BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
·
2017
·
IF 5.651
Hongdan Zhang,Shuaishuai Zhang,Hongyou Yuan,Gaojin Lyu,Jun Xie
An organosolv pretreatment system consisting of 60% ethanol and 0.025 mol·L −1 FeCl 3 under various temperatures was developed in this study. During the pretreatment, the highest xylose yield was 11.4 g/100 g raw material, representing 49.8% of xylose in sugarcane bagasse. Structural features of raw material and pretreated substrates were characterized to better understand how hemicellulose removal and delignification affected subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. The 160 °C pretreated solid presented a remarkable glucose yield of 93.8% for 72 h. Furthermore, the influence of different additives on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated solid was investigated. The results indicated that the addition of Tween 80 shortened hydrolysis time to 6 h and allowed a 50% reduction of enzyme loading to achieve the same level of glucose yield. This work suggested that FeCl 3 -catalyzed organosolv pretreatment could improve the enzymatic hydrolysis significantly and reduce the hydrolysis time and enzyme dosage with the addition of Tween 80.
研究领域:
生物技术
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TETRAHEDRON
·
2021
·
IF 2.457
Chao Xu,Ze He,Hongqin Yang,Hongyi Chen,Qingle Zeng
FeCl 3 -catalyzed three-component aryl-selenylation of alkenes with good to excellent yields has been disclosed. This method is characterized by synthesis of complicated products in a single-step reaction, simple operation and readily available commercially reagents. Finally, a reasonable mechanism of FeCl 3 -catalyzed aryl-selenylation is proposed.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2023
·Vol. 31
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 2.8
Wu Hai-Bo,Zhou Xian-Tai,Zhou Xiao-Wu,Fang Yan-Xiong
As a biodegradable polyester, the commercialized synthesis protocol of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) under mild conditions is of great significance and attractive. Herein, the ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL) using FeCl 3 catalyst and benzyl alcohol (BnOH) as the initiator was developed. FeCl 3 has been proved to be an efficient catalyst for the ROP of ε-CL under mild conditions. The conversion of ε-CL to PCL was 98.8% at 60 °C within 4 h, with number-average molecular weight ( M n) and dispersity (PDI) of 1.65 × 10 4 g/mol and 1.28, respectively. Moreover, a coordination-insertion ring-opening polymerization mechanism mediated by FeCl 3 was proposed. Overall, this work is expected to provide a feasible industrial method for the preparation of PCL from the direct aerobic oxidation of cyclohexanone.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE BRAZILIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY
·
2024
·
IF 1.3
Li Ziling,Shi Chundiao,Xiang Shengchang,Liu Chulong,Zheng Ximing
As an oral Janus kinase 1 inhibitor, upadacitinib shows good activity in the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis, especially for other drug-resistant and refractory rheumatoid arthritis patients. A key step in the synthesis of upadacitinib is the introduction of ethyl on the pyrroline ring. Here, a FeCl3/p-aminophenol catalyst system was used to increase the ethyl introduction for synthesis of pyrroline building blocks of upadaticinib. This catalytic system allows milder reaction conditions and increases the yield of this step by 25% compared to the existing reports, and the scale-up experiment is still effective. In addition, a possible FeII/FeIV catalytic mechanism for this reaction was also proposed.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
药物化学
·
催化反应机制
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2020
·
IF 3.573
Yangfeng Xia,Xing Zhang,Long Liu,Haiyun Sun,Guoying Zhao,Yanqiang Zhang
Pyrazoline derivatives as valuable five-membered heterocyclic compounds could be readily prepared through the intramolecular cyclization of ketazines. In this paper, transition metals (Zn2+, Cu2+, Cr3+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, and Fe3+) were applied for the catalytic synthesis of 3,5,5-trimethyl-2-pyrazoline, and FeCl3 showed the best catalytic performance with 95% conversion and 99% selectivity. Substrate screening exhibited that the steric hindrance of ketazines is a key factor on the conversions of R-substituted pyrazolines, following the order of R as methyl (95%) > ethyl (83%) > propyl (68%) > butyl (55%). Moreover, the mechanism of the cyclization of ketazines catalyzed by FeCl3 is calculated by density functional theory. The energetic profile shows that the cyclization reaction consists of two steps and FeCl3 can efficiently reduce their barrier energies. This work provides a feasible method for the preparation of pyrazoline derivatives using inexpensive, less toxic, and environmentally friendly FeCl3 as a catalyst.
研究领域:
有机化学
·
催化化学
·
理论化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2018
·
IF 6.14
Chao Wang,Qilin Zhang,Yanglei Chen,Xueming Zhang,Feng Xu
The economically viable synthesis of levulinic acid (LA), a promising and valuable renewable biomass-derived platform for bioproducts, with high carbon efficiency is a challenge. A direct and highly effective catalytic system for conversion of xylose residues (XRs) into LA under mild conditions by using FeCl3 as catalyst and cheaply available NaCl as promoter has been developed. The NaCl solution exhibits high carbon efficiency in LA (68.0 mol %) when compared with the non-NaCl systems (48.5 mol %) due to the moderate increase of the acidity and the higher viscosity of the NaCl system than water. The experimental results demonstrated that the presence of NaCl caused no distinctive changes on reaction pathways but increased the dissolution rate and the hydrolysis rate of XRs cellulose. Moreover, further integration of our degradation process with a reactive extraction step makes energy-efficient separation of LA. The NaCl solutions easily and efficiently extracted LA into LA-derived solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran from aqueous solutions. The efficiency and integration of the reaction process presented a great potential for LA production from renewable biomass with the aid of concentrated seawater.
研究领域:
生物质化学
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催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENERGY RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 46
·期 15
·22971-22990
·
IF 4.672
Guofeng Qiu,Yang Guo,Jie Xu,Wenke Jia,Sixi Guo,Hongguan Wang,Fanhui Guo,Jianjun Wu
Summary Herein, a green and novel FeCl 3 -catalyzed hydrothermal pretreatment method is adopted to convert the bamboo shavings waste into bamboo-based hierarchical porous carbons (BHPCs) with ultra-high specific surface area and excellent electrochemical properties. Utilizing this mild FeCl 3 catalyst can not only promote the dehydration, condensation, and carbonization of bamboo shavings to catalyze the formation of hydrochar, but also facilitate the development of the pore structure of hydrochar. Moreover, the effects of different FeCl 3 solution concentrations, activation temperatures, and KOH/hydrochar ratios on the pore structure of BHPCs and the electrochemical performance of supercapacitors are thoroughly investigated. Compared with the hydrothermal carbonization without FeCl 3 addition, the BHPCs (1-BHPC-800-5) electrode materials obtained by FeCl 3 -catalyzed hydrothermal pretreatment have superior specific surface area (up to 3688 m 2 g −1 ) and total pore volume (as high as 1.989 cm 3 g −1 ). Meanwhile, the best-performing 1-BHPC-800-5 demonstrates outstanding electrochemical performance in supercapacitor applications, providing a pleasant capacitance of 378 F g −1 at 0.5 A g −1 and capacitance retention of 96.6% after 10 000 charge/discharge cycles at 5.0 A g −1 in 6.0 M KOH electrolyte. The energy density can reach 10.3 Wh kg −1 at a power density of 250 W kg −1 in a two-electrode system. Therefore, this novel and efficient catalytic hydrothermal pretreatment method offers a promising prospect for converting waste biomass into hierarchical porous carbon materials with a large specific surface area and excellent electrochemical properties. Key Points Adopting a green FeCl 3 -catalyzed hydrothermal pretreatment method to convert bamboo shavings waste into BHPCs. BHPCs exhibit a hierarchical porous structure and an ultra-high specific surface area (up to 3688 m 2 g −1 ). A very high capacitive performance (378 F g −1 at 0.5 Ag −1 ) is achieved. The excellent rate performance (nearly 71% capacitance retention), outstanding cycle stability (capacitance retention of 96.6% after 10 000 charge/discharge cycles) and large energy density (10.3 Wh kg −1 at 250 W kg −1 ) are demonstrated.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2014
·Vol. 2
·期 32
·12785-12791
·
IF 0
Shengyang Tao,Yuchao Wang,Da Shi,Yonglin An,Jieshan Qiu,Yishan Zhao,Yan Cao,Xuefang Zhang
An efficient strategy is developed for producing hierarchically porous graphite (HPG) monoliths with a bimodal pore structure through a confined graphitizing process with FeCl3 as the catalyst. The microspace in a silica microreactor is used for molding and protecting the carbon structure without collapse during crystallization. Especially, the confined graphitization approach is favorable for forming highly crystallized graphite materials with large specific surface at low preparation temperature. It balances the benefits of a porous structure and degree of crystallization. Due to the outstanding physical and chemical properties, the graphitized porous carbon exhibits excellent electrochemical performances. HPG shows high sensitivity for use as sensing electrodes. Additionally, HPG also exhibits remarkable stabilization on capacitance at large current densities as a supercapacitor. There is hardly any loss in specific capacitance even with a charge current of 30 to 50 A g−1.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
RENEWABLE ENERGY
·
2024
·
IF 9
Yanbing Li,Jiayue Ma,Rui Pan,Ting Wang
The efficient use of wood powder has become increasingly important for protecting the environment and addressing energy shortages. In this study, a proton exchange membrane electrolysis system was utilized to convert biomass into valuable industrial chemicals and hydrogen using ferric ions as redox mediators , reduced reaction costs. GC-MC analysis revealed that the degradation products are mainly consisted of aromatic carbonyl compounds , along with some alcohols, phenols , and alkanes. The degradation efficiency was found to be 55.6 %, and the Faraday’s hydrogen production efficiency exceeds 92.6 %. Moreover, Fe 3+ /Fe 2+ redox mediators was recycled in the electrolysis system, maintaining high reactivity. This research introduces a new approach for the degradation of wood powder, offering potential for sustainable industrial production and a reduction in environmental impact.
研究领域:
能源与环境科学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Xuan Wang,Ting Xu,Han Zhang,Junjie Qi,Yaxuan Wang,Meng Zhang,Wei Liu,Zhanhui Yuan,Chuanling Si
The cellulose nanofibrils (CNFs)/MXene composite film has been widely studied in the field of energy storage, sensing, etc. The carboxyl group in CNFs can form hydrogen bond interaction with −F, −O and –OH in MXene to preventing the self-stacking of MXene. In addition, for energy storage, carboxyl groups also promote ion transport in the electrolyte, improving electrochemical performance. Therefore, the green preparation for carboxylic CNFs is important. Herein, CNFs with high carboxyl content were prepared by introducing ferric chloride (FeCl 3 ) catalyst to promote the hydrolysis efficiency of bleached softwood kraft pulp (BSKP) by maleic acid (MA). It was found that the optimized CNFs demonstrated a narrow diameter distribution, high yield (90 %), high carboxyl content (0.5 mmol/g), and good thermal stability (T max was about 343 °C). In addition, the obtained CNFs were further combined with MXene by filtration to obtain a composite film, and the composite film was used for self-supporting electrodes. XRD showed increased layer spacing of MXene in composite film, indicating that CNFs effectively inhibited MXene self-stacking. CNFs/MXene film as the self-supporting electrode showed good electrochemical performance (areal capacitance of 2051.4 mF cm −2 at 2 mA cm −2 ) in three-electrode system.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
·
绿色化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.9
Shuyang He,Feng Shu,Xianglin Liu,Ke Yan,Shijie Lei,Yupeng Liu,Mingu Zhou,Hang Yu,Junhua Zhang,Fangxia Yang
Pretreatment method is one of the key factors to improve the quality of nanocellulose (NC) production. As a green novel solvent, ternary deep eutectic solvent (TDES) plays an important role in production of lignin-containing nanocellulose (LNC), however, higher reaction temperature would limit its industrial application. Herein, a novel strategy of FeCl 3 -catalyzed TDES (F-TDES) pretreatment combined microfluidization was proposed to produce LNC from poplar ( PopulusL. ) at lower temperature (80 °C). The TDES was composed of choline chloride, lactic acid, and p -toluenesulfonic acid in a molar ratio of 2:10:1. When the optimum dose of FeCl 3 in per gram TDES system was 0.15 mmol (i.e. about 3.9% based on the weight of F-TDES), ribbon-like LNCs about 28.68 nm wide and 3.46 nm thick were obtained, which were smaller than that of lignin-free nanocellulose attained from the same preparation conditions. The LNC, lignin content 18.93%, displayed good dispersion stability in water and higher cellulose I crystallinity (57.8%) and thermal stability (T max =376 °C). Especially, the LNC exhibited more excellent emulsification performance and emulsion stability than NC, which was closely associated with its good amphiphilicity. Within the studied LNC concentration (0.1–0.4%) and oil/water mass ratio (20:80–50:50), increasing LNC concentration and/or oil/water mass ratio was beneficial for the stability of Pickering emulsions. The findings not only provide a milder route for producing LNC from lignocellulose , but also prove LNC would have promising prospects in emulsion systems.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
纳米技术
·
胶体科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 11.3
Xue Ma,Mengmeng Fu,Kai Hu,Li Gao,Chenchen Song,Shusheng Zhang,Renyong Zhao,Wenjie Zhao
Developing efficient and reliable adsorbents with simplified synthesis and mixed-mode performance is crucial for the accurate quantitative analysis of diverse coexisting environmental pollutants. A magnetic carboxylated hypercrosslinked organic polymer (Fe 3 O 4 /HCP-COOH) with reverse phase/cation exchange mixed-mode performance was synthesized through a two-stage process: (1) Fabrication of HCP-COOH via FeCl 3 -catalyzed Friedel-Crafts alkylation using 1,4-phenylenediacetic acid and 1,4-bis(chloromethyl)benzene; (2) In situ growth of Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles on HCP-COOH through coprecipitation, utilizing FeCl₃ dually as polymerization catalyst and iron precursor to enhance process efficiency and waste minimization. The nanocomposite functioned as a mixed-mode sorbent for magnetic solid-phase extraction (MSPE), integrating dual retention mechanisms to selectively extract hydrophobic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and cationic quaternary ammonium pesticides (QUATs), with subsequent analysis by GC-MS for PAHs and HPLC-MS/MS for QUATs respectively. Following optimization of adsorption pH, eluent composition, and contact time, the method exhibited high sensitivity with limits of detection (LODs) of 0.80-7.93 ng L⁻¹ for 15 PAHs and 0.02-16.31 ng L⁻¹ for 4 QUATs. Validation showed satisfactory recoveries of 89.5-98.3% (RSDs ≤11.2%) in snowmelt and 90.4-101.8% (RSDs ≤11.6%) in lake water (n=3), confirming practicality for simultaneous monitoring of hydrophobic and cationic contaminants in complex environmental water, offering significant advantages in multi-residue analysis for environmental monitoring applications.
研究领域:
环境化学
·
分析化学
·
材料科学
·
污染监测
·
可持续合成
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）