JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR LIQUIDS
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2014
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IF 2.083
Jian-Rong Li,Xu Wang,Baoling Yuan,Ming-Lai Fu
The layered chalcogenide, K 2x Mn x Sn 3− x S 6 (x = 0.5 –0.95), which exhibited excellent adsorption properties for removal of Cu 2 + from aqueous solution, was synthesized hydrothermally. X-ray diffraction (XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM) and energy dispersive spectrometer (EDS) were used to characterize the crystal structure, chemical composition and micro-morphologies of KMS-1 before and after adsorption. Cu 2 + can covalently bond with sulfur atoms after it exchanged with K + . The interlayer spacing of KMS-1 was changed from 0.851 nm to 0.592 nm after adsorption. The sizes of KMS-1 crystalline after adsorption changed to smaller. The effects of pH, reaction time, initial concentration, reaction temperature and coexisting ions on the adsorption of Cu 2 + by KMS-1 were studied. The pH was found to be a slight factor determining adsorption capacity at pH from 3 to 6. Kinetic data were fitted well to a pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the rate controlling steps were external film diffusion and intraparticle diffusion at different temperatures. The activation energy for the adsorption process was estimated to be 45.15 kJ/mol. The maximum adsorption capacity of KMS-1 was 164.7, 155.6 and 152.7 mg/g at a temperature of 10, 25 and 40 °C, respectively. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm was used to fit the adsorption equilibrium process. The alkaline and alkaline earth metal ions had slight effect on the removal efficiency of Cu 2 + and the degree of inhibition followed the order: Ca 2 + > Mg 2 + > Na + . The heavy metal ions had great effect on the removal efficiency of Cu 2 + and the degree of inhibition followed the order: Cd 2 + > Pb 2 + > Zn 2 + > Ni 2 + . The adsorbed KMS-1 can be considered as an excellent permanent waste storage without the risk of leaching of Cu 2 + .
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Scientific Reports
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2014
·Vol. 4
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 5.078
Zhong Jie,Xia Zhe,Luo Miao,Zhao Juan,Chen Jie,Wang Liang,Liu Xinsheng,Xue Ding-Jiang,Cheng Yi-Bing,Song Haisheng,Tang Jiang
To obtain high photovoltaic performances for the emerging copper zinc tin sulfide/selenide (CZTSSe) thin film solar cells, much effort has deservedly been placed on CZTSSe phase purification and CZTSSe grain size enhancement. Another highly crucial but less explored factor for device performance is the elemental constitution of CZTSSe surface, which is at the heart of p-n junction where major photogenerated carriers generate and separate. In this work we demonstrate that, despite the well-built phase and large grained films are observed by common phases and morphology characterization (XRD, Raman and SEM), prominent device efficiency variations from short circuited to 6.4% are obtained. Insight study highlights that the surface (0–250 nm) compositions variation results in different bulk defect depths and doping densities in the depletion zone. We propose that suitable sulfurization (at ~10 kPa sulfur pressure) drives optimization of surface constitution by managing the Cu, Zn and Sn diffusion and surface reaction. Therefore, our study reveals that the balance of elemental diffusion and interface reactions is the key to tuning the surface quality CZTSSe film and thus the performance of as resulted devices.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2013
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IF 5.008
Mingxi Chen,Congcong Zhang,Lingzhi Li,Yu Liu,Xichuan Li,Xiaoyang Xu,Fengling Xia,Wei Wang,Jianping Gao
A facile approach to prepare SnO2/rGO (reduced graphene oxide) hybrid nanoparticles by a direct redox reaction between graphene oxide (GO) and tin powder was developed. Since no acid was used, it is an environmentally friendly green method. The SnO2/rGO hybrid nanoparticles were characterized by ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy, Raman spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, X-ray diffraction analysis, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The microstructure of the SnO2/rGO was observed with scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The tin powder efficiently reduced GO to rGO, and the Sn was transformed to SnO2 nanoparticles (∼45 nm) that were evenly distributed on the rGO sheets. The SnO2/rGO hybrid nanoparticles were then coated on an interdigital electrode to fabricate a humidity sensor, which have an especially good linear impedance response from 11% to 85% relative humidity.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
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2014
·Vol. 43
·期 6
·2435-2439
·
IF 1.675
Tan Qing,Li Jing-Feng
To study the possibility of SnS as an earth-abundant and environmentally friendly thermoelectric material, the electrical and thermal transport properties of bulk materials prepared by combining mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering were investigated. It was revealed that SnS has potential as a good thermoelectric material, benefiting from its intrinsically low thermal conductivity below 1.0 W/m/K above 400 K and its high Seebeck coefficient over 500 μ V/K. Although the highest ZT value was 0.16 at 823 K in the pristine sample, further enhancement can be expected through chemical doping to increase the electrical conductivity. It was also revealed that changing the stoichiometric ratio and sintering temperature had less apparent influence on the microstructure and thermoelectric properties of SnS because redundant S in the powders decomposed during the sintering process.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2014
·
IF 2.726
Peng Zheng,Haijun Wu,Jialin Guo,Jianhui Dong,Suping Jia,Zhenping Zhu
Doping nitrogen in TiO 2 crystals is a simple and effective approach to extend the absorption spectrum of TiO 2 to visible light range, but it leads to a serious decline in charge transfer and total loss of the catalytic ability for overall water splitting. Here, TiO 2 was co-doped with phosphorus and nitrogen by high temperature method and found the sample of P–N–TiO 2 -I could realize overall water splitting under visible light while the samples of P–N–TiO 2 -II, P–N–TiO 2 -III and N–TiO 2 cannot do it. The structures of the photocatalysts were described by various analytical techniques. Through XRD and HRTEM, lots of long-range defect such as twins and dislocations could be clearly observed for P–N–TiO 2 -II, P–N–TiO 2 -III and N–TiO 2 . But for P–N–TiO 2 -I, the long-range defect was decreased drastically. We proposed that because of various sizes and bonding modes of N, O, P and Ti, proper mole ratios of P to N replace Ti and O respectively can reduce the long-range defect, as that of P–N–TiO 2 -I. Furthermore, this co-doping effect results in a significant improvement in the separation of photo-excited electrons and holes and enables the nitrogen-doping TiO 2 to catalyze the overall splitting of water into molecular hydrogen and oxygen under visible light irradiation, in the absence of sacrificial agents. These observations might arouse new strategies to mend the hybrid-atom-doping-induced structural damage in semiconductor crystals and to modulate their functional properties.
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
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2014
·
IF 3.552
Jian-Wen Shi,Hui-Ying Ai,Jian-Wei Chen,Hao-Jie Cui,Ming-Lai Fu
Composite photocatalysts composed of nitrogen-doped anatase TiO 2 plates with exposed {0 0 1} facets (NTS) and graphene nanosheets (G) were firstly synthesized by a facile one-pot hydrothermal process. The morphologies, structural properties, and photocatalytic activities of the resultant NTS/G composites were investigated in detail. Graphene nanosheets were demonstrated play three important roles in the NTS/G composites, as transporter of photo-excited electrons, extender of light absorption range and enhancer of adsorptive capacity, respectively. Due to the effective charge anti-recombination, the efficient utilization of the visible light and the high adsorptive capacity to target pollutants, the composites exhibited significant improvement in photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue under visible light irradiation. Based on the results, the mechanism of enhanced visible-light photocatalytic activity on NTS/G composites was proposed.
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JOURNAL OF MEMBRANE SCIENCE
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2015
·
IF 5.056
Wenbin Shi,Linjun Zhang,Jie Deng,Dongsheng Wang,Shudong Sun,Weifeng Zhao,Changsheng Zhao
Redox-responsive materials have attracted much attention, and redox-responsive membrane is strongly desired since enormous numbers of redox reactions carry out in living systems. Herein, a novel polymeric membrane with redox-resposive hydraulic permeability is fabricated by introducing a reversible redox-responsive system based on the host–guest complex between ferrocene (Fc) and β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) into polyethersulfone (PES) membrane. As the result of reversible redox-responsive formation or deformation of the complex, the water flux for the membrane with 18.3 wt% redox-responsive materials was 270 mL/m 2 mmHg h in original state, while increased to 1022 mL/m 2 mmHg h in oxidation state and decreased to 538 mL/m 2 mmHg h in reduction state. In addition, the results of water contact angle, surface zeta potential and the gas flow/liquid displacement confirmed that the origin of the redox-responsive hydraulic permeability were the change of the pore size and porosity for the modified membranes. The redox-responsive membranes have great potential to be utilized in the fields of chemical detection, drug delivery, biological treatments and so on.
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JOURNAL OF CRYSTAL GROWTH
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2015
·
IF 1.698
Huacheng Cai,Wendong Wang,Peiwen Liu,Guangming Wang,Ankang Liu,Zhe He,Zhaofang Cheng,Shengli Zhang,Minggang Xia
We demonstrate tin (Sn) nanowires growth enhanced by Selenium (Se) atoms via physical vapor transport (PVT) method. The Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy show that Sn nanowires are synthesized with a large quantity, good quality and high purity of Sn. The growth of Sn nanowires is attributed to Solid–Vapor–Liquid mechanism. The effects of gold nanoparticles catalyst, Si substrate, and Se atoms on Sn nanowires growth are discussed in detail. We find that Se atom plays a key role in the growth of Sn nanowires. The gaseous Sn atoms are absorbed by the eutectic alloy droplets of Se–Au at first. Then Sn atoms precipitate at the liquid–solid phase interface due to a supersaturated solution and form a one-dimensional nanostructure. In all, this PVT method could provide a simple and quick way to synthesize monocrystalline Sn nanowires with an advantage in both quality and quantity. The optical transmittance of Sn nanowires thin film with 2 μm 2 density approaches 85–90% in visible wavelength. Therefore, the Sn nanowires thin film can be applied to transparent electrode along with their metallic property.
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SURFACE & COATINGS TECHNOLOGY
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2017
·
IF 2.589
K.Q. Song,Z.C. Lu,M. Zhu,R.Z. Hu,M.Q. Zeng
Nanocomposite Al–Sn-based bearing alloys produced by mechanical alloying (MA) exhibit high hardness; however, their poor sintering density and ductility limit their wide spread application. Here, we present a strategy to produce a dual-scale structure in an Al–Sn–Si alloy consisting of coarse and ultrafine grains through a combination of conventional powder sintering and thermomechanical treatment . We found that severe deformation and the presence of an Al–Si eutectic mixture for sample induced abnormal grain growth of Al to create the dual-scale Al–Sn–Si alloy through annealing treatment. An optimum matching of ductility and strength , and optimum wear performance were achieved at annealing temperatures of 500 and 550 °C. Detailed investigation of the wear mechanism revealed that the combination of high strength and high ductility provided by the dual-scale structure is a key factor for the improvement of the wear properties.
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ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 1.8
Longjin Tian,Ying Liu,Wen Qiu,Guozhi Fan,Cheng Pan,Qunpeng Cheng
To solve the bottleneck of low degradation rate and low biogas yield in anaerobic digestion of food waste, the addition of anionic surfactant sodium N-lauroylsarcosinate (SN) and nonionic surfactant primary alcohol ethoxylate (AEO) were proposed. The results showed that both surfactants could promote the methane production and facilitate the degradation of food waste. The highest methane yield per mass of volatile solid was obtained in 0.1 g/L AEO (497.14 mL) and 1 g/L SN (445.51 mL), which was improved by 92% and 72% compared with the control group. While with the increase of surfactant concentration, methane yield was decreased due to negative effect caused by the surfactant. This corresponded with the variation of pH, total volatile fatty acids (TVFAs), and soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD). The microbial community analysis showed that the relative abundance of methanobacterium increased while the relative abundance of methanosaeta decreased after the addition of surfactant. Meanwhile, the methane production pathway was shifted from codominance of hydrogenotrophic and aceticlastic methanogens to predominance by hydrogenotrophic methanogens in the groups with low concentration of AEO and SN.
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Nature Energy
·
2024
·
IF 49.7
Yu Danni,Pan Mengling,Liu Gaoqi,Jiang Xianyuan,Wen Xin,Li Wenzhuo,Chen Shaojie,Zhou Wenjia,Wang Hao,Lu Yue,Ma Mingyu,Zang Zihao,Cheng Peihong,Ji Qingqing,Zheng Fan,Ning Zhijun
Tin–lead mixed perovskite-based tandem solar cells show promise. However, the inherent oxidation of tin remains a challenge for achieving high power conversion efficiency and device stability. In this study, we present an approach to address this challenge by developing an electron-withdrawing chloromethyl phosphonic acid ligand based on the substituent effect, designed to mitigate tin oxidation in tin–lead mixed perovskite materials. The introduction of this electron-withdrawing ligand improves the redox potential of the tin adduct. Furthermore, it leads to a substantial increase in the ionization potential of the perovskite structure. Through comparative analysis with conventional coordinating molecules, we reveal that the electron-withdrawing ligand is more effective in suppressing tin oxidation and reducing the defect density within the tin-based perovskite film. Using our approach, we demonstrate certified efficiency of 26.96% for all-perovskite tandem solar cells.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.1
Xiaoquan Han,Tianqi Li,Jianxun Zhao,Shang Gao,Jing Zhao,Wanqiang Liu
Despite the recent resurgence of rechargeable aqueous zinc batteries (RAZBs), challenges persist for Zn metal anodes, including dendrite growth and corrosion in mild aqueous electrolytes during cycling. Developing a simple and effective solution is crucial. This study introduces a one-step strategy to create a protective layer at room temperature comprising the superconductor Nb3Sn and embedded Zn foil. The Nb3Sn–Zn composite, with a high Zn2+ transfer number and uniform nucleation sites, exhibits excellent zinc affinity and synergistic effects. This composite effectively inhibits dendrite growth by controlling Zn nucleation and prevents Zn corrosion and hydrogen evolution by shielding the Zn metal surface from electrolyte attack. The Nb3Sn–Zn composite shows remarkable electrochemical properties, including a low voltage hysteresis, high Coulombic efficiency, and prolonged cycling stability. Furthermore, a full cell utilizing the Nb3Sn–Zn anode and MnO2 cathode demonstrates superior rate capability and cycle life stability. The present research introduces an innovative methodology for the design of dendrite-free Zn anodes suitable for practical applications.
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