Enzymatic hydrolysis characteristics and high solid loading saccharification of Miscanthus lutarioriparius cellulose through formic acid and alkaline hydrogen peroxide pretreatment

Miscanthus lutarioriparius ( ML ) is an ideal energy crop due to its high biomass production and cellulose quality. In this study, ML was pretreated with formic acid combined with alkaline hydrogen peroxide ( FA-AHP ) to enhance glucose concentration during enzymatic hydrolysis. The physicochemical properties and enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency of ML lignocellulose following different pretreatment methods were investigated. The physicochemical results showed that cellulose fractionated by FA-AHP pretreatment ( FA-AHP-C ) became more hydrophilic, with a reduction in the degree of polymerization from 1,040 (untreated ML ) to 515 ( FA-AHP-C ). Compared to untreated ML , FA-AHP-C showed a 9.49-fold increase in cellulose conversion and a 20.61-fold increase in glucose concentration during enzymatic hydrolysis. For FA-AHP-C , the maximum cellulose conversion reached 99.86% at 5% solid loading, with optimal enzyme dosing at 10 FPU/g. Tween-80 had the greatest impact on improving enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency, increasing the cellulose conversion by 7.5% at 20% solid loading. The highest glucose concentration of FA-AHP-C reached 223.04 g/L under 34% solid loading through a fed-batch enzymatic hydrolysis process. This research offers technical support for producing high glucose concentration from ML .