REACTIVE & FUNCTIONAL POLYMERS
·
2024
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IF 4.5
Liang Qi,Ling-Xiao Hu,Zhi-Cheng Wang,Zhi-Gang Yuan,Hai-Lin Wen,Wen-Bin Liu,Jun Wang,Mehdi Derradji
In this study, a novel bio-based benzoxazine-terminated hyperbranched polyester (HB-Dfa) was designed and synthesized using renewable diphenolic acid and furfurylamine as raw materials through self-polymerization and Mannich condensation reaction . Meanwhile, the copolymers based on HB-Dfa and benzoxazine monomer (P-ddm) were prepared to investigate the effect of HB-Dfa on the properties of traditional benzoxazine. The chemical structure of HB-Dfa was elucidated by fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and nuclear magnetic resonance ( 1 H NMR) spectroscopies. The curing behavior and curing kinetics were investigated by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), showing that it possessed a low temperature of exothermic peak and activation energy value compared with the P-ddm. Hence, the curing process of P-ddm was facilitated by the introduction of HB-Dfa. The thermomechanical and thermal properties of P-ddm/HB-Dfa copolymers were determined by dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), respectively. Compared with the pure P-ddm resin, the introduction of HB-Dfa remained most of glass transition temperature ( T g ), cross-linking density and thermal stability, which could promote the curing reaction and reduce the curing temperature of the copolymers . In addition, HB-Dfa exhibited a low dielectric constant (2.46 ≥ k ≥ 2.16) and a low dielectric loss ( f ≤ 0.05) at frequencies range of 2–18 GHz, which could effectively modify the dielectric properties of the copolymer system.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Zhiyi Guo,Qiufei Chen,Zhicheng Wang,Athar Ali Khan Gorar,Zhongcheng Pan,Jun Wang,Wenbin Liu
A bio-based bisphenol compound (DFA) was prepared using bisphenolic acid and furfurylamine in biomass as raw materials. Then, a bio-based amide phthalonitrile monomer (DFAP) was obtained in an environmentally friendly solvent. Nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) proved the successful synthesis of DFA and DFAP. The curing behavior and curing kinetics of the polymer were studied using FT-IR and differential scanning calorimetry. Calculate the activation energy using the isoconversion method. The SB(m, n) autocatalytic reaction model describing the curing process of poly(DFAP) was modified and fitted by introducing the variable activation energy model. The thermal stability, thermomechanical properties and processing properties of the resin were studied using technologies such as thermogravimetric analyzer, dynamic mechanical analyzer and rheometer. The results show that the prepolymer has a wide processing window and a low melt viscosity. Poly(DFAP) has a high glass transition temperature and excellent thermal stability.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Shun Chen,Fuwei Liang,Liping Jin,Chenpeng Ji,Nan Xu,Kun Qian,Wenwen Guo
With the increasing awareness of environmental protection, the demand for eco-friendly bio-derived flame-retardant for textiles has received increasing attention. In this work, a fully bio-derived phosphorylated furan-based flame retardant (FAP) was synthesized by the Schiff reaction of furan-based compounds (furfural and furfurylamine). To evaluate the application scope and flame retardant efficiency of FAP, cotton fabrics and PLA nonwovens were selected as biomass-based representatives of natural fiber materials and synthetic fiber materials, respectively. Significantly, based on the composition of furan ring, phosphorus and nitrogen containing components of FAP, excellent charring and flame retardant properties of coated cotton fabrics and PLA nonwovens can be expected. TGA results showed that the residual char of C-FAP-3 and P-FAP-3 were 39.7% (increased by 267.6%) and 16.7% (increased by 215.1%), respectively, higher than those of control cotton (10.8%) and PLA nonwoven (5.3%). Cone test results exhibited that the peak heat release rate (PHRR) and total heat release (THR) values of C-FAP-3 were sharply decreased by 69.4% and 37.8%, respectively. P-FAP-3 also displayed a significant reduction in PHRR, implying high flame retardancy of C-FAP-3 and P-FAP-3. Notably, through the weight gains of FAP coating on cotton and PLA as well as the final LOI and VBT results of the flame retardant treated fabrics, it can be preliminarily inferred that control cotton fabrics are more likely to achieve better flame retardant effects than PLA. Additionally, the facile synthetic strategy of fully bio-derived flame retardants is expected to promote the development of green flame retardant strategies for high-performance textiles.
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高影响因子
INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2024
·
IF 5.6
Zhichen Ba,Feihan Yu,Haobo Fan,Wenxuan Wang,Yonggui Wang,Daxin Liang,Zefang Xiao,Haigang Wang,Yanjun Xie
Thermal energy storage wood has been rapidly developed as a green and renewable energy-saving building material. In this study, bio-based Schiff bases (VF) were prepared from vanillin and furfurylamine via aldehyde–amine condensation and used as a small molecule fixative. Subsequently, VF and dodecylamine were mixed uniformly and impregnated into rubberwood under pressure, affording thermal energy storage wood (TESW-x%VF). The results revealed that TESW-x%VF exhibited adjustable enthalpy (41.67–88.23 J g −1 ) and room-temperature phase transition (25°C–27°C). Moreover, the addition of VF improved the antileakage performance of TESW. According to density functional theory calculations, this is because the adsorption energy between VF and dodecylamine molecules has increased by 3–8 times compared to dodecylamine molecules. The above results provide a solution for the leakage issue associated with organic phase-change materials and aid in the future development of energy-saving wood building materials, which also improves the high-value utilization of chemical components in agricultural and forestry crops.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2024
·
IF 6.3
Zhenyu Jiang,Zhaobei Chen,Zhonglin Luo,Biaobing Wang
A highly efficient flame retardant TFD was synthesized based on 2-thenaldehyde, furfurylamine and DOPO. When 4 % of TFD is incorporated into EP, EP/TFD-4 exhibits 38.9 % of LOI value and UL-94 V-0 rating. In cone calorimeter test, the peak of heat release rate, total heat release, total smoke production are dropped by 20 %, 9 % and 65 % respectively, and the char residue is increased by 67 % as compared with the pure EP. The P/N/S elements in TFD play important roles both in gas phase and condensed phase. The decomposition of 2-thenaldehyde and furfurylamine moieties produces NH 3 , H 2 S, H 2 O, etc., which partly leak and dilute flammable gases, but majorly participate into structural reorganization in the char layer. The degradation of DOPO group releases phosphorus-containing free radicals and phosphate-like compounds. The former quenches the chain combustion reaction, and the later promotes the formation of a stable carbon layer as a barrier effect. Benefited from the good compatability between TFD and EP, and the fine balance between the increased rigidity and the declined cross-linking density, the EP/TFDs exhibit the strikingly similar transmittance to pure EP in the range of 200–800 nm, and the improved mechanical performance in tensile, flexural, and impact tests.
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EUROPEAN POLYMER JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.8
Bowen Yang,Xin Chen,Yuqi Li,Hong Ruan
Improving the mechanical properties, self-healing capabilities, and recyclability of friction layer materials is crucial for the advancement of high-performance triboelectric nanogenerators (TENG). In this study, self-healing cross-linked polyurethanes were synthesized through the prepolymer technique, employing the Diels-Alder (D-A) reaction between the furan ring and Bismaleimide (BMI). The tensile strength of PU film with 10 wt% MBI is 54 MPa, and the shape recovery rate is 96.99 %. Moreover, it exhibits excellent self-healing and recyclable characteristics. Surface cracks can be healing within 10 min under heat, reshaped through hot pressing, while retaining 93.3 % of its mechanical properties. Additionally, the 2 cm × 2 cm area PU-based TENG can generate a short-circuit current, open-circuit voltage, transferred charge, and power density of 3.6 μA, 89 V, 29 nC, and 2.5 W/m 2 , respectively, at a frequency of 1 Hz. Futhermore, the self-healing efficiency of mechanical properties and the triboelectric output performances were found to reach 93.3 % and 98 %, respectively, after reprocessing. This study introduces a promising method for enhancing self-healing, shape memory characteristics, and the design of wearable TENG devices.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Danbin Zhu,Chenyang Guo,Haocheng Liu,Jiaofeng Ye,Haoran Chen,Jianbin Zhang,Yanhua Liu,Libang Feng
Thermal reversible Diels-Alder reaction (DA) is widely used to prolong the lifespan of polyurethane and cut down maintenance costs. However, it requires high temperature to repair damages with limited repair efficiency. In this study, a novel dual dynamic covalent bonds-based self-healing polyurethane (SPU-DA) with remarkable room temperature repair capability is fabricated by incorporating a custom-made chain extender containing disulfide bonds into DA bonds-based polyurethane. The resultant SPU-DA exhibits good comprehensive mechanical properties, and the tensile strength and elongation at break can reach 9.87 MPa and 636 %, respectively. Meanwhile, cracks emerged in SPU-DA can be repaired efficiently by the synergetic actions of the exchange of disulfide bonds, dissociation of hydrogen bonds, and the thermal reversible DA reaction. Furthermore, SPU-DA can be repaired multiply and the self-repair efficiency reaches 90.1 % at 120 °C and maintains a considerable 71 % even after three damage-repair cycles. More importantly, the as-prepared SPU-DA demonstrates the ability to heal at lower and room temperature. The repair efficiency of 41.3 % is achieved even at room temperature for 24 h without any additional treatment. Therefore, this research offers an ideal method to balance the rigidity provided by Diels-Alder bonds and the self-healing efficiency offered by the disulfide bonds. SPU-DA will be a potential functional material to be utilized in a wide range of engineering applications.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Dongsheng Li,Zhu Tu,Bo Wang,Minglong Li,Zihan Jia,Zhiyong Wei
Currently, it has long been considered a challenge to provide sustainable additives for polylactide (PLA) in green way to endow it excellent comprehensive properties. Given the flammability and unsatisfactory crystallization performance of PLA, a furan-based phosphate furfurylamine trimethylphosphate (FATMP) was synthesized from 2-furfurylamine and amino trimethylphosphonic acid by a simple hydration reaction, and the PLA/FATMP composites were prepared by melting blending process. The tensile performance, crystallization behaviors, flame retardancy, and flame-retardant mechanism received special attention. Results showed that the incorporation of only 3 wt% FATMP could indeed increase the LOI value of PLA from 19.8 to 27.3 %, and simultaneously acquired V-0 rating in the vertical burning test owing to the favorable synergistic effect between the vapor phase and the condensed phase. Additionally, the half-crystallization time of PLA was decreased from 12.4 to 5.1 mins with the addition of FATMP, which acted as a nucleating agent. More appealingly, the tensile performance of PLA/FATMP composites was also well maintained. In general, the PLA/FATMP composites we proposed could be promising candidates in application fields where favorable flame retardancy and crystallization ability are required.
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Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 14
·2029
·
IF 4.7
Tao Yang,Changhong Lin,Min Huang,Puyou Ying,Ping Zhang,Jianbo Wu,Tianle Wang,Alexander Kovalev,Nikolai Myshkin,Vladimir Levchenko
With the background of the fossil fuel energy crisis, the development of self-healing and recyclable polymer materials has become a research hotspot. In this work, a kind of cross-linking agent with pendent furan groups was first prepared and then used to produce the Polyurethane elastomer based on Diels–Alder chemistry (EPU–DA). In addition, in order to further enhance the mechanical properties of the elastomer, cellulose nanofibers (CNFs) were added into the Polyurethane system to prepare a series of composites with various contents of CNF (wt% = 0.1~0.7). Herein, the FTIR and DSC were used to confirm structure and thermal reversible character. The tensile test also indicated that the addition of CNF increased the mechanical properties compared to the pure Polyurethane elastomer. Due to their reversible DA covalent bonds, the elastomer and composites were recycled under high-temperature conditions, which extends Polyurethane elastomers’ practical applications. Moreover, damaged coating can also be repaired, endowing this Polyurethane material with good potential for application in the field of metal protection.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Shuxing Zhang,Xiaoshu Ding,Yanji Wang
5-Amino-1-pentanol is an important pharmaceutical intermediate used in the synthesis of anti-inflammatory and anticancer drugs. The direct hydrogenolysis of furfurylamine to 5-amino-1-pentanol has the advantages of a simple process route and high atom utilization. In this paper, for Pt/ZrO2 catalysts, the effects of different Pt loading and calcination temperatures on catalyst activity, selectivity, and surface properties such as Pt nanoparticle size, acidity and alkalinity, and the ratio of Pt0/(Pt0+Pt2+) were investigated. Through the study of the relationship between catalyst preparation conditions, furfurylamine hydrogenolysis reaction performance, and surface properties, it was found that moderate Pt nanoparticle size, higher Pt0/(Pt0+Pt2+) ratio, and more acidic sites favored furfurylamine hydrogenolysis. The higher number of basic sites favors the dispersion of Pt metal. The results of in situ FTIR show that the amino group of furfurylamine is adsorbed on the acidic site of Pt/ZrO2, and the furan ring is adsorbed on Pt nanoparticles, which is beneficial to the hydrogenolysis of furfurylamine.
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Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Rui Yang,Kan Zhang
Epoxy resins are widely utilized in industrial applications owing to their outstanding thermal mechanical performance and chemical resistance. Nevertheless, conventional epoxy resins often suffer from poor storage stability once blended with curing agents, which limits their broader application. To address this limitation, a novel bio-based benzoxazine monomer ( ISO-fa ) was strategically synthesized through molecular design employing isoliquiritigenin, furfurylamine, and paraformaldehyde as raw materials. The incorporation of intramolecular hydrogen bonding imparts latent curing characteristic to this monomer, enabling precise control over the curing process. Besides, the resulting polybenzoxazine ( poly(ISO-fa) ) demonstrated an exceptional integration of thermal properties. When employed to apply as latent curing agent for the epoxy resin (DGEBA), ISO-fa facilitated the development of an intelligent system that combined latent curing behavior with enhanced material performance. Specifically, DGEBA/ISO-fa exhibited significantly improved storage stability and its resulting poly(DGEBA/ISO-fa) showed exceptional performance with a glass transition temperature ( T g ) of 210 °C, a residual char yield of 39.9 % at 800 °C, and a remarkably low heat release capacity (HRC) of 94.53 J·g⁻¹ ·K⁻¹ . This study addresses the limitations of conventional epoxy resins and provides an innovative strategy for developing high-performance single-component epoxy thermosetting systems. Moreover, the newly obtained ISO-fa also represents a practical example of how molecular design can be leveraged to achieve both processability and performance enhancements in advanced materials.
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POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2025
·
IF 4
Gorar Athar Ali Khan,Zhiyi Guo,Zhicheng Wang,Daham Abbas,wang Xudong,Wang Jun,Liu Wen-Bin
Using agricultural waste as biocarbon material is a recent development with many potential applications. Nutshells can be utilized to produce biocarbon, enhancing the electrical properties of thermoset composites. In this research, Walnut shells (WSs) were carbonized at 750 °C, and activated carbon filler was thoroughly examined. Isothermal compression molding was used, and composites were produced by incorporating 1–2.5 wt.% of carbonized bio-filler (CW) into Vanillin-furfuryl amine-derived bio-benzoxazine. The composites showed improved thermal stability, increasing from 293 to 321 °C; Char yield enhanced from 53.3% to 60.4%. The flexural modulus and flexural strength exhibited enhancements of 41.3% and 20%, respectively, while toughness significantly increased from 0.87 to 0.94 N-mm compared to the neat matrix. Heat deflection temperature tests showed improved thermomechanical properties in composites. Flammability tests indicated that they are flame-resistant and fire-safe due to the CW filler. Thermal conductivity enhanced by 6%, and dielectric characteristics increased by 56.7% with 2.5 wt.% filler reinforcement. With the above findings, these composites can be utilized in designing parts exposed to fire, high temperatures, efficient energy storage, enhanced functionality in electronic devices, and improved insulation efficiency.
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