What Is IL1RAPL2?

IL1RAPL2 (Interleukin-1 Receptor Accessory Protein-Like 2) is a transmembrane protein belonging to the IL-1 receptor superfamily. It is encoded by the IL1RAPL2 gene located on the X chromosome and is closely related to IL1RAPL1, sharing significant structural homology. Both proteins contain extracellular immunoglobulin-like domains, a single transmembrane domain, and an intracellular Toll/IL-1 receptor (TIR) domain.

IL1RAPL2 is predominantly expressed in the brain, particularly in regions associated with cognitive function such as the hippocampus and cerebral cortex. Unlike classical IL-1 receptor family members involved in inflammatory signaling, IL1RAPL2 has been shown to play a specialized role in the central nervous system, most notably in the regulation of excitatory synapse formation and dendritic spine morphology.

Mutations and copy-number variations in IL1RAPL2 have been associated with X-linked intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder (ASD), underscoring its importance in normal cognitive development.

Biological Function and Signaling

IL1RAPL2 functions as a synaptic organizer in the developing and mature nervous system. It interacts with presynaptic partner proteins, most notably protein tyrosine phosphatase delta (PTP-δ), to drive the formation of excitatory synapses through a trans-synaptic adhesion mechanism. This interaction promotes the clustering of postsynaptic scaffolding molecules and facilitates dendritic spine development.

The intracellular TIR domain of IL1RAPL2 engages downstream signaling effectors that regulate cytoskeletal dynamics. Studies on the closely related IL1RAPL1 suggest that similar pathways may involve RhoGAP and MAPK signaling, though the precise downstream mediators of IL1RAPL2 remain an active area of investigation.

Beyond synapse formation, IL1RAPL2 has been implicated in the modulation of neuronal excitability and synaptic plasticity processes that underlie learning and memory. Its restricted expression pattern in cortical and hippocampal neurons makes it a compelling candidate for understanding region-specific synaptic regulation.

Recombinant Protein Specifications and Quality

Aladdin Scientific's Recombinant Human IL1RAPL2 Protein (SKU: rp367796) is produced using recombinant expression technology to ensure batch-to-batch consistency and high purity suitable for demanding research applications. Researchers should consult the product datasheet for confirmed specifications including host expression system, purity grade, molecular weight, endotoxin levels, and recommended reconstitution conditions.

Typical quality control assessments for recombinant proteins of this class include SDS-PAGE analysis for purity confirmation, Western blot for identity verification, and functional assays where applicable. Endotoxin testing is standard practice to ensure suitability for cell-based assays.

Storage recommendations generally involve maintaining the protein at –20 °C or –80 °C to preserve activity; repeated freeze-thaw cycles should be avoided. Please refer to the official product datasheet (absea#PQ-4816) for precise handling, storage, and reconstitution instructions specific to this lot.

Research Applications

Recombinant Human IL1RAPL2 Protein is a valuable tool for multiple research applications in the fields of neuroscience, cell biology, and disease modeling:

• Synaptogenesis assays: Used to study the role of IL1RAPL2 in inducing presynaptic differentiation and synapse formation in co-culture or cell-free systems.
• Protein–protein interaction studies: Suitable for pull-down assays, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), and co-immunoprecipitation experiments to map binding partners such as PTP-δ.
• Structural biology: Can serve as an antigen for antibody development or as a reference standard in binding studies.
• Disease modeling: Supports research into X-linked intellectual disability and autism spectrum disorder by providing a recombinant source of IL1RAPL2 for in vitro functional studies.
• Drug discovery: Useful as a target protein in screening assays aimed at identifying modulators of synaptic adhesion pathways.

Researchers are encouraged to optimize assay conditions for their specific experimental systems and to consult the product datasheet for recommended working concentrations.