pollinated grass, is gradually becoming a predominant weed in wheat fields in China and is evolving resistance to many groups of herbicides. The aim of this study is to determine the resistance levels of a singleL. multiflorumpopulation from a wheat field in Henan Province China, to three modes of action (MoAs) of herbicides and to further characterize the potential resistance mechanisms. ThisL. multiflorumpopulation evolved multiple herbicide resistances to pyroxsulam [acetolactate synthase (ALS)], pinoxaden [acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)] and isoproturon [photosystem II (PSII)]. Target-site resistance (TSR) mutations (Pro-197-Gln, Pro-197-Thr, and Trp-574-Leu) and non-target-site resistance (NTSR) mediated by cytochrome P450 monooxygenase (CYP450) genes were associated with pyroxsulam resistance. Pinoxaden resistance was conferred by two TSR mutations, which referred to a rare Ile-2041-Val mutation and a common Ile-1781-Leu mutation but with two different nucleotide substitutions (CTA/TTA). CYP450- and glutathione-S-transferase (GST)-mediated resistances were the main resistance mechanisms for this multiple herbicide-resistant (MHR) population to the PSII inhibitor isoproturon. This is the first case of a singleL. multiflorumpopulation evolving multiple resistance to three herbicide MoAs (ALS, ACCase and PSII) in China. Diverse resistance mechanisms including TSR and NTSR meanL. multiflorumexhibits a high degree of resistance plasticity.Keywords:Lolium multiflorumL.;pyroxsulam;pinoxaden;isoproturon;multiple herbicide resistance;TSR;CYP450;GST
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 79
·期 2
·833-844
·
IF 4.462
Kaixin Li,Jiantao Liu,Ziqiong Geng,Wei Xu,Zhuang Zhang,Dong Chu,Lei Guo
BACKGROUND Bemisia tabaci (Gennadius) is a serious agricultural pest worldwide. Neonicotinoids are the most important new class of synthetic insecticides used in the management of B. tabaci . However, B. tabaci populations have developed resistance to various active ingredients in neonicotinoids following long-term and widespread application. RESULTS Dinotefuran exhibited high toxicity against most B. tabaci field populations. One population (Din-R) with a high level of resistance to dinotefuran (255.6-fold) was first identified in the field. The Din-R population exhibited medium to high levels of resistance to all the tested neonicotinoid insecticides and a high level of resistance to spinetoram. Genetic inheritance analysis revealed that resistance to dinotefuran was incompletely recessive and polygenic. The synergist piperonyl butoxide significantly increased the toxicity of dinotefuran to Din-R. P450 activity in the Din-R population was 2.19-fold higher than in the susceptible population. RNA-sequencing analysis showed that 12 P450 genes were significantly upregulated in the Din-R population, of which CYP6DW5 , CYP6JM1 and CYP306A1 were found to exhibit more than 3.00-fold higher expression in Din-R when using a reverse transcription quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Expression of eight P450 genes was obviously induced by dinotefuran, and CYP6DW5 showed the highest expression level. After knockdown of CYP6DW5 in Din-R, the toxicity of dinotefuran increased significantly. CONCLUSION P450 had a crucial role in dinotefuran resistance in B. tabaci , and CYP6DW5 was involved in the resistance. These results provide important information for the management of resistance in B. tabaci and improve our understanding of the resistance mechanism of dinotefuran. © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2023
·
IF 8.9
Jie Liu,Kai Sun,Rui Zhu,Xun Wang,Michael Gatheru Waigi,Shunyao Li
Bisphenol A (BPA) is a ubiquitous endocrine disruptor that poses adverse human health risks. Herein, biotransformation kinetics, products, and mechanisms of BPA undergoing a laccase-producing Trametes hirsuta La-7 metabolism were for the first time reported. Strain La-7 could completely biotransform ≤0.5 mmol·L −1 BPA within 6 d in vivo . Notably, its extracellular crude laccase solution (ECLS) and intracellular homogenized mycelium (HM) only required 6 h to convert 85.71% and 84.24% of 0.5 mmol·L −1 BPA in vitro , respectively. The removal of BPA was noticeably hampered by adding a cytochrome P-450 inhibitor (piperonyl butoxide) in HM, disclosing that cytochrome P-450 monooxygenase participated in BPA oxidation and metabolism. BPA intermediates were elaborately identified by high-resolution mass spectrometry (HRMS) combined with 13 C stable isotope ratios (BPA: 13 C 12 -BPA = 0.25: 0.25, molar concentration). Based on the accurate molecular mass, isotope labeling difference, and relative intensity ratio of product peaks, 6 versatile metabolic mechanisms of BPA, including polymerization, hydroxylation, dehydration, bond cleavage, dehydrogenation , and carboxylation in vivo and in vitro , were confirmed. Germination index values revealed that inoculating strain La-7 in a BPA-contaminated medium presented no phytotoxicity to the germinated radish ( Raphanus sativus L.) seeds. In vivo , Mg 2+ , Fe 2+ , Fe 3+ , and Mn 2+ were conducive to BPA removal, but Cd 2+ and Hg 2+ significantly obstructed BPA elimination. Additionally, strain La-7 also exhibited high-efficiency metabolic ability toward estrone (E1), 17 β -estradiol (E2), and 17 α -ethinylestradiol (EE2), with more than 96.13%, 96.65%, and 100% of E1, E2, and EE2 having been converted, respectively. Our findings provide an environmentally powerful laccase-producing fungus to decontaminate endocrine disruptor-contaminated water matrices by radical polymerization and oxidative decomposition.
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JOURNAL OF PEST SCIENCE
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2023
·Vol. 96
·期 3
·1213-1227
·
IF 4.8
Zhang Yan-Chao,Yu Zhi-Tao,Gao Yang,Ye Wen-Nan,Peng Yu-Xuan,Zhang Shuai,Gao Cong-Fen
The brown planthopper (BPH), Nilaparvata lugens (Stål), is a major insect pest of rice in Asia and is mainly controlled with insecticides. Dinotefuran has been commercialized for control of N. lugens in China since 2013; however, the characteristics and mechanisms of resistance to dinotefuran are still unclear. Here, we conducted a long-term (from 2013 to 2021) and large geographical scale (11 provinces) resistance monitoring program for dinotefuran in the BPH in China. Before 2020, field populations of N. lugens have developed moderate resistance to dinotefuran, while since 2020, most field populations of N. lugens have developed high resistance. To develop a better resistance management strategy, a dinotefuran-resistant (Din-R) strain of N. lugens was selected in the laboratory to investigate the inheritance, possible mechanisms of resistance and potential fitness costs. This Din-R strain developed resistance to imidacloprid, nitenpyram and thiamethoxam. The dinotefuran resistance was controlled by multiple genes. RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated suppression of NlCYP6ER1 , NlCYP6CS1 and NlCYP314A1 expression increased the susceptibility of N. lugens to dinotefuran. Transgenic lines of Drosophila melanogaster expressing NlCYP6ER1 or NlCYP314A1 were less susceptible to all four neonicotinoids. Furthermore, the Din-R strain had a relative fitness of 0.64 with a substantially decreased survival rate, emergence rate and fecundity. Collectively, our results showed that dinotefuran resistance was mediated by multiple CYP genes. The high expression of these genes was related to the cross-resistance of N. lugens to other neonicotinoids. This study provided valuable information for facilitating the development of neonicotinoids resistance management strategies.
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Biology-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 11
·期 12
·1718
·
IF 5.168
Muhammad Hafeez,Xiaowei Li,Farman Ullah,Zhijun Zhang,Jinming Zhang,Jun Huang,Limin Chen,Junaid Ali Siddiqui,Xiaoyun Ren,Shuxing Zhou,Muhammad Imran,Mohammed A. Assiri,Myron P. Zalucki,Yonggen Lou,Yaobin Lu
Simple SummaryThe fall armyworm (FAW),Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. Smith), is a voracious insect pest native to the Western Hemisphere, particularly in South America. The polyphagous fall armyworm feeds on more than 350 plants in such families, including Poaceae, Asteraceae, and Fabaceae. Transgenic plants that expressBacillus thuringiensisproteins (Bt plants) and synthetic insecticides are the main tactics to controlSpodoptera frugiperda, although widespread usage of synthetic chemicals has resulted in the emergence of resistance. We assessed cross-resistance, resistance mechanism, and fitness costs based on the life history traits ofSpodoptera frugiperda. Results indicated that after 24 generations of selection, the resistance to indoxacarb was increased by 472.67-fold as compared to the Ind-UNSEL. Significantly longer developmental time of larvae extended pupal duration, shorter adult longevity, and lower fecundity were observed in Ind-SEL as compared with the Ind-UNSEL population. Butoxide synergist increased susceptibility to indoxacarb, indicating that P450 enzymes may be involved in indoxacarb resistance. Therefore, it is crucial that we comprehend how insecticides work and how resistance develops in order to develop techniques for managing resistance. These data are valuable to understand the indoxacarb resistance mechanism and provides vital information for scientific-based guidance of pest management decisions.AbstractThe fall armyworm,Spodoptera frugiperda(J.E. Smith), is a voracious insect pest that is difficult to control due to resistance to insecticides and Bt proteins. We assessed cross-resistance, resistance mechanism, and fitness costs based on the life history traits ofS. frugiperda. We established anS. frugiperdastrain selected for resistance to indoxacarb (Ind-SEL) from a field-collected population and an unselected strain, Ind-UNSEL. Results indicated that after 24 generations of selection, the resistance to indoxacarb was increased by 472.67-fold as compared to the Ind-UNSEL. There was high cross-resistance to deltamethrin (31.23-fold) with very low or negligible cross-resistance to chlorantraniliprole, emamectin benzoate, and/or methoxyfenozide in the Ind-SEL population. Butoxide synergist increased susceptibility to indoxacarb, indicating that P450 enzymes may be involved in indoxacarb resistance. Significantly longer developmental time of larvae extended pupal duration, shorter adult longevity, and lower fecundity were observed in Ind-SEL as compared with the Ind-UNSEL population. The Net reproductive rate (R0) was the only growth parameter that differs between crosses of Ind-SEL♂ × Ind-UNSEL♀ (176 ± 46) and Ind-SEL♀ × Ind-UNSEL♂ (328 ± 57). On the other hand, all population growth parameters differ between Ind-SEL and Ind-UNSEL strains. Our work contributes to the growing body of research that demonstrates the importance of strain genetics in fitness cost experiments and helps resistance management programs make decisions.Keywords:Spodoptera frugiperda;indoxacarb selection;cross-resistance;inheritance of resistance;fitness cost
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Agronomy-Basel
·
2022
·Vol. 12
·期 11
·2724
·
IF 3.949
Qian Yang,Xia Yang,Jinlei Zhu,Tian Wei,Min Lv,Yongfeng Li
A population ofEchinochloa crus-galli(L.) P. Beauv obtained from direct-seeding rice fields in Jiangxi Province, China, exhibited high resistance levels (13.5-fold) to the acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACCase)-inhibiting herbicide cyhalofop-butyl. Compared with the susceptible (S) population, this resistant (R) population evolved a cross-resistance to aryloxyphenoxypropionates (APPs) herbicides metamifop (2.9-fold) and fenoxapro-p-ethyl (4.1-fold), cyclohexanediones (CHDs) herbicide clethodim (4.7-fold), phenyl pyrazoline (DEN) herbicide pinoxaden (6.4-fold), and evolved multiple-resistance to acetolactate synthase (ALS)-inhibiting herbicide penoxsulam (3.6-fold), and auxin mimic herbicides quinclorac (>34.7-fold) and florpyrauxifen-benzyl (2.4-fold).ACCasegene sequencing did not reveal the existence of any known mutation point conferring with herbicide resistance. In addition, three metabolic inhibitors—one glutathione—S-transferase (GST) inhibitor (NBD-Cl), and two cytochrome P450 inhibitors (malathion and PBO)—did not reverse the cyhalofop-butyl resistance. Furthermore, enhanced metabolic rates of more than 60% 24 h after treatment with the active compound cyhalofop acid was observed in R plants compared to S plants. Hence, enhanced metabolism activity endows a non-target-site resistance to cyhalofop-butyl in the R population ofE. crus-galli. Future research will be required to determine what metabolizing enzyme genes are responsible for cyhalofop-butyl resistance inE. crus-galli.Keywords:resistance mechanisms;metabolism;cyhalofop-butyl;Echinochloa crus-galli;resistance pattern;multiple-resistance
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PEST MANAGEMENT SCIENCE
·
2022
·Vol. 78
·期 7
·2851-2859
·
IF 4.462
Shuirong Zhang,Fuchuan Gu,Ying Du,Xuyang Li,Changwei Gong,Jian Pu,Xuemei Liu,Xuegui Wang
BACKGROUND Laodelphax striatellus (Fallén) (Hemiptera: Delphacidae) is one of the most important insect pests of rice, and it has been able to develop strong resistance to many insecticides. Triflumezopyrim, a new type of mesoionic insecticide developed by Corteva Agriscience, showed high biological activity in controlling piercing-sucking insect pests such as planthopper and leafhopper. RESULTS In this study, we continuously selected a susceptible laboratory stain (Unsel) of L. striatellus for 16 generations by exposing it to triflumezopyrim in the laboratory. A 45.1-fold triflumezopyrim-resistant strain (Tri-sel) was established, in which cross-resistance to nitenpyram and acetamiprid was not detected. The realized heritability ( h 2 ) of the Tri-sel strain was estimated at 0.13. The mortalities of the testing F 1 (the offspring of a cross between Unsel and Tri-sel strains) suggested that the resistance of L. striatellus to triflumezopyrim was autosomal and incompletely dominant, as well as a polygenic inheritance. In addition, the results of synergist experiment showed that P450s potentially contributed to the triflumezopyrim resistance. The activities of detoxification enzymes in the Unsel and Tri-sel strains indicated that the activity of P450s in the Tri-sel strain was significantly increased, consistent with the results of synergist experiments. Furthermore, 12 P450 genes demonstrated significant up-regulation. CONCLUSIONS L. striatellus has a certain risk of resistance to triflumezopyrim after continuous selection. Triflumezopyrim resistance did not result in cross-resistance to neonicotinoid insecticides. The up-regulation of multiple P450 genes may mediate triflumezopyrim resistance in L. striatellus . © 2022 Society of Chemical Industry.
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PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 4.966
Ming-yang Li,Chang-wei Gong,Yun-zheng Zhang,Xia Zhao,Yan Jia,Jian Pu,Xue-mei Liu,Xiang Xu,Xue-gui Wang
Chilo suppressalis Walker (Lepidoptera: Crambidae) is one of the most destructive pests occurring in the rice-growing regions of Asia. Parasitoids , mainly egg parasitoids , have been of interest for several years even with practical used cases. Therefore, the potential impact of insecticides on natural enemies needs great attention. In this study, chlorantraniliprole was evaluated for its impact on C. suppressalis and two dominant parasitic wasps . Bioassays showed that chlorantraniliprole had negligible toxicity to Eriborus terebrans but was significantly toxic to Chelonus munakatae ; the mortality exceeded 50% when the concentration reached 46.83 ng/cm 2 . Enzyme assays suggested that the significantly different carboxylesterase activity may be involved in the high-level detoxification metabolism of E. terebrans . According to the results of enzyme gene correlation analysis, P450s may be the dominant factor in the detoxification metabolism of C. munakatae . In addition, the ryanodine receptor C-terminus of C. suppressalis (CsRyR), C. munakatae (CmRyR) and E. terebrans (EtRyR) were successfully cloned. Different amino acids at resistance mutation I4758 M between susceptible C. suppressalis (I) and parasitic wasps (M) may be related to susceptibility differences. Simulated docking showed that CsRyR and CmRyR can interact with chlorantraniliprole but not EtRyR. More interaction forces were formed between CsRyR and chlorantraniliprole than CmRyR. Furthermore, a Pi-Pi T-shape formed between 73PHE in CsRyR and the benzene ring in chlorantraniliprole. These results indicated that both detoxification metabolism and the target site could mediate the susceptibility difference between C. suppressalis and its parasitic wasps.
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