Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry B
·
2024
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·189-202
·
IF 1.4
Du M.-R.,Chen Y.-H.,Cao W.,Wang R.-S.,Hu S.-S.,Wang T.-Z.,Chen Z.-F.
Abstract In order to achieve emulsion explosives with high power and good thermal stability, an emulsion explosive containing TiH 2 with varying particle sizes was developed, and its properties were determined through experimental analysis. The results of detonation velocity experiments revealed that the incorporation of TiH 2 reduces the detonation velocity, with the degree of reduction being dependent on the particle size of TiH 2 . Specifically, when the particle size of TiH 2 is 44, 30, and 10 μm, the detonation velocity decreases by 5.8, 3.9, and 3.0%, respectively. Furthermore, experiments on explosion heat and brisance showed that TiH 2 improves the heat of detonation and brisance of the explosives. Specifically, when the particle sizes of TiH 2 are 44, 30, and 10 μm, the heat of detonation increases by 4.1, 4.5, and 5.0%, respectively, and the brisance increases by 15.3, 16.6, and 19.1%, respectively. Additionally, TG-DTG experiments revealed that while TiH 2 does not affect the thermal decomposition characteristics of the emulsified matrix, it does impact its apparent activation energy. Specifically, when the particle size of TiH 2 is 44 μm, the apparent activation energy is reduced by approximately 21.0%. When the particle size is 30 μm, the apparent activation energy remains largely unaffected. However, when the particle size is 10 μm, the apparent activation energy increases by approximately 41.5%.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
KEY ENGINEERING MATERIALS
·
2014
·
IF 0
Zheng Yang Li,Li Bo Wang,Guo Cai Zhong,Sai Sai Li,Ai Guo Zhou
Titanium tin carbide (Ti2SnC) is a member a MAX phases, which are ternary carbides or nitrides with layered structure. Ti powders are normally used as Ti source to synthesize Ti2SnC. In this paper, TiH2, a relative cheaper Ti source, was used to synthesize Ti2SnC. Ti2SnC was synthesized from TiH2/Sn/TiC or TiH2/Sn/graphite powders by a tube furnace at different temperatures under Ar atmosphere. From the analysis of X-ray diffraction results, the lowest temperature to synthesize Ti2SnC was 1000 °C. Ti2SnC content increased with temperature, and high purity Ti2SnC was fabricated at 1200 °C. From scanning electron microscopy, as-synthesized Ti2SnC from TiH2/Sn/TiC was with plate-like structure. However, for Ti2SnC from graphite as carbon source, there was some stripe microstructure. Some large pores existed between the Ti2SnC particles. The existence of the pores make the mechanical properties of Ti2SnC block significantly reduced, its compressive strength was only 0.483 MPa or 0.35 MPa respectively for samples synthesized from TiC or graphite as carbon source. The low mechanical properties make the porous sample easy to be broken as powders.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
无机化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
Journal of Energetic Materials
·
2023
·
IF 2.1
Hua Fang,Xueyong Guo,Liping Shi,Kehua Han,Jianxin Nie,Shuji Wang,Chengcheng Wu,Peng Deng
In order to promote the development of molecular perovskite energetic materials, studying thermal decomposition performances of AP-based molecular perovskite energetic materials ((H2dabco)[NH4(ClO4)3], DAP-4) catalyzed by metal hydrogen storage fuel is significant. In this study, the morphology, structure and thermal decomposition characteristics of TiH2, DAP-4 and DAP-4/TiH2 composite materials were characterized and investigated. The experimental results showed that the DAP-4 peak exothermic temperature at different heating rates both showed a decreasing trend with TiH2 content increased. With 20 wt% TiH2 added, the DAP-4 peak exothermic temperature decreased from 394.3 ℃ to 352.8 ℃ (10 ℃/min heating rate), and the apparent activation energy (Ea) also decreased from 201.5 KJ/mol to 182.3 KJ/mol. A possible catalytic thermal decomposition mechanism of perovskite catalyzed by TiH2 was proposed. This work is helpful to further understand the thermal decomposition characteristics of molecular perovskite energetic materials in the presence of metal hydrides.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源材料
·
热力学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Penglin Kang,Changgui Song,Jinbo Guo,Yuan Lai,Xiangru Li,Leixin Hou,Wenjie Liu,Xiaodong Li
To achieve a synergistic enhancement of both energy output and safety performance in metal powder-based high-energy materials, this study employed coaxial focusing droplet technology to fabricate HMX/TiH 2 /F composite microspheres. The influence of dispersed phase concentration on microsphere morphology and particle size was systematically investigated. HMX/F and HMX/Ti/F microspheres, prepared using the same method, served as control groups for analyzing crystal structure and functional group composition. Results indicated that all three types of microspheres retained their original chemical structures. Performance tests revealed that HMX/TiH 2 /F microspheres achieved a favorable balance between thermal stability and reactivity, with thermal safety significantly improved compared to the control samples. Specifically, its impact sensitivity increased by 8 J and 13 J compared to HMX/F and HMX/Ti/F, respectively; friction sensitivity increased by 164 N and 228 N; and electrostatic accumulation was reduced by 1.46 and 16.40 nC, respectively, demonstrating superior mechanical and electrostatic safety. Combustion and detonation tests further demonstrated that HMX/TiH 2 /F microspheres exhibited the most intense combustion flame. The ignition delay time was reduced by 67.48 ms and 26.20 ms compared to HMX/F and HMX/Ti/F, respectively, and the combustion duration was shortened by 0.51 s and 0.42 s. Meanwhile, HMX/TiH 2 /F composite microspheres still maintained a high energy output, and the measured detonation velocity was 7685.7 m/s, which was 149.99 m/s higher than that of HMX/Ti/F. These findings indicate that the incorporation of TiH 2 facilitates the coordinated optimization of high-energy materials with respect to both safety and energetic performance, demonstrating promising application potential.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
含能材料
·
热力学
·
燃烧学
·
安全工程
·
颗粒工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2023
·
IF 5.7
Liangliang Tang,Dongxu Yao,Yongfeng Xia,Hanqin Liang,Yu-Ping Zeng
Gas-pressure sintered silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) ceramic was brazed to oxygen-free copper (OFC) foil using 20.22 ± 0.93 mg/cm 2 of Ag-Cu-TiH 2 filler at 875 ◦ C for 0.5 h. The effect of TiH 2 content on the 3D morphology, including the cross-section microstructure and etched surface morphology of Si 3 N 4 ceramic/OFC foil joints, was analyzed. An evolution model of the interfacial microstructure for joints was proposed based on 3D morphological analysis. The reaction between the brazing alloy and Si 3 N 4 ceramic formed the interfacial reaction layer and the inside reaction zones during brazing. The growth mechanism of the interfacial reaction layer was discussed in detail. The peeling test was used to evaluate the bonding strength of the Si 3 N 4 ceramic/OFC foil joints, and the optimum peeling strength of 25.1 N/mm was achieved at 5 wt% TiH 2 content. The interfacial microstructure of the joints changed with TiH 2 content, leading to different main fracture mechanisms and corresponding peeling strengths.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
焊接工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2025
·
IF 9.7
Fang Liu,Jiali Wang,Wei Chen,Xiaoying Zhang,Shengting Li,Jinping Li,Yu-Fei Song,Jinfeng Chu,Guang Liu
Magnesium hydride (MgH 2 ) is broadly deemed as one of the most prospective solid-state hydrogen storage materials. However, its large-scale application is hindered by several drawbacks, including an excessive dehydrogenation temperature (>300 °C), sluggish kinetic behavior, and inevitable agglomeration and growth during cycling. To address these challenges, two-dimensional few-layered laminated titanium carbide catalyst (FL-Ti 3 C 2 T x ) was synthesized via LiF/HCl etching followed by liquid-phase ultrasonic exfoliation. These FL-Ti 3 C 2 T x nanosheets exhibit efficient catalytic activity for MgH 2 hydrogen storage. The incorporation of 5 wt% FL-Ti 3 C 2 T x significantly reduces the initial dehydrogenation temperature of MgH 2 from 325 °C to 199 °C, while enabling the dehydrogenated sample to reabsorb hydrogen at room temperature. The MgH 2 + 5 wt% FL-Ti 3 C 2 T x composite demonstrates remarkable kinetic performance, releasing 6.5 wt% H 2 within 8 min at 300 °C and uptaking 5.49 wt% H 2 within 1 min at 100 °C. Even after 50 cycles of consecutive dehydrogenation and rehydrogenation, the composite retained a hydrogen storage capacity of 6.90 wt%, corresponding to a 95.30 % capacity retention rate. Microstructure analysis and theoretical calculations reveal that the unique lamellar morphology of FL-Ti 3 C 2 T x not only provides abundant active sites and hydrogen diffusion paths, but also effectively suppresses the agglomeration and growth of Mg/MgH 2 matrix during the hydrogen absorption and desorption. More importantly, the in-situ formed Ti/TiH 2 functions as a “hydrogen pump” accelerating hydrogen diffusion, prolonging the Mg H bond length, and weakening the interaction between Mg and H. These factors synergistically enhance the absorption/desorption kinetics of MgH 2 .
研究领域:
储能
·
材料科学
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纳米技术
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氢能
·
催化
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2025
·
IF 5.1
Wenjie Liu,Penglin Kang,Jinbo Guo,Fengze Cai,Qicong Jiang,Xiaodong Li
In recent years, metal hydrides have been extensively utilized in solid propellants due to their high hydrogen storage density, elevated combustion calorific value, and substantial gas production. However, optimizing and improving the energy release performance of metal hydrides remains challenging. This study prepared high-energy oxidizer 1,3,5,7-tetranitro-1,3,5,7-tetraazacyclooctane/polytetrafluoroethylene (HMX/PTFE) composite particles with enhanced safety using the emulsion-solvent evaporation method. The effect of PTFE content on the morphology of composite particles was analyzed, and their chemical structure, thermal decomposition characteristics, mechanical sensitivity, and oxidation-combustion behavior on metal hydrides were characterized and tested. Experimental results indicate that with 10 % PTFE content, the HMX/PTFE composite particles exhibit a dense surface, regular morphology, and uniform distribution of PTFE and binder around HMX. The crystal structure of HMX in the composite particles retains the β-type form, preserving its favorable application potential. Compared to raw HMX, the composite particles exhibited increased activation energy and critical temperature of thermal explosion by 40.05 kJ·mol −1 and 17.26 K, respectively, and enhanced critical impact and friction values by 4.5 J and 40 N, respectively, demonstrating superior thermal stability and mechanical safety. Combustion experiments demonstrate that HMX/PTFE composite particles serve as an effective high-energy oxidant for TiH₂, providing more stable combustion and energy release compared to raw HMX. The oxidation-combustion mechanism of raw HMX and HMX/PTFE composite particles with TiH₂ is analyzed, offering a potential approach to enhance the combustion stability of novel propellants containing metal hydrides.
研究领域:
含能材料
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推进剂与炸药
·
材料科学
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化学工程
·
燃烧技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2025
·
IF 8.3
Penglin Kang,Jinbo Guo,Xiaojuan Fu,Yuan Lai,Xiangru Li,Leixin Hou,Wenjie Liu,Xiaodong Li
To achieve high-energy composites with both high energy density and enhanced safety, TiH 2 /HMX/F energetic microspheres were fabricated using a coaxial flow-focusing microdroplet technique. The effects of varying TiH 2 contents on the chemical structure, thermal decomposition, mechanical sensitivity, combustion characteristics, and combustion products were systematically examined. The results show that the microspheres exhibit a dense structure, narrow particle-size distribution, and uniform component dispersion, while retaining the crystalline form and chemical structure of the raw HMX and TiH 2 . With increasing TiH 2 content (5, 10, 15, and 20 wt%), the apparent activation energy rises by 21.58, 66.35, 98.33, and 146.09 kJ mol −1 , respectively, compared with the H/F sample, indicating reduced reactivity but significantly improved thermal stability. At 10 wt% TiH 2 , the critical impact energy and friction force increase by 4.0 J and 164.0 N, respectively, demonstrating enhanced mechanical safety. Combustion tests reveal that TiH 2 not only strengthens combustion intensity but also prolongs the reaction duration. When the TiH 2 content exceeds 5 wt%, oxidation becomes more complete, with TiO 2 and TiN identified as the main products. In addition, the combustion mechanism was clarified, highlighting the role of TiH 2 in promoting high-temperature oxidation and improving combustion completeness. These findings provide both theoretical insights and process guidance for optimizing the performance and safety of high-energy composite materials.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2025
·Vol. 45
·期 14
·117551
·
IF 6.2
Tianxiao Hu,Mengting Lin,Ji Zou,Weimin Wang,Wei Ji,Zhengyi Fu
Titanium hydride (TiH 2 ) ceramics have become key high-performance hydrogen storage materials . However, the sintering of TiH 2 faces significant challenges due to the low temperature of dehydrogenation reaction (300–800 °C). In this study, high-pressure spark plasma sintering (HPSPS) technique was employed to successfully realize low-temperature high-density preparation by suppressing dehydrogenation and regulating densification kinetics under a high pressure (200 MPa). Under the optimized conditions (750 °C, 200 MPa, and 10 min), a fully dense single face-centered cubic (FCC) δ-Ti(H) phase bulk material was fabricated. The initial dehydrogenation temperature of samples fabricated by high-pressure spark plasma sintering (HPSPS) was higher than the dehydrogenation temperature of powder. Mechanistic analyses showed that high pressure inhibited hydrogen escape by compressing pores while promoting particle plastic flow and interfacial bonding. Increasing holding time from 5 to 10 min enhanced diffusion-dominated densification but exacerbated dehydrogenation-induced porosity under low-pressure conditions. The study shows that high pressure compaction can alleviate the contradiction between traditional high temperature densification and low temperature decomposition of TiH 2 , and offers a new strategy for the efficient densification of materials for low temperature decomposition.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷
·
储氢材料
·
烧结技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Jianing Liang,Rulong Ma,Xu Yan,Zhenhua Hao,Pei Wang,Yongchun Shu,Jilin He
The production of low-oxygen fine titanium powder is crucial for powder metallurgy but remains challenging due to severe sintering during high-temperature deoxidation. In this study, we address this issue by introducing MgO as a novel dispersant in the hydrogen-assisted magnesium reduction (HAMR) process for deoxidizing fine TiH 2 powder. The effects of MgO addition on the oxygen content, powder morphology, and chemical state were systematically investigated. The results demonstrate that MgO effectively inhibits particle agglomeration and sintering by forming nanoscale inert barriers between TiH 2 particles. Consequently, well-dispersed deoxidized powder was obtained. The oxygen content of the deoxidized powder exhibits a non-monotonic dependence on MgO addition, initially decreasing and then increasing. Surface chemistry analysis reveals the partial reduction of the native oxide film, with a shift of Ti species from higher (Ti 4+ , Ti 3+ ) to lower valence states (Ti 2+ , Ti). Under optimized conditions (750°C, 9 h, mass ratios of TiH 2 :Mg:MgCl 2 :MgO = 1:0.18:0.3:0.2), fine TiH 2 powder with good dispersibility and a low oxygen content of 0.0831 wt% was successfully obtained. This work provides a practical strategy for producing low-oxygen fine titanium powder from cost-effective precursors.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
粉末冶金
·
无机化学
·
金属还原过程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2017
·
IF 3.133
Honghui Cheng,Yuan Chen,Wenpei Sun,Haoran Lou,Yanqi Liu,Qi Qi,Jiamin Zhang,Jingjing Liu,Kai Yan,Huiming Jin,Yao Zhang,Shuyi Yang
In this work, we introduced TiH 2 into the 17MgH 2 -12Al composite by ball milling for improving the dehydrogenation performance of the reactive system. According to the measurements of non-isothermal dehydrogenation , the onset temperature of hydrogen release from 17MgH 2 -12Al-TiH 2 was reduced by 50 °C from that of 17MgH 2 -12Al. The investigations by Kissinger's method showed that the activation energy of hydrogen desorption of 17MgH 2 -12Al-TiH 2 (107 kJ mol −1 ) is much lower than 17MgH 2 -12Al (168 kJ mol −1 ), leading to enhanced dehydrogenation kinetics due to the TiH 2 additive. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis suggests that TiH 2 catalyzed the reaction between MgH 2 with Al of the system during the dehydrogenation below 280 °C. At temperatures between 280 °C to 400 °C, however, TiH 2 will thoroughly react with produced Mg 17 Al 12 and liberate hydrogen. The overall reaction of the system may be represented by 17 MgH 2 + 12 Al + TiH 2 → 3/4 Mg 17 Al 12 + Al 3 Ti + 17/4 Mg + 18 H 2 . Its theoretical dehydrogenation capacity (4.38 wt% H 2 ) agrees well with that achieved by temperature programmed dehydrogenation (TPD) measurements, demonstrating the occurrence of such reaction(s). The dehydrogenation enthalpy of 17MgH 2 -12Al-TiH 2 (71.7 kJ mol −1 H 2 ) proceeding at lower hydrogen desorption plateau was significantly lowered from that of 17MgH 2 -12Al (81.9 kJ mol −1 H 2 ) according to the measurements of pressure-composition isotherms (PCI) and van't Hoff plots. It means that TiH 2 was involved in the end reaction proceeding in the 17MgH 2 -12Al system. We believe that TiH 2 improves the dehydrogenation kinetics of 17MgH 2 -12Al initially and tailors its thermodynamics finally.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
氢能存储
·
固态化学
·
能源材料
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2018
·
IF 3.779
Longqing Chen,Bo Huang,Xiaoliang Yang,Youyun Lian,Xiang Liu,Jun Tang
Tungsten-potassium-titanium (W-K-Ti) alloys were fabricated by spark-plasma-sintering (SPS) and traditional rotary swaging (RS) techniques. Doping conditions and sintering methods were compared on the relative density, microstructure, hardness, recrystallization temperature, and the thermal shock resistance properties. Transient heat loads under 0.37 GW m −2 were applied on the W-K-Ti samples at room temperature for different cycles and pulsed durations. It was found that moderate Ti-doping (0.05 and 0.075 wt%) in W-K alloys can enhance the thermal shock resistance. Low-cycle thermal fatigue test suggested better thermal shock resistance in SPS-sintered W-K-Ti alloy (SPS-W-K-Ti) using TiH 2 dopant . The main reason was that the decomposition of TiH 2 significantly reduced the oxygen content of the ingots, which improved the ductility and thermal shock resistance of tungsten alloys . Further fracture analyses indicated that Ti-doping through TiH 2 formed intra- and inter- Ti-rich voids in TiH 2 -doped W-K alloy, while only intergranular Ti particles were found lying along grain boundaries in the Ti-doped one. The formation mechanism of the Ti-rich voids was investigated in detail. This work provides a potential route for obtaining plasma facing materials with high thermal shock resistance.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）