JOURNAL OF THE ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2021
·Vol. 168
·期 10
·103508
·
IF 4.316
Donghua Tian,Mingyong Wang,Jingxiu Wang,Jiguo Tu,Shuqiang Jiao
USTB technology is widely considered as a low-cost and environmentally-friendly method for titanium extraction from a consumable TiCxOy anode. It is expected to directly prepare TiCxOy by selective carbothermal reduction of titanium ores, not pure TiO2. However, impurities in titanium ores, particularly Al2O3, may affect the electrochemical dissolution of TiCxOy and Ti extraction. In this work, the effects of Al2O3 impurity on the preparation and dissolution behaviors of Ti2CO are studied. It is found that the existence form of Al2O3 is not changed during carbothermal reduction. With the increase of Al2O3 content, the conductivity of Ti2CO anode slightly decreases from 143.1 to 131.6 S cm−1 and the anodic polarization curves of Ti2CO@Al2O3 shifts to the positive direction due to the increase of dissolution resistances. Al2O3 in Ti2CO@Al2O3 anode will drop into molten salts to form anode slime during USTB process. On both liquid Zn and solid nickel cathodes, Ti is electrodeposited, which is not affected by Al2O3 impurity. Therefore, it is confirmed that typical Al2O3 impurity has no obvious effect on the electrochemical dissolution of Ti2CO anode and Ti extraction. The advanced USTB process is expectedly developed by the selective carbothermal reduction of titanium ores to prepare Ti2CO anode.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOM
·
2021
·Vol. 74
·期 1
·213-221
·
IF 2.474
Deng Pan,Li Liang,Jia Yaoqiang,Liu Dachun,Jiang Wenlong,Kong Lingxin
Aluminum chloride (AlCl 3 ) is an effective chlorinating agent and catalyst for the chlorination of low-grade titanium slag to produce titanium tetrachloride in molten salts. In this paper, the chlorination behavior of low-grade titanium slag by anhydrous AlCl 3 in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt was investigated. Thermodynamic analysis revealed that aluminum chloride can be an effective agent for low-grade titanium slag, and that the addition of NaCl can form a compound molten salt together with AlCl 3 to prevent the evaporation of AlCl 3 .chlorination experiments were conducted on low-grade titanium slag in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt to investigate the effects of temperature and the amounts of aluminum chloride and sodium chloride added. Under optimized experimental conditions, the selective separation of titanium from the titanium slag was effectively achieved, and the extraction rate of titanium reached 79.6%. Other impurity elements in the form of oxides or chlorides remained in the residue. Finally, a reaction mechanism for the extraction of titanium from low-grade titanium slag in AlCl 3 -NaCl molten salt has been proposed.
研究领域:
冶金学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Fundamental Research
·
2022
·
IF 0
Zhenghao Pu,Wei Wang,Zhe Wang,Mingyin Kou,Yiwa Luo,Jianbang Ge,Xin Tao,Mingyong Wang,Shuqiang Jiao
Despite its existence for more than 80 years, the titanium industry is still challenged by massive carbon emissions, high production costs, and large resource waste. More than one hundred million tons of Ti−bearing blast furnace slag (TB−slag) has been discarded in China because of the difficulty of reutilization, which requires efficient titanium extraction and recovery technologies. This paper describes a low−cost, carbon−emission−free method for Ti extraction and oxygen evolution via molten oxide electrolysis (MOE) vacuum distillation. After a comprehensive analysis of the binding energies and activities of liquid metals, the highlights of our study are as follows. 1) Sb has the best preferential deposition of Ti among a series of high−Ti−affinitive liquid metal cathodes (Cu, Ni, Pb, Sn, and Sb). 2) The Ir anode was first used in TB−slag with IrO 2 formed on its surface to protect it from further corrosion. 3) An alloy containing Ti and Ca can be obtained by MOE, and Ti and Ca metals can be refined by further vacuum distillation. 4) A closed loop is formed in the overall process owing to the recyclable Sb cathode and continuous feeding of TB−slag into the electrolyte. This simple, low−cost, and environmentally friendly method can realize the efficient utilization of Ti resources and achieve carbon neutrality.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境工程
·
冶金工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Shijie Li,Qi Wang,Yao Chang,Zhenghao Pu,Yi Lu,Yiwa Luo,Zhe Wang,Wei-Li Song,Wei Wang,Shuqiang Jiao,Dongbai Sun
The molten salt electrolysis method has garnered significant attention for titanium extraction. However, the multi-step reduction and disproportionation reactions of titanium ions severely impact the current efficiency of this process. This study investigated the cathodic behavior of titanium ions on liquid lead (Pb) and zinc (Zn) electrodes in fluoride melts using first-principles calculations and electrochemical analysis. The structure of titanium species in the melt and the reduction mechanism of titanium ions on solid molybdenum (Mo), liquid Zn, and Pb electrodes were elucidated through high-temperature in-situ Raman spectroscopy and experimental analysis. Numerical simulations were employed to analyze the electrolysis process, yielding optimal electrolysis parameters such as current density and overpotential. Electrolysis products were examined through experimental electrolysis and X-ray computer microtomography (x-ray μ-CT) reconstruction, validating the numerical simulation results and confirming the optimal electrolysis parameters. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the scalability of the molten salt electrolysis method for titanium extraction and purification.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Science Advances
·
2025
·Vol. 11
·期 12
·
IF 12.5
Zhiyuan Li,Shuqiang Jiao,Jun Zhu,Shijie Li,Zhaoliang Qu,Xiaodong Chen,Qi Wang,Shanyan Huang,Hao-Sen Chen,Wei-Li Song,Yingjun Liu,Dongbai Sun,Hongmin Zhu,Daining Fang
Electrorefining of low-grade titanium is one of the strategies for achieving high-purity titanium. However, the presence of nonuniform geometric effects would be induced to impact the nonuniform geometric distribution of overpotential, leading to impurity dissolution and nonuniform Ti deposition. Here, in situ high-temperature characterizations on the molten salt electrorefining process are applied to establish an anodic dissolution principle for quantitatively evaluating nonuniform geometric effects of electrode. For eliminating the nonuniform geometric effects, coaxial anode-cathode configurations are designed to promote the nonuniform anodic dissolution and nonuniform cathodic deposition. Consequently, the geometric uniformity of titanium products on the cathodes is substantially enhanced, and thus, long-term stable electrorefining process (~12 hours, ~330% increment compared to the electrode of reference configuration) and highly purified titanium products (99.2%) are achieved.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·Vol. 24
·期 19
·7481-7491
·
IF 11.034
Keyu Zhu,Qifeng Wei,Kang Liu,Huaquan Li,Xiulian Ren
The existing methods for obtaining titanium are harmful as toxic organic solvents must be used. In this paper, three magnetic ionic liquids (MILs) and five hydrophobic deep eutectic solvents (HDESs) were designed and combined for safer extraction of titanium from an HCl leachate of ilmenite (HLI). First, the physicochemical properties including density, viscosity, water content, total organic carbon, and appearance and extraction performance including efficiency, selectivity and reusability of the designed solvents were thoroughly analyzed and compared. Second, the most suitable cation to form MILs for the removal of iron and the best HDES for the extraction of titanium were defined based on sustainable chemistry metrics. The purity of the obtained titanium solution could reach 99.87% after the combined use of the selected MIL and HDES. Finally, toxicity studies on the reagents applied were performed and compared with existing methods.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）