INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
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2025
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IF 6.2
Xinyu Guo,Chuchu Chen,Huan Jiao,Wenjuan Wu,Yongcan Jin,Zhiqiang Liang,Bo Jiang
Lignin-based carbon materials constructed by additive manufacturing are at the forefront for energy and environment research due to the abundant carbon element, low-cost, and sustainable features of lignin. Yet the uncontrollable rheological behavior and rigid structure often lead to lignin being used as an additive and the amount is very low, impeding its efficient application. Herein, we developed a low-cost direct ink writing strategy to fabricate 3D scaffolds with high lignin content (over 80 %). The printed filaments display excellent self-supporting capacity and keep intact even subjected to carbonization. As a proof of concept, the branches-leaves-inspired Pd/TiO 2 hierarchical photocatalyst was further decorated on the carbonized scaffolds for efficient catalytic reduction of 4-nitrophenol. Combined the controllable macro- and micro-structure of the scaffolds, the high light harvesting ability and specific surface area of Pd/TiO 2 hierarchical structure, the carbon-based catalyst demonstrates outstanding photocatalytic reduction activity to 4-nitrophenol, with the turnover frequency value up to 8.73 min −1 , much higher than most other carbon-based catalysts. The developed carbon-based hierarchical photocatalyst also shows good catalytic stability and reusability. This facile and scalable high content lignin 3D printing technique opens a new avenue to fabricate lignin-based carbon materials for widespread applications.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Weiwei Shu,Lu Yang,Wu Lan,Manman Yu,Liang Yuan,Chuanfu Liu,Zengyong Li
Developing a mild and efficient pretreatment technique to fully utilize lignocellulosic biomass remains a challenge. In this work, a biphasic system with 2-phenoxyethanol (EPH) organic solvent and phosphotungstic acid (PTA) aqueous solution was employed to pretreat corn stover. The prominent synergistic effect between EPH and PTA was revealed to play a key role in the fractionation of corn stover. The excellent separation efficiency with 88.55 % cellulose retention, 85.02 % xylan removal, and 86.68 % lignin removal was achieved under mild pretreatment conditions. The 62.18 % of xylose in aqueous phase, and 83.44 % of lignin from organic phase were recovered after the EPH/PTA biphasic pretreatment. Furthermore, the solid residue was digested with high enzymatic glucose yield of 92.69 %, and the xylose was oxidated with xylonic acid yield of 50.06 %. Meanwhile, the high-performance lignin-based films were manufactured by using the recovered lignin. This study presented a promising way for high-value utilization of lignocellulosic biomass.
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BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 9.7
Yulu He,Ruojin Shen,Lupeng Shao,Chao Wang,Guihua Yang,Feng Xu
An innovative binary biol-based deep eutectic solvent (DES), specifically ethylamine hydrochloride-ethylene glycol (EaCl-EG), was developed for efficient pretreatment of eucalyptus biomass. This DES exhibited superior performance in achieving high delignification (85.0%) and xylan removal (80.0%), while preserving a significant amount of cellulose (94.5%) compared to choline chloride-based DES. Notably, the pretreated eucalyptus residues showed a remarkable glucose yield of over 92.5%, representing a substantial enhancement of up to 15 times compared to untreated eucalyptus. Furthermore, the pretreated liquor yielded high-purity lignin with a yield of 97.8%, characterized by well-preserved β-O-4 structure and nanoscale dimensions. These lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were subsequently self-assembled into lignin nanobottles (LNBs), adding further value to the pretreatment process. The proposed novel binary EaCl-EG DES presented great potential as an efficient pretreatment solvent for future biomass fractionation processes.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2024
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IF 9.4
Zhongke Li,Jing Yang,Xiande Yang,Hongxi Zhang,Liang Wei
Lignin is a promising alternative to fossil resources due to its abundance of benzene ring monomers. However, the stability of the C α C β bond in lignin has hindered its efficient depolymerization. Electrochemical methods for breaking this bond are not well-studied. This paper presents a novel approach for catalytic depolymerization of lignin to produce acetals under mild conditions, without the need for additional catalysts. Under room temperature and in an air atmosphere, the combination of tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF 4 ) as an auxiliary electrolyte and methanol (MeOH) as a solvent has shown high selectivity in catalyzing the cleavage of C α C β bonds in lignin. Over 90.0 % of the resulting products are acetals, with the optimal conditions being a substrate concentration of 0.02 M, TBABF 4 concentration of 0.008 M, a constant current of 30 mA, and a reaction time of 3 h. This led to a substrate conversion rate of 95.8 % and a product yield of 98.0 % for benzaldehyde dimethyl acetal (Bda). The mechanism study reveals that the tributyl ammonium radical cation decomposed by TBABF 4 is adsorbed on the electrode surface. Subsequently, the adsorbed O 2 is activated to form superoxide anion radical active species through single electron transfer, which plays a crucial catalytic role. TBABF 4 acts as both an auxiliary electrolyte and a catalyst in this process. This research introduces a novel approach for electrocatalytic depolymerization of inert C α C β bonds in lignin, leading to the selective conversion into acetal chemicals.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Xinxin Zhang,Gang Li,Chen Chen,Hongxian Fan,Jing Fang,Xingjiang Wu,Junjie Qi,Hao Li
This study aims to develop a chitosan/polyvinyl alcohol (CS/PVA) composite film (QZCS/PVA) for food packaging, enhanced by the incorporation of quaternary ammonium lignin/ZnO nanoparticles (QAL/ZnO) to improve its antibacterial, antioxidant, and mechanical properties. The QAL/ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using a co-precipitation method, resulting in a synergistic effect that enhances the uniformity and stability of the composite film. The double cross-linked CS/PVA composite film containing QAL/ZnO nanoparticles effectively mitigates the brittleness of pure chitosan films, achieving a tensile strength of 95.89 MPa. Crucially, the inclusion of QAL/ZnO imparts exceptional antioxidant and antibacterial properties to the QZCS/PVA composite film. Disk diffusion assays revealed markedly enhanced antibacterial efficacy against Staphylococcus aureus and Escherichia coli in comparison to analogous biopolymer films. The dense network structure of the composite film also provides excellent water resistance, which contributes to extending the shelf life of food products. In a 12-day grape preservation experiment, the composite film exhibited outstanding preservation performance. These results underscore the potential of the CS/PVA composite film containing lignin and chitosan for food packaging applications, offering significant advantages in improving food preservation.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Bohan Sun,Huimin Sun,Leshan Zhang,Wei Hu,Xin Wang,Charles S. Brennan,Dandan Han,Gang Wu,Yanglei Yi,Xin Lü
Lignin, with its complex, high-molecular-weight aromatic polymer structure and stable ether or ester bonds, greatly impedes the efficient degradation of lignocellulosic waste. Bacterial laccases have gained attention for their potential in lignocellulosic waste degradation due to their resilience in extreme conditions and ability to be produced in large quantities. In this study, a novel laccase from Geobacillus thermocatenulatus M17 was identified and expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3). The enzymatic properties of this M17 laccase, including its tolerance to pH, temperature, metal ions, inhibitors, and organic solvents, were thoroughly investigated. The M17 laccase demonstrated optimal activity at pH 3–6 and at temperatures of 50–60 °C, with Co 2+ enhancing its activity over Cu 2+ , and exhibited strong resistance to organic solvents. Further optimization through mutagenesis led to the engineered D217K variant. The efficiency of the engineered laccase was validated with alkali lignin and various sources of plant biomass. The degradation rate of D217K variant for alkali lignin increased significantly, rising from 66.33 % to 83.27 %. Additionally, for high-lignin-content biomass, the degradation rates improved as follows: wheat stover increased from 7.63 % to 10.29 %, switchgrass from 6.02 % to 7.00 %, and corn stalk from 4.51 % to 6.59 %. In conclusion, this study identified a new bacterial laccase and further enhanced its activity through rational engineering, suggesting its promising application in plant biomass degradation.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
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2024
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IF 8.5
Xinling Wu,Qiang Zhang,Deyi Zhou,Li Zhang,Haigen Zhou,Xiaodi Gao,Xuwen Fang,Chao Huo,Jinsong Zhang
Pickering emulsions (PEs) have wide applications in delivering nutraceuticals. However, the impact of extracting nanocellulose from corn stover on stabilizing PEs and delivering nutraceuticals remains unclear. In this study, four types of nanocellulose, cellulose nanocrystals (CNC), cellulose nanofibers (CNF), lignin-containing cellulose nanocrystals (LCNC), and lignin-containing cellulose nanofibers (LCNF) were successfully prepared from corn stover, an agricultural waste. Among them, LCNC and LCNF exhibited stable reticulated microstructures, lower crystallinity, and excellent thermal stability. Besides, lignin enhanced the nanoparticles' hydrophobicity, promoting the formation of more ideally amphiphilic particles, resulting in denser emulsions at the oil-water interface. Furthermore, emulsions stabilized by LCNC and LCNF demonstrated remarkable resistance to quercetin degradation under UV light exposure (with residual level exceeding 90 %) and improved quercetin's bioaccessibility during the in vitro digestion tests, achieving the highest bioaccessibility of 48.3 %. This study provided an innovative perspective on utilizing stover-derived materials for stabilizing PEs and delivering lipophilic nutrients.
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CONSTRUCTION AND BUILDING MATERIALS
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2025
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IF 8
Lijun Sun,Xiaoyu Xu,Xingyu Gu,Dongliang Hu,Zhou Zhou
Lignin, the second most abundant renewable biopolymer, has great potential for utilization. This study enhances lignin’s antioxidant activity through modifying its structure with laccase and evaluate its effect on asphalt binder performance. This study evaluates the effects of reaction conditions (pH, time, temperature, and laccase dosage) on the chemical structure and antioxidant activity of enzymatic hydrolysis lignin (EHL). Waste lignin and EHL modified binders (WLA and ELA) were subjected to chemical and rheological analyses under different aging conditions. Results showed that laccase treatment increases phenolic hydroxy (Ph-OH) groups in lignin, enhancing antioxidant activity. Optimal conditions were pH of 5.0, 25 °C, 6 h, and 1.2 mL/g laccase. FTIR results indicated that EHL inhibits oxidation and decelerates binder aging. Rheological tests demonstrated improved binder’s resistance to aging, deformation, cracking, and fatigue compared to waste lignin. This study supports sustainable road construction by enhancing waste lignin through biomodification and conserving non-renewable resources.
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ChemSusChem
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2024
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IF 7.5
Xing Long,Mingzhu Yao,Shaoyan Wang,Chuangqi Ren,Xiao Zhao,Chengrong Qin,Chen Liang,Caoxing Huang,Shuangquan Yao
Separation of lignin by pretreatment is an important step in biomass refining. This study investigated how a novel dicarboxylic acid-based deep eutectic solvent (DES) - choline chloride (ChCl)/malonic acid (MA) - affected the process of separating lignin from poplar. At 140°C for 3.0 h, with a ChCl:MA molar ratio of 1:3.5, the ideal pretreatment conditions are met, and 91.8% lignin was obtained. Even after five DES reuses, the consistent and effective separation efficiency of 77.9% remains unchanged. The hydrolysate contained 92.4% of the recovered lignin, with a purity of 94.6%. Moreover, the regenerated lignin obtained through the new DES pretreatment exhibited a high phenolic hydroxyl content of 1.9 mmol∙g−1 and a low polydispersity index of 1.4. The results showed efficient and selective separation of lignin using the new binary carboxylic acid-based DES pretreatment was achieved. This research offers a novel approach to effectively separate wood fiber biomass and extract valuable lignin.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2024
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IF 7.7
Qiansen Wang,Louyu Wang,Chao Li,Cong Jiang,Jinwen Hu,Yanna Lv,Yehan Tao,Jie Lu,Gaofeng Pan,Jian Du,Haisong Wang
High-value utilization of bleached lignin has been widely used in different fields, whereas the investigation on darkened lignin in composite materials was often ignored. In this work, a sort of eco-friendly and structurally robust sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC)/polyvinyl alcohol (PVA)/sodium lignosulfonate (SLS) black composite mulch film was elaborately designed. The chelation and redox reaction effect between Fe ions and SLS lead to the formation of a more quinones structure on lignin, darkening both lignin and the mulch films. The chelation effect between Fe ions and biopolymer formed three-dimensional structures, which can be used as sacrifice bonds to dissipate energy and improve the mechanical properties of the composite films . In particular, the maximum elongation at break and toughness increased from 48.4 % and 1141 kJ/m 3 for the CMC/PVA film to 210.9 % and 1426 kJ/m 3 for the optimized CMC/PVA/SLS/Fe black mulch film, respectively. In addition, the optimized black mulch film also possesses good soil water retention, thermal preservation effect, controlled urea release, and well biodegradability. This work offered a novel strategy for designing eco-friendly black mulch with reinforced mechanical strength , slow-release urea, soil moisture retention, and heat preservation performances.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
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2025
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IF 8.5
Ruoteng Ma,Chao Duan,Chenyue Yan,Kang Yang,Qi Fan,Xiaorang Nie,Lei Dai,Yonghao Ni
Most of the bio-based hydrogels tend to malfunction under a high-temperature condition, as the crosslinked network structure readily disintegrates, failing to meet the demands of hot environment. Herein, we exploit a thermostable composite hydrogel (CH) mainly using bio-based hyperbranched lignin nanoparticles (H-LNPs), TEMPO-oxidized cellulose nanofibers (TOCN), and scleroglucan (Slg), followed by a slow evaporation to form a multifunctional CH film. Thanks to the uniform distribution of H-LNPs and TOCN, which are rich in hydroxyl groups, within the hydrogel matrix, the crosslinking density, storage modulus, loss modulus, and thermal stability of the CHs are remarkably enhanced. As a result, the optimum CH demonstrates excellent thermal resistance and structural stability even after 196 h at 140 °C. Moreover, the resultant CH film exhibits outstanding UV shielding (>99.8 %) and solar radiation shielding (cooling 6.6 °C), endowing it as an ideal candidate for thermal insulation. These findings underscore the potential of H-LNPs in the development of robust, thermostable, and thermally insulating hydrogels for industrial applications in extreme environments.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2024
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IF 7.1
Liheng Chen,Tang Li,Xueqing Qiu,Yanlin Qin
This study addresses the challenge of pH-triggered charge reversal nanoparticles (pH-CRNPs), focusing on enhancing their precision and scalability for widespread use. Leveraging the unique properties of lignin, a renewable aromatic macromolecule abundant in plants, we developed lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) through chemical modification with various amino acids followed by methylation in one pot. Methylation partially sealed negative charges, enhancing hydrophobicity, and enabled self-assembly into colloidal spheres with pH responsiveness under alkaline conditions. This innovative approach overcomes the limitations of weak positive charges in conventional LNPs, expanding their application beyond highly acidic tissues. Comprehensive studies explored the relationship between the molecular structure and colloidal sphere stability. Notably, the reagents used exhibited low toxicity, positioning these LNPs as promising candidates for drug delivery with simplified purification steps. This research contributes to the advancement of green synthesis strategies, making LNPs more accessible and efficient for diverse biomedical applications.
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