Driving Fast-Charging for Sodium Ion Batteries in Wide Temperature Range by Metallic 1T Phase ReSe2

To enable fast sodium ion battery charging in a wide temperature range, the local structures of anode materials must be optimized to reduce the Na + diffusion resistance at the interface and inside the electrode. Guided by theoretical predictions, isotropic ReSe 2 with a 1 T phase crystal structure (1 T ReSe 2 ) is developed herein to exhibit enhanced electrical conductivity for efficient charge transfer compared to the 1 T' ReSe 2 phase. Enabled by its metallic characteristic and longer Re─Se bonds, 1 T ReSe 2 achieves a lower Na + diffusion barrier and lower adsorption energy than 1 T' ReSe 2 , facilitating faster Na + storage reaction kinetics. Operando spectroscopy characterization confirms that the 1 T ReSe 2 electrode can directly produce Na x ReSe 2 without undergoing a significant phase transition. This inhibits volume expansion, leading to improved cycling stability. As a result, 1 T ReSe 2 exhibits good fast-charging performance in a wide temperature range. A capacity of 197 mAh g −1 @20 A g −1 is maintained after 8000 cycles at room temperature, and a capacity of 136 mAh g −1 @1 A g −1 (corresponding to a capacity retention rate of 60%) is retained after 465 cycles at −40°C.