WATER AIR AND SOIL POLLUTION
·
2022
·Vol. 233
·期 6
·1-10
·
IF 2.984
Xu Ying,Zhou Zhengwei,Xue Yingang,Wu Jun
Synthetic musks (SMs), as a group of pharmaceutical and personal care products (PPCPs), have been widely detected in the environment at ng L −1 ~ μg L −1 levels and require our serious attention regarding their presence, toxicity and treatment technologies. In this study, ferrate (Fe 2 O 4 2− , Fe(VI)) was employed to treat two typical SMs, galaxolide (HHCB) and tonalide (AHTN), in water solutions. The treatment efficiencies of trace level HHCB and AHTN compounds (16 μg L −1 each) in individual and mixed solutions by Fe(VI) (0–45 mg L −1 as Fe) at pH 5.5–8.5 were assessed, and oxidation products of both compounds were also investigated by means of solid phase extraction coupled with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (SPE-GC–MS). Results demonstrated that Fe(VI) was more suitable to remove HHCB than AHTN from test solutions. Specifically, when solution pH was 6.5 and Fe(VI) dose was 15–18 mg L −1 as Fe, the removal efficiencies of HHCB and AHTN in individual test solutions were up to 60% and 40%, respectively. Comparatively, much higher Fe(VI) doses were required (up to 38 mg L −1 as Fe) in order to achieve considerable removal efficiencies of both compounds in mixed test solutions. Solution pH played an important role and neutral conditions would benefit the removal of both compounds. In addition, several oxidation products (OPs) of both HHCB and AHTN were identified, and degradation pathways were then tentatively proposed. Finally, engineering aspects of Fe(VI) technology in full-scale water treatment applications were also discussed.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
水处理技术
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
PHYTOMEDICINE
·
2018
·
IF 3.61
Zhi-Shu Tang,Yan-Ru Liu,Yang Lv,Jin-Ao Duan,Shi-Zhong Chen,Jing Sun,Zhong-Xing Song,Xiao-Min Wu,Li Liu
Background Common farming environmental elements, such as longitude, latitude, and altitude, and physiological conditions, such as age and body weight, are thought to influence medicinal animal homeostasis and material quality by altering endocrine functions for primary and secondary metabolite formation. However, the currently available methods for evaluating complex components of traditional Chinese animal medicines have insufficient sensitivity and specificity. Purpose Characterizing the primary/secondary metabolomes of medicinal animals is essential for understanding their material basis, controlling product quality, and reflecting on distribution interactions. Therefore, this study aimed to screen ecological- and physiological-related metabolites in captive Moschus berezovskii throughout the collection period based on the quality marker (Q-marker) concept. Study design and methods Fifty-one musk deer samples from 12 different distribution farms ranging in age from 2 to 11 years were enrolled. Differentially expressed musk metabolites were assessed via chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry technologies. A metabolome that mapped connections among these factors was established using chemometric and topological calculations. Results Statistical analysis revealed that muscone , cis-9-hexadecenal, antioxidant 2264, prasterone-3-sulfate, androstan-17-one, and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid showed significantly altered expression. Partial least squares (PLS) regression analysis of qualified data for these 6 secondary metabolites (active components) demonstrated that age is the most important factor underlying the varying levels of muscone, androstan-17-one and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic acid. Furthermore, weight was the most important factor for cis-9-hexadecenal, longitude was important for antioxidant 2264, latitude was important for prasterone-3-sulfate, and altitude was important for antioxidant 2264, androstan-17-one and 1,2-benzenedicarboxylic. Metabolite analysis within the MetaboAnalyst (MetPA) suite showed that 18 candidate biomarker metabolites were screened, including allantoin , glycine, serine , creatine, alanine , taurine, lactate, 2-oxoglutarate (2-OG), fumarate , proline , xanthine , cytosine , carnitine , arginine, threonine , aspartate , and urea. Metabolic network analysis showed 4 important pathways that were involved: arginine and proline metabolism, the urea cycle , aspartate metabolism, and glycine, serine and threonine metabolism. Conclusion Using this combined metabolomic and chemometric approach, this study was successful in screening Q-markers for musk quality control and provided new insights into correlations among “ecological & physiological factors→Q-markers→metabolites”, which potentially provides crucial information for musk breeding and material quality control.
研究领域:
动物药学
·
代谢组学
·
中药学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Processes
·
2019
·Vol. 7
·期 2
·95
·
IF 1.963
Lili Wang,Xiaowei Liu
Chlorine-incorporating ultraviolet (UV) provides a multiple barrier for drinking water disinfection. Meanwhile, post-UV employment can promote the degradation of micropollutants by radical production from chlorine residual photolysis. This work studied the degradation of one such chemical, tonalide (AHTN), by low-pressure UV-activated free chlorine (FC) under typical UV disinfection dosage of <200 mJ·cm−2and water matrix of filtered tank effluent. AHTN was rapidly degraded by UV/FC in accordance with pseudo-first-order kinetics. The reaction rate constants of AHTN with reactive chlorine species and hydroxyl radical (HO•) were estimated. Mechanistic exploration evidenced that under UV/FC, AHTN degradation was attributable to direct photolysis, ClO•, and HO•. The carbonyl side chain of AHTN served as an important attack site for radicals. Water matrices, such as natural organic matter (NOM),HCO3−,Cu2+,PO43−, andFe2+, showed noticeable influence on the UV/FC process with an order of NOM >HCO3−>Cu2+>PO43−>Fe2+. Reaction product analysis showed ignorable formation of chlorinated intermediates and disinfection byproducts.Keywords:polycyclic musks;degradation mechanism;UV/chlorine advanced oxidation process;water treatment
研究领域:
环境科学
·
化学工程
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2024
·
IF 6.2
Xue Zhang,Xu Wan,Jianhui Zhao,Xiaohua Guo,Zhenxin Wang,Zishan Diao,Wenpeng Li,Yameng Zhao,Xirui Zhao,Weijia Wang,Xiaohan Zhang,Shuguang Wang,Xianzheng Yuan
The widespread utilization of synthetic musks (SMs) in various consumer and personal care products (PCPs) has led to human external exposure through dermal absorption, inhalation of volatile fragrances, and ingestion of contaminated foods, dust, and liquids. Nonetheless, investigations comparing external and internal exposures in humans remain limited in China, particularly regarding internal exposure assessments in blood, which have lacked follow-up over the past decade. In this study, data concerning the concentrations of SMs in 135 blood samples (68 females and 67 males) obtained from residents of Shanghai are provided, representing the sole publication within the last decade on this topic. The findings suggest a potential association between SM concentrations in females and their income and ages. Additionally, the concentrations in blood are higher than in urine, suggesting that relying solely on urine assessments may underestimate health risks associated with internal exposure. Furthermore, data on internal exposure in human fluids reveal SMs' potential transfer to infants via breast milk, posing substantial threat. Noteworthy, we quantify total external exposure across various pathways for Chinese population. Our findings indicate that PCPs are identified as the predominant source of external exposure for adolescents and adults. However, in the case of infants and children, food ingestion, and PCPs dermal absorption make substantial contributions, representing 80.53 % and 16.06 % of the total for infants, and 69.96 % and 22.40 % for children, respectively. Notably, the total estimated daily intake (EDI), derived from urine analysis, falls notably below the total external exposure. While the contribution of each SM exhibits considerable variability, which can be ascribed to the distinct metabolic pathways of these compounds in vivo. Hence, additional research on the metabolism and transformation of SMs in humans is urgently needed for better human health risk assessment in the future.
研究领域:
环境科学
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公共卫生
·
毒理学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Pharmaceutics
·
2025
·Vol. 17
·期 4
·497
·
IF 5.5
Zifan Qiao,Lihua Chen,Mubarak G. Bello,Shiyu Huang
Objective:Muscone (MUS), a primary active component of musk, is known for its significant pharmacological properties. However, its clinical application is limited due to poor water solubility and moderate stability. This study aims to address these limitations by encapsulating MUS within biodegradable γ-cyclodextrin metal–organic frameworks (γ-CD-MOFs) using a solvent-free method to enable oral MUS delivery by improving solubility and stability, pending in vivo validation.Methods:MUS was encapsulated into γ-CD-MOFs using a solvent-free method, achieving an optimal loading rate of 10.6 ± 0.7%. Comprehensive characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Biocompatibility was assessed using RAW264.7 cells, and molecular dynamics simulations were conducted to study the interactions between MUS and γ-CD-MOFs.Results:Characterization techniques confirmed the successful encapsulation of MUS into γ-CD-MOFs. Biocompatibility studies revealed no cytotoxicity, indicating that the system is safe for drug delivery. Molecular dynamics simulations showed that MUS preferentially occupies the large spherical cages of γ-CD-MOFs, driven by non-covalent interactions. Solubility tests and in vitro release studies demonstrated that the solubility of MUS was improved after encapsulation within γ-CD-MOFs. Stability assessments indicated that γ-CD-MOFs significantly enhanced the thermal and photostability of MUS, with high residual amounts remaining under various storage conditions.Conclusions:This study demonstrates the potential of γ-CD-MOFs to solidify MUS, enhance its solubility, and improve its storage stability, providing a foundation for its future use in pharmaceutical applications.
研究领域:
药剂学
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分子动力学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ANALYTICAL AND BIOANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2017
·Vol. 409
·期 22
·5239-5247
·
IF 3.431
Xie Lijun,Liu Shuqin,Han Zhubing,Jiang Ruifen,Zhu Fang,Xu Weiqin,Su Chengyong,Ouyang Gangfeng
The fiber coating is the key part of the solid-phase microextraction (SPME) technique, and it determines the sensitivity, selectivity, and repeatability of the analytical method. In this work, amine (NH 2 )-functionalized material of Institute Lavoisier (MIL)-53(Al) nanoparticles were successfully synthesized, characterized, and applied as the SPME fiber coating for efficient sample pretreatment owing to their unique structures and excellent adsorption properties. Under optimized conditions, the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al)-coated fiber showed good precision, low limits of detection (LODs) [0.025–0.83 ng L -1 for synthetic musks (SMs) and 0.051–0.97 ng L -1 for organochlorine pesticides (OCPs)], and good linearity. Experimental results showed that the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) SPME coating was solvent resistant and thermostable. In addition, the extraction efficiencies of the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) coating for SMs and OCPs were higher than those of commercially available SPME fiber coatings such as polydimethylsiloxane, polydimethylsiloxane–divinylbenzene, and polyacrylate. The reasons may be that the analytes are adsorbed on NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) primarily through π – π interactions, electron donor–electron acceptor interactions, and hydrogen bonds between the analytes and organic linkers of the material. Direct immersion (DI) SPME–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry methods based on NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) were successfully applied for the analysis of tap and river water samples. The recoveries were 80.3–115% for SMs and 77.4–117% for OCPs. These results indicate that the NH 2 -MIL-53(Al) coating may be a promising alternative to SPME coatings for the enrichment of SMs and OCPs.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 43
·期 11
·2240-2246
·
IF 2.878
Chenchen Lin,Guomin Qi,Li Wang,Xucong Lin,Zenghong Xie
A functional stainless steel microextraction fiber easily prepared by in situ growing metal–organic framework UiO-66 was presented and used for high-performance analysis of polycyclic musks. Via the robust Ag-SH bonding reaction, mercaptoacetic acid was easily anchored on Ag film to provide carboxyl group on the stainless steel fiber, then in situ grown UiO-66 was fulfilled via the coordination reaction between Zr 4+ and carboxyl group. Good characteristics including large surface area, high thermal stability, and good adsorption property were achieved. Sensitive detection limits (0.015–0.040 ng/L) were achieved for polycyclic musks by coupling with gas chromatography with mass spectrometry, and it could be stable enough for 150 extraction cycles without a significant loss of extraction efficiency. Compared with the classical commercial fibers, 2.2–11.4 times higher enhancement factors were shown. Applied to the analysis of fortified river water samples, five typical polycyclic musks were well detected with the recoveries of 90.2–101.8%, respectively. It showed a facile approach for preparing stainless steel microextraction fiber via chemically bonding in situ grown metal–organic framework for high-performance enrichment.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 9.231
Ye-Fei Fan,Hai-Long Jiang,Xiang-Feng Chen,Na Li,Xiao-Li Wang,Jin-Ming Lin,Ru-Song Zhao
This study synthesized a conjugated microporous polymer (CMP) at room temperature, which has high surface area, large conjugate system, and nitrogen-rich features. The material was explored as a solid-phase extraction (SPE) column, and it showed a higher extraction efficiency for nitro-musks compared to most commercial columns. Under optimal SPE conditions, a sensitive and efficient method for determining five nitro-musks was established based on gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC–MS). The method showed excellent linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.996), low limits of detection (0.13–0.57 ng·L −1 ), good repeatability (1.1–4.0 %, n = 6) and was applied to the detection of trace nitro-musks in water and milk samples. The mechanism was further discussed combined with a simulation calculation. The advantages of the proposed method were mainly reflected in the extraction efficiency and sensitivity, which also indicated the potential of CMPs as a sample pretreatment material.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FOOD CONTROL
·
2022
·
IF 6.652
Yan Xu,Yiqun Cheng,Zongshuai Zhu,Haoyu Guo,Anthony Pius Bassey,Tianran Huang,Yongqiang Huang,Ming Huang
The effect of different levels (0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05% and 0.10%) of mulberry leaf ( Morus alba L.) extract (MLE) on the formation of free and bound heterocyclic amines (HCAs) in pan-fried muscovy duck ( Cairina moschata ) patties were investigated for the first time. Precursors of HCAs, oxidant index of patties and phenolic composition of MLE were measured. The total free and bound HCAs levels in control samples were 28.37 ng/g and 1935.65 ng/g, and the inhibition rates were 6.71–68.92% and 6.71–14.05% in MLE treatment groups, respectively, and 0.03% showed the strongest inhibitory effect. OPLS-DA result indicated that MeIQ, 8-MeIQx and Norharman were crucial differential compounds in total HCAs. Furthermore, the addition of MLE significantly inhibited the lipid and protein oxidation of patties ( P < 0.05). Fifteen phenolic compounds , mainly flavonoids , were identified by LC-MS. The mitigation of HCAs and oxidation may be attributed to them. Correlation analysis indicated that the total HCAs content was negatively correlated with precursors but positively correlated with oxidation. In conclusion, MLE helped mitigate HCAs formation during muscovy duck processing and appeared to be a viable natural additive for producing healthier processed meat products .
研究领域:
食品科学
·
营养学
·
毒理学
·
药理学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CURRENT NEUROVASCULAR RESEARCH
·
2025
·Vol. 22
·期 1
·70-85
·
IF 1.7
Ziteng Yang,Yuanqi Zuo,Guangyun Wang,Ning Wang
Introduction: The endothelial barrier is composed of brain microvascular endothelial cells (BMECs) and tight junction (TJ) proteins. Musk is a valuable ingredient in Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). It is used in the treatment of stroke because of its ability to induce resuscitation. The core component of musk is muscone. Previous studies have evidenced that muscone may be involved in the treatment of ischemic stroke (IS), but the underlying mechanism is still unclear. The main objective of this study was to explore the protective effect of muscone on OGD/R-induced endothelial barrier disruption and determine its underlying mechanism. Methods: OGD/R-induced damage to BMECs was assessed using the MTT and LDH assays. The apoptosis level in BMECs was determined using western blot and Hoechst staining. Western blot, immunofluorescence, and phalloidin staining were used to assess the expressions of TJ proteins and pathway proteins expression. A monolayer cell barrier was constructed using BMECs in vitro, and the permeability of the barrier was assessed by TEER as well as the transmissivity of sodium fluorescein. Molecular docking, DARTS, and CETSA were used to verify the regulatory effect of muscone on the pathway. Results: Muscone reduced OGD/R-induced apoptosis of BMEC cells, inhibited the degradation of TJ proteins, promoted the coherent expression of ZO-1 on the membrane, and restored TEER. Mechanistic studies showed that H-89 reversed the promoting effects of muscone on pathway proteins and promoted the disassembly of the actin cytoskeleton, which, in turn, promotes BMEC apoptosis and TJ protein degradation, ultimately disrupting the endothelial barrier. Discussion: The inhibition of BMEC apoptosis and improvement of endothelial barrier damage by muscone may be an important mechanism for treating ischemic stroke. Conclusion: We demonstrated that muscone could reduce OGD/R-induced hyperpermeability of the brain endothelial barrier by activating the PKA/RHOA/MLC pathway.
研究领域:
神经科学
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药理学
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中医中药
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细胞生物学
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分子生物学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF CHROMATOGRAPHY A
·
2016
·
IF 3.926
Xiao-Fei Gu,Yue Zhao,Kan Li,Meng-Xiang Su,Fang Yan,Bo Li,Ying-Xiang Du,Bin Di
Structure elucidation of volatile aromatic isomers at trace level has long been considered as an elusive task, due to their structural similarities and similar polarities, even with the aid of many spectroscopic techniques such as mass spectrometry and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. Single-crystal X-ray diffraction (SCD) is recognized as one of the most powerful structural elucidation techniques. The recently developed crystalline sponge method overcomes the intrinsic limitation of SCD that the target molecules must be single crystals, being able to analyze non-crystalline and trace-amount compounds without any special treatment. In order to investigate whether the crystalline sponge method could be used for the structure elucidation of closely related isomers or other volatile and even oily compounds in complex mixtures at trace level, we combined HPLC separation with the crystalline sponge method for X-ray crystallographic analysis. In this paper, two pairs of volatile aromatic isomers including cis / trans isomers of asarone and positional isomers of carvacrol and thymol, as well as the main volatile component in essential oil extracted from Acorus Tatarinowii , were first isolated by HPLC and encapsulated into the crystalline sponge then elucidated by X-ray crystallographic analysis. Direct observation of these volatile compounds by X-ray crystallography was achieved using only microgram quantities without crystallization or derivatization. Unambiguous identification of these compounds was realized without reference standards. This strategy offers a promising platform capable of providing high-confidence detailed structural information of closely related isomers as well as other volatile and even oily compounds in complex mixtures in microgram quantities.
研究领域:
分析化学
·
晶体学
·
药学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Future Foods
·
2025
·Vol. 6
·期 1
·66-72
·
IF 7.2
Hao Zhang,Bin Wu,Yanping Xian,Ming Liang,Yunjian Ma,Yonghua Wang
Musk macrolides are a kind of rare flavors structurally featuring 14−16 membered rings in the flavour and fragrance industry. While various chemical synthesis routes for musk macrolides exist, there is a growing interest in biocatalytic approaches. In this study, a new biocatalytic approach is proposed for the synthesis of musk macrolides from fatty acids using unspecific peroxygenases (UPOs) in combination with lipase. Specifically, the UPO from Marasmius rotula ( Mro UPO) was utilized as an oxidation catalyst together with the choline oxidase from Arthrobacter nicotinate ( An ChOx) for the in situ generation of H 2 O 2 . The enzymatic cascade process involved the hydroxylation of fatty acids using Mro UPO as a catalyst to prepare terminal hydroxylated fatty acids. Under the optimized conditions, 14-hydroxy tetradecanoic acid, 15-hydroxy pentadecanoic acid and 16-hydroxy hexadecanoic acid were obtained at concentrations of 11.1, 18.2 and 17.1 mg/L in a 50-mL reaction system, respectively. These hydroxylated fatty acids were then separated and esterified by lipase Novozymes 435 to produce the desired macrolides. Various ω -hydroxy fatty acids were successfully converted into macrolides, with the concentrations of cyclotetradecanolide, cyclopentadecanolide and cyclohexadecanolide reaching 11, 29 and 23 mg/L, respectively, in a 10-mL reaction system. This new biocatalytic approach represents a promising method for synthesizing valuable natural flavour compounds.
研究领域:
生物催化
·
酶工程
·
天然产物化学
·
风味化学
·
分子生物学
·
绿色合成
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）