MOLECULES
·
2020
·Vol. 25
·期 16
·3749
·
IF 3.267
Xindan Liu,Ying Zhang,Menghua Wu,Zhiguo Ma,Hui Cao
Schizonepetae Spica (SS) is commonly used for treating colds, fevers, bloody stool and metrorrhagia in China. To treat colds and fevers, traditional Chinese medicine doctors often use raw SS, while to treat bloody stool and metrorrhagia, they usually use Schizonepetae Spica Carbonisata (SSC; raw SS processed by stir-frying until carbonization). However, there have been limited investigations designed to uncover the mechanism of stir-fry processing. In the present study, a method combining gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was developed for the comprehensive analysis of the chemical profiles of SS and SSC samples. Principal component analysis of the GC-MS data demonstrated that there were 16 significant differences in volatile compounds between the SS and SSC samples. The simultaneous quantification of six nonvolatile compounds was also established based on HPLC, and remarkable differences were found between the two products. These changes were probably responsible for the various pharmacological effects of SS and SSC as well as the observed hepatotoxicity. Finally, the mechanisms could be rationalized by deducing possible reactions involved in the transformation of these marker components. This work reports a new strategy to reveal the chemical transformation of SS during stir-fry processing.Keywords:Chinese medicinal material;Schizonepetae Spica;Schizonepetae Spica Carbonisata;stir-frying;marker component;transformation mechanism
研究领域:
中药学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
NATURAL PRODUCT RESEARCH
·
2018
·
IF 1.928
Kaibo Wang,Shanshan Jiang,Te Pu,Liming Fan,Fawu Su,Min Ye
The aim of this work is to explore the possibility of using the phenolic monoterpenes (PMs) as leading compounds with antifungal activity against plant disease. The in vitro antifungal activities of carvacrol and thymol against seven kinds of plant pathogenic fungi were evaluated on mycelium growth rate method, and the results showed that carvacrol and thymol exhibited broad spectrum antifungal activity. Structure requirement for the antifungal activity of PMs was also investigated. The preliminary conclusion was that phenolic hydroxyl and monoterpene were basic structures for the antifungal activity of PMs, and the position of phenolic hydroxyl showed less effect. Ester derivatives of carvacrol and thymol were more effective than carvacrol and thymol against plant pathogenic fungi. We suggested that carvacrol, thymol and their ester derivatives could potentially be used as new fungicide leading compounds.
研究领域:
植物学
·
真菌学
·
农业科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Yun Zhao,Yun-Hai Yang,Min Ye,Kai-Bo Wang,Li-Ming Fan,Fa-Wu Su
In this study, the chemical composition of the essential oil (EO) of Origanum vulgare was characterized, and the antifungal activity of the EO and some individual components against Botrytis cinerea (Y-BC-1) was determined . Twenty-one components were identified by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and gas chromatography–flame ionization detection, constituting 95.7% of the EO. The major components were methyleugenol (16.5%), myristicin (15.6%), carvacrol (15.0%), thymol (9.8%), apioline (9.4%), and (Z)-β-farnesene (8.7%). B. cinerea in vitro mycelial growth and spore germination were strongly inhibited by the EO and two of its main components, thymol and carvacrol. In vivo vapor contact assays, the antifungal activity of the EO at 250 mg/L suppressed the decay of cherry tomatoes 96.39%. Moreover, thymol and carvacrol at 125 mg/L completely suppressed the gray mold. Thus, the EO of O. vulgare is a potentially nontoxic and ecofriendly botanical fungicide for postharvest control of gray mold.
研究领域:
植物学
·
真菌学
·
食品科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine
·
2025
·Vol. 45
·期 5
·1040
·
IF 2.2
Yuanmei ZHANG,Heqing LIU,Shaowen WANG,Lele WANG,Yawen GAO,Rui SUN,Jihui TANG
OBJECTIVE: To investigate whether Jiegeng ( Radix Platycodi , RP) has a Yin - Jing potentiating effect on Jingjie ( Herba Schizonepetae Tenuifoliae, ST). We investigated the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of pulegone, the active ingredient in ST volatile oil, in rats to verify the scientific validity of the Yin - Jing doctrine, the basic theory of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). METHODS: The volatile oil and aqueous extract of ST were extracted by hydrodistillation. RP's aqueous extract underwent aqueous extraction. After individual and co-administration, we conducted pharmacokinetic and tissue distribution studies on Sprague-Dawley male rats. RESULTS: Peak concentration (Cmax), mean retention time from 0 to ∞ (MRT0→∞), and area under the curve (AUC0→10), (AUC0→∞) were 1.51, 1.14, 2.34, and 3.86 times higher in the co-administration group than in the individual administration group, respectively ( P < 0.05). In addition, half-life (T1/2) was significantly prolonged in the co-administration group ( P < 0.05). Meanwhile, the clearance and elimination rate constant (Ke) in the co-administration group were significantly lower than those in the individual administration group, just 50% of those in the individual administration group ( P < 0.05). After co-administration of the drug, the pulegone content in all tissues of the rats was elevated to varying degrees, especially a significant increase in the drug content in lung tissues ( P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: After co-administration, the retention of pulegone in the body was prolonged, the elimination of pulegone from the body was delayed, and the accumulation of pulegone in the lungs was facilitated. Therefore, using RP as a Yin - Jing drug concoction has a significant cumulative effect of inducing upward mobilization and targeting lung tissues.
研究领域:
中药药理学
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药物代谢
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药代动力学
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传统中医药理论
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组织分布
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天然药物化学
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药物相互作用
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PLoS One
·
2020
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·e0227235
·
IF 2.74
Xindan Liu,Ying Zhang,Menghua Wu,Zhiguo Ma,Hui Cao
Schizonepetae Spica (SS), the dried spike of Schizonepeta tenuifolia Briq., is a traditional Chinese medicinal herb. According to the color of persistent calyx, SS is categorized into two classes: the yellowish-green-type and the brownish-type. Based on the chemometrics analysis of gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), a novel model of identifying and evaluating the quality of SS in different colors was constructed for the first time in this work. 20 batches SS samples of different colors were collected and used to extract essential oils. The average essential oils yield of SS in yellowish-green color was significantly higher than that of SS in brownish color from the same origin ( p <0.05). The GC-MS fingerprints of 20 batches SS samples whose correlation coefficients were over 0.964 demonstrated SS samples were consistent to some extent in spite of slightly different chemical indexes. A total of 39 common volatiles compounds were identified. Hierarchical clustering analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA) and partial least-squares discriminate analysis (PLS-DA) were developed to distinguish SS samples characterized by different colors. Consistent results were obtained to show that SS samples could be successfully grouped according to their color. Finally, 4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-3,6-dimethyl-benzofuran and pulegone were detected as the key variables for discriminating SS samples of different colors and for quality control. The obtained results proved that SS of good quality were often yellowish-green and those of poor quality were often brownish.
研究领域:
中药学
·
分析化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Functional Foods
·
2013
·
IF 2.632
Jing-En Li,Shao-Ping Nie,Ming-Yong Xie,Chang Li
A neutral polysaccharide MP-1 was isolated and purified from Mosla chinensis Maxim. cv. Jiangxiangru. The average molecular weight was 587.53 kDa and it was composed of glucose, galactose , arabinose , mannose and rhamnose in a molar ratio of 16.02:10.01:4.92:4.62:2.23, and trace of fucose . Partial characterization of MP-1 was elucidated by methylation analysis. MP-1 was composed of 1,4-Glc p (31.76%), followed by 1,2-Rha p (17.11%), 1,2,4-Rha p (6.47%), 1,3,4-Gal p (5.05%), 1,4-Man p (3.61%), 1,2,4-Man p (2.55%), 1,5-Ara f (3.10%) and 1,4,6-Glc p (1.53%). The branching points were located at O-2, O-4 or O-6 with α-Ara f (4.01%), α-Rha p (4.31%), α-Fuc p (2.39%), β-Gal p (11.02%) and β-Glc p (4.04%) as terminal residues. MP-1 exhibited a dose-dependent enhancement in antioxidant assays in this study. Immunomodulatory effects of MP-1 were assessed by splenocyte proliferation test and nitric oxide production of mouse peritoneal macrophages.
研究领域:
药理学
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免疫学
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生物化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
MOLECULES
·
2022
·Vol. 27
·期 14
·4393
·
IF 4.927
Chao Li,Huiying Wan,Xinlong Wu,Jiaxin Yin,Limin Zhu,Hanjiang Chen,Xinbo Song,Lifeng Han,Wenzhi Yang,Heshui Yu,Zheng Li
Volatile organic compounds (VOCs) are the main chemical components ofSchizonepetae Spica(SS), which have positive effects on the quality evaluation of SS. In this study, HS-SPME-GC-MS (headspace solid-phase microextraction-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) and HS-GC-IMS (headspace-gas chromatography-ion mobility spectrometry) were performed to characterize the VOCs of SS from six different regions. A total of 82 VOCs were identified. In addition, this work compared the suitability of two instruments to distinguish SS from different habitats. The regional classification using orthogonal partial least squares discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) shows that the HS-GC-IMS method can classify samples better than the HS-SPME-GC-MS. This study provided a reference method for identification of the SS from different origins.Keywords:volatile organic compounds;Schizonepetae Spica;HS-SPME-GC-MS;HS-GC-IMS;OPLS-DA
研究领域:
药学化学
·
分析化学
·
中药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CHEMISTRY & BIODIVERSITY
·
2024
·
IF 2.3
Linhong He,Lijuan Zhang,Xi Bai
This study evaluated the effects of three extraction methods, hydrodistillation (HD), steam distillation (SD), and lipophilic solvent extraction (LSE), on the yield, chemical composition, and in vitro / in silico biological activities of Schizonepeta tenuifolia (Benth.) Briq essential oil (STEO). The highest yield of STEO was obtained by HD (0.750±0.040%), followed by SD (0.440±0.020%) and LSE (0.350±0.030%). Although their contents varied, menthone and pulegone predominated in HDEO, SDEO, and LSEO. HDEO displayed the strongest antioxidant ability, with a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) IC50 value of 14.164±0.090 mg/mL and 2,2′-azinobis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonate) (ABTS) value of 0.326±0.023 mg/mL. SDEO demonstrated the highest antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli and HDEO the highest potent anti-inflammatory activity. The molecular docking of menthone and pulegone demonstrated strong binding to inflammatory targets, including prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 1 (PTGS1) and 2 (PTGS2) and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α). In short, the extraction method significantly affected the yield, composition, and biological activity of STEO.
研究领域:
药用植物学
·
精油化学
·
药理学
·
分子生物学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）