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DALTON TRANSACTIONS · 2024 · IF 3.5

Thermally stable Cr3+-activated silicate phosphors for plant-growth LEDs and three-mode optical thermometry

Rongbo Ma,Tingting Zhang,Bin Cao,Xinyong Gong,Chaoyong Deng,Weichao Huang

The structural, optical and temperature-dependent luminescence properties of Y2Mg2Al2Si2O12:Cr3+ phosphors are investigated for their multifunctional applications. The as-prepared phosphors exhibited an intense far-red emission band around 600-850 nm with a peak at 687 nm, which matches well with the absorption band of plant phytochromes. Importantly, the optimized sample showed excellent thermal stability and the emission intensity at 423 K maintained about 77% of that at 298 K. The potential application of the phosphor in plant growth LED devices was also demonstrated. Furthermore, due to the unique thermal quenching behavior of Cr3+, a three-mode luminescent thermometry was designed based on the fluorescent intensity (FL), fluorescent intensity ratio (FIR), and full width at half maximum (FWHM) method. The maximum temperature relative sensitivity (Sr) of each mode can reach 2.74% K−1, 1.09% K−1, 1.47% K−1, respectively. These results indicate that the Y2Mg2Al2Si2O12:Cr3+ phosphors can address applications in plant growth and optical thermometry.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 植物学 · 光学工程
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL · 2023 · IF 5.2

Synthesis and luminescence characteristics of an efficient broadband NIR phosphor: Cr3+ activated GaTa0.5Nb0.5O4

Sibang Liu,Gaoliang Wang,Liuyang Xu,Huanxia Jia,Xianke Sun,Honglei Yuan

NIR phosphor-converted light emitting diodes possess extensive application in a variety of occasions. And the exploration of NIR phosphors having outstanding quantum yield and thermostability is still a challenge. In this work, the layered structure and broadband GaTa 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 4 :Cr 3+ phosphors owning excellent performance were synthesized. The GaTa 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 4 :0.025Cr 3+ phosphor provides a quantum yield of 92.2%, as well as an activation energy of 0.329. The NIR pc-LED formed via the combination of GaTa 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 4 :0.025Cr 3+ phosphor and blue LED chip owns an output power of 4.56 mW and a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 9.37% when driven at 20 mA, and the output power increases to be 44.6 mW and the photoelectric conversion efficiency changes to be 7.19% when driven at 250 mA. The results of this work demonstrated that the Cr 3+ activated GaTa 0.5 Nb 0.5 O 4 phosphors may be a prospective candidate for NIR phosphor-converted light emitting diodes.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光学工程
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Advanced Optical Materials · 2022 ·Vol. 11 ·期 5 ·2202291 · IF 10.05

Super Broadband Near-Infrared Solid Solution Phosphors with Adjustable Peak Wavelengths from 1165 to 875 nm for NIR Spectroscopy Applications

Shuai Huang,Yu Yan,Mengmeng Shang,Yining Wang,Yixin Sun,Peipei Dang,Jun Lin

Cr 3+ -activated near-infrared (NIR) phosphors have attracted wide attention owing to applications in phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (pc-LED) for spectroscopy. Because a broader spectrum covers more information to detect, the width of the spectrum is an important parameter to consider. Here, the blue LED excitable ultra-broadband Cr 3+ -activated LiInGeO 4 phosphors, which exhibit unprecedented long-wavelength NIR emission with a wide full-width at half maximum (FWHM) of 305 nm, are developed. The overall emission tuning from 1165 to 875 nm with broadened FWHM from 305 to 508 nm is realized through designing continuous solid solution hosts of LiIn 1− z Sc z GeO 4 /(LiIn) 1− y Mg 2 y GeO 4 and finite solid solution hosts of (LiIn) 1− y Zn 2 y GeO 4 :Cr 3+ . The observation of such long-wavelength NIR from Cr 3+ not Cr 4+ is studied and confirmed by electron paramagnetic resonance, X-ray absorption near-edge structure, and steady-/transient-state photoluminescence. The formation of finite solid solutions induces the change in the local structure of Cr 3+ that ultimately leads to the observation of super broadband (FWHM = 508 nm) luminescence. The luminescence mechanism is discussed in this study. Finally, this study demonstrates that the as-synthesized phosphors with tunable NIR luminescence can be well used in NIR pc-LEDs for spectroscopy detection.

CAS / MDL: 1308-38-9 1310-53-8
研究领域: 材料科学 · 光学 · 发光材料
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS · 2025 · IF 6.3

Efficient and thermally stable Cr3+-activated germanate phosphor for thermometry, plant cultivation, and near-infrared light-emitting diode applications

Zaifa Yang,Wenyue Zhang,Zhide Wang,Yu Zheng,Yi Su,Haowen Xu,Zhengxin Guo,Ruoxuan Wang,Shuyu Yang

In recent years, near-infrared phosphor-converted light-emitting diodes (NIR pc⁃LEDs) have attracted a lot of attention in the fields of night vision, sensing and nondestructive testing. However, realizing multifunctional applications with the same material is still a great challenge. In this study, we prepared an efficient and thermally stable excellent Cr 3+ -activated Cd 3 Al 2 Ge 3 O 12 (CAG) garnet NIR phosphor. Under the excitation of 436 nm blue light, its NIR emission covers the range of 600–900 nm, the highest peak is at 714 nm and an internal quantum efficiency is 80.4 %. Meanwhile, the phosphor exhibits excellent thermal stability, and the integrated intensity of its NIR emission spectrum at 423 K temperature is 89.4 % of room temperature (89.4 %@423 K), which shows remarkable high thermal stability characteristics. The temperature-dependent properties of the fluorescence lifetime of Cr 3+ and the fluorescence intensity ratio of the thermally coupled energy levels in CAG:0.005Cr 3+ were utilized for thermometry studies from 100 K to 275 K. The relative thermometric sensitivities of the two methods reached a maximum value of 1.4 % K −1 at 200 K and a maximum value of 1.2 % K −1 at 100 K. Finally, the applications of the CAG:0.005Cr 3+ phosphor in plant illumination, night-vision monitoring and non-destructive testing of biological tissues were discussed by using the synthesized NIR pc⁃LEDs, which proves that the CAG:0.005Cr 3+ phosphor has a broad application prospect.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光学工程 · 生物医学工程
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LUMINESCENCE · 2024 ·Vol. 39 ·期 11 ·1-8 · IF 3.2

Cr3+-Activated Deep Trap Electron-Trapping Biphasic Mixture of Zn (Al,Ga)2O4 and Zn2GeO4 for Multilevel Information Storage by Trap Multiplexing and Wavelength Multiplexing

Zhigang Wang,Jiayu Wang,Dangli Gao,Wenqian Xu,Wenna Gao,Xiangyu Zhang,Sining Yun,Xiaojun Wang

Double wavelength emitting phosphors with hypersensitive thermal response are important for optical/thermal sensors and multiplexing optical data storage technology. However, it is a daunting challenge to develop multicolor electron-trapping materials with superheat sensitivity and anomalous quenching luminescence characteristics for information storage. Here, based on the selection of host lattice and the control of doping ion types, we have designed Mn 2+ - and/or Cr 3+ -activated persistent materials with excellent fluorescence properties. Among these phosphors, Mn,Cr co-activated biphasic mixture exhibits not only sensitive anomalous thermosensitive fluorescence properties but also multicolor and multimode fluorescence emission characteristics derived from Mn and Cr simultaneously. The corresponding multimode fluorescence mechanism is proposed based on afterglow energy transfer and deepening trap effect. Especially, based on the excellent fluorescence performances, these phosphors as information storage medium demonstrate multilevel information storage by a combination of the trap multiplexing and wavelength multiplexing technologies. The study here provides not only the ideas for designing and synthesizing new electronic materials but also a material foundation for the fourth generation of optical information storage and encryption.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光学工程
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Advanced Optical Materials · 2023 ·Vol. 11 ·期 7 ·2202466 · IF 9

Broadband and Multimode Near-Infrared Emitter Based on Cr3+-Activated Stannate for Multifunctional Applications

Zhihao Zhou,Fanquan He,Enhai Song,Shuai Zhang,Xiaodong Yi,Hao Zhang,Yakun Le,Shi Ye,Shanhui Xu,Jianrong Qiu,Guoping Dong

Broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphors have recently received considerable attention in spectroscopy technology fields, but designing inexpensive, emission peaks centered above 800 nm, and multimodal broadband NIR luminescence material still remains a great challenge. Here, by selecting stannate compound Mg 2 SnO 4 (MSO) as the host, a kind of broadband NIR phosphor MSO:Cr 3+ with multimode luminescence properties is reported. The designed material exhibits an emission peaking at 800 nm and a full-width at half maximum of 180 nm (≈2730 cm −1 ). The site occupation of Cr 3+ in MSO is unraveled by density functional theory calculation. The constructed NIR light-emitting device based on MSO:Cr 3+ displays a high NIR output power of 187.19 mW@100 mA and remarkable photoelectric efficiency of 13.67%, and its multifunctional applications in information encryption, non-destructive detection, and so on are also demonstrated. Additionally, through defect site reconstruction, MSO:Cr 3+ presents superior broadband NIR persistent luminescence (PersL) properties with PersL duration time longer than 50 h. This work provides a feasible strategy to develop intelligent optical material integrated with multimodal luminescence through low-cost stannate compounds as the host toward versatile applications such as non-destructive detection and bioimaging.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光电子学 · 生物成像
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DALTON TRANSACTIONS · 2022 ·Vol. 51 ·期 29 ·10965-10972 · IF 4.569

Crystal-field induced tuning of luminescence properties of Na3GaxAl1−xF6:Cr3+ phosphors with good thermal stability for NIR LEDs

Jianbang Zhou,Pengyun Chen,Junhao Li,Mingming Yang,Wei Jiang,Qiuhong Zhang,Haiyong Ni,Jiansheng Huo

Cr3+-Activated broadband near-infrared (NIR) luminescence materials are attracting much attention as next-generation smart NIR light sources that are widely used in night vision, bioimaging, medical treatment, and many other fields. Herein, a series of Na3GaxAl1−xF6:Cr3+ NIR phosphors with broadband emission and tunable luminescence properties were designed and prepared. The luminescence intensity, peak position and full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the materials can be controlled by adjusting the crystal field strength. Furthermore, Na3Ga0.75Al0.25F6:0.35Cr3+ exhibited high luminous efficiency and the emission intensity remained 81% at 423 K compared with the initial value at 298 K. The structural confinement and the electron–phonon coupling (EPC) effect may account for its good thermal stability. Finally, a pc-NIR-LED device with a photoelectric conversion efficiency of 6.53% at 350 mA was fabricated by combining the as-prepared NIR phosphor and a blue InGaN chip, and its applications in night vision and medical fields were further investigated. This work will promote the development of NIR phosphors with tunable luminescence properties.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光学工程 · 生物医学工程 · 纳米医学 · 光子学 · 转化医学
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CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS · 2025 · IF 7

Structural Design of Cr3+-Activated Hexaaluminate Phosphors with High Quantum Efficiency and Cr3+–Cr3+ Exchange Coupling Pairs

Hui Zhu,Cheng Zhou,Siying Li,Huanhuan Chen,Xuan Shi,Yanyue Li,Pingzhi Zhang,Wei Li,Maxim S. Molokeev,Andrey O. Zolotov,Jing Wang,Zhi Zhou,Mao Xia

Introducing large-radius cations usually causes structural relaxation, leading to a spectral redshift and low optical performance in Cr3+-activated phosphors. Here, MNAl10O17:Cr3+ phosphors are synthesized, and the substitution of large-radius cations induces the abnormal lattice shrinkage of the N site and atomic site splitting of the M site due to the unique hexaaluminate structure, further distinctly improving luminescent properties. To investigate the university of atomic site splitting, a series of phosphors, Na2(1–m)K2mAl10.8O17:0.2Cr3+ and Gd1–nLanMgAl10.8O19:0.2Cr3+, are synthesized, and the variation of their luminescent properties conforms to the expected rule. Finally, Ga3+ ions are introduced to improve the luminescence efficiency. Internal/external quantum efficiencies of the optimal sample are 98.1 and 65.8%, respectively. Meanwhile, an anomalous spectral blueshift indicates the existence of Cr3+–Cr3+ exchange coupling pairs, and a comparative analysis of similar cases is conducted to provide some insights into the luminescence of coupling pairs.

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DALTON TRANSACTIONS · 2023 ·Vol. 52 ·期 9 ·2853-2862 · IF 4

An efficient and thermally stable near-infrared phosphor derived from the Ln3ScInGa3O12:Cr3+ (Ln = La, Gd, Y, and Lu) garnet family

Zurong Liao,Chaojie Li,Jiyou Zhong,Yang Li,Weiren Zhao

A broadband near-infrared (NIR) light source based on a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (pc-LED) has attracted increasing interest to be used in non-destructive examination, security-monitoring and medical diagnosis fields, which stimulates the exploration of NIR phosphors with high performance. Herein, a series of Cr3+-activated garnet Ln3ScInGa3O12:Cr3+ (Ln = La, Gd, Y, and Lu) phosphors were reported, allowing an emission peak ranging from 726 to 822 nm. Among them, Y3ScInGa3O12:Cr3+ with an optimized Cr3+-doping concentration of 6 mol% exhibits a high internal quantum efficiency (IQE = 83.1%) and excellent absorption efficiency (AE = 44.2%) under 450 nm blue light excitation, enabling an external quantum efficiency as high as 36.7%. Moreover, this material can maintain 93.0% of the initial intensity when heated up to 423 K, implying outstanding thermal stability. Finally, a prototype NIR pc-LED device was fabricated by coating the optimized phosphor on a 455 nm LED chip, which generates a broadband NIR emission with a peak located at 765 nm and a full width at half maximum of 127 nm. The NIR output power and NIR photoelectric conversion efficiency of this device were found to be 38.01 mW and 11.0%, respectively, under 100 mA driving current, demonstrating the feasibility of this material to be applied in NIR pc-LEDs.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光电技术 · 光子学
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DYES AND PIGMENTS · 2025 · IF 4.2

Cr3+-activated Ca2GdZrSnGa3O12 garnet phosphors: structural reconstruction and crystal-field engineered broadband near-infrared emitters for LD/LED-driven light sources

Chengda Wu,Yahong Jin

Broadband near-infrared (NIR) phosphor-converted light sources (pc-LSs) are indispensable for emerging technologies that exploit the 700–1100 nm biological transparency window, yet their performance is critically limited by the scarcity of phosphors that simultaneously deliver red-shifted emission, high quantum efficiency, and thermal robustness. Here, we report a Cr 3+ -activated garnet Ca 2 GdZrSnGa 3 O 12 engineered by Ca–Zr/Sn cooperative substitution and M 5+ charge compensation. The incorporation of Cr 3+ into host lattice with a weak-field octahedral environment produces broadband NIR emission ( 4 T 2 → 4 A 2 ) centered at 801 nm with bandwidth of 168 nm under 466 nm excitation. M 5+ cations codoping suppresses non-radiative pathways, elevating IQE to 51.58 % and retaining 81.58 % of the room-temperature intensity at 423 K. A low Huang-Rhys factor ( S  = 0.94) and enlarged activation energy ( E a  = 0.25 eV) corroborate the suppressed electron–phonon coupling. Prototype phosphor-converted laser diode (pc-LD) and light-emitting diode (pc-LED) packages deliver optical output powers up to 381.2 mW@1500 mW mm −2 and 51.2 mW@300 mA with photoelectric conversion efficiencies approaching 25.4 % and 4.48 %, respectively. These findings provide a materials-by-design route that reconciles the long-standing trade-off between spectral red-shift, quantum efficiency, and thermal robustness in Cr 3+ -activated NIR systems, and constitute a decisive advance toward compact, high-power NIR light engines for next-generation photonic applications.

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ACS Applied Optical Materials · 2025 · IF 3.8

Comparative Study of Cr3+-Activated Garnet Ca2YZnMGe3O12 (M = Sc, In) Phosphors: Ultraefficient Near-Infrared Luminescence and Structure–Property Relationships

Chao Li,Jiyou Zhong

Near-infrared (NIR) phosphor-converted LED (pc-LED) has emerged as a smart light source for multifunctional applications, driving demand for developing high-performance NIR phosphors. However, the design rules for such materials have not been systematically established due to large differences in material systems, compositions, and crystal structures of currently developed materials. Herein, two isostructural and compositionally similar garnet-type phosphors Ca2YZnMGe3O12:Cr3+ (M = Sc, In) were designed and synthesized, which show markedly different performance characteristics, namely, upon 460 nm excitation, the Sc-based garnet achieved an ultrahigh photoluminescence quantum yield (PLQY = 94.0%) and a superior thermal stability (I423 K/I298 K = 81.1%), while the In-base garnet showed a moderate performance (PLQY = 84.8%, I423 K/I298 K = 65.6%), providing an opportunity to reveal the discrepancy in structure and photoluminescence properties via a comparative study. Moreover, an NIR pc-LED device was fabricated by integrating the highly efficient Sc-based garnet with an InGaN LED, which demonstrated excellent performance in information encryption and night vision applications. Therefore, this work not only offers a high-performance NIR phosphor for multifunctional applications but also gives some inspirations for materials design by comparatively analyzing the correlations between structure and properties.

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Journal of Materials Chemistry C · 2024 ·Vol. 12 ·期 11 ·3980-3987 · IF 5.7

Remarkable near-infrared emission enhancement of Cr3+-activated BaGe4O9: the role of lithium ions

Yuechao Tang,Jin Yang,Qinan Mao,Yang Ding,Guojun Zheng,Lang Pei,Jiasong Zhong

Driven by the demand for miniaturized broadband near-infrared (NIR) light sources, considerable effort has been dedicated to developing Cr3+-activated phosphors. However, in many cases, the multivalent nature of the Cr ion is adverse to achieving highly efficient emission of Cr3+. Herein, strategic Li+ co-doping was employed to boost the NIR emission of BaGe4O9:Cr3+. In the phosphor, Li+ ions play a pivotal role in the distribution of Cr3+ on the two octahedral sites and the elimination of Cr4+ and crystal defects, leading to a 42.9-fold enhancement of Cr3+ emission. The obtained BaGe4O9:Cr3+,Li+ exhibited broadband emission centered at 808 nm, with an FWHM of 177 nm and an internal quantum efficiency of 61.3%. A fabricated pc-LED device utilizing the phosphor showcased an NIR radiant flux of 24.8 mW and a photoelectric efficiency of 8.9% at 100 mA. Furthermore, the application of the pc-LED in bio-imaging, night vision and information encryption was successfully demonstrated.

研究领域: 材料科学 · 光电技术 · 光子学
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