International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
·
2022
·Vol. 20
·期 3
·1855-1864
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IF 2.328
Shi Fu,Zengchao Yang,Honghua Li,Liang Wang,Yong Li,Jiangtao Li
Si 3 N 4 ceramics were prepared by gas pressure sintering at 1900°C for 12 h under a nitrogen pressure of 1 MPa using Gd 2 O 3 and MgSiN 2 as sintering additives. The effects of the Gd 2 O 3 /MgSiN 2 ratio on the densification, microstructure, mechanical properties, and thermal conductivity of Si 3 N 4 ceramics were systematically investigated. It was found that a low Gd 2 O 3 /MgSiN 2 ratio facilitated the thermal diffusivity of Si 3 N 4 ceramics while a high Gd 2 O 3 /MgSiN 2 ratio benefited the densification and mechanical properties. When the Gd 2 O 3 /MgSiN 2 ratio was 1:1, Si 3 N 4 ceramics obtained an obvious exaggerated bimodal microstructure and the optimal properties. The thermal conductivity, flexural strength, and fracture toughness were 124 W·m −1 ·k −1 , 648 MPa, and 9.12 MPa·m 1/2 , respectively. Comparing with the results in the literature, it was shown that Gd 2 O 3 -MgSiN 2 was an effective additives system for obtaining Si 3 N 4 ceramics with high thermal conductivity and superior mechanical properties.
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International Journal of Applied Ceramic Technology
·
2022
·Vol. 19
·期 6
·3403-3409
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IF 2.328
Minzhong Huang,Yao Huang,Jun Ou,Yangyang Wu,Junye Wang,Shanghua Wu
Enhancement of the thermal conductivity of silicon nitride is usually achieved by sacrificing its mechanical properties (bending strength). In this study, β-Si 3 N 4 ceramics were prepared using self-synthesized Y 3 Si 2 C 2 and MgO as sintering additives. It was found that the thermal conductivity of the Si 3 N 4 ceramics was remarkably improved without sacrificing their mechanical properties. The microstructure and properties of the Si 3 N 4 ceramics were analyzed and compared with those of the Y 2 O 3 -MgO additives. The addition of Y 3 Si 2 C 2 eliminated the inherent SiO 2 and introduced nitrogen to increase the N/O ratio of the grain-boundary phase, inducing Si 3 N 4 grain growth, increasing Si 3 N 4 grain contiguity, and reducing lattice oxygen content in Si 3 N 4 . Therefore, by replacing Y 2 O 3 with Y 3 Si 2 C 2 , the thermal conductivity of the Si 3 N 4 ceramics was significantly increased by 31.5% from 85 to 111.8Wm −1 K −1 , but the bending strength only slightly decreased from 704 ± 63MPa to 669 ± 33MPa.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·
IF 3.83
Qiang Zhi,Bo Wang,Shan Zhao,Zhao Zhang,Yu-Chen Deng,Bao-Qiang Hou,Nan-Long Zhang,Jian-Feng Yang
Si 3 N 4 ceramic with ultrafine fibrous grains are expected to exhibit remarkable mechanical properties . In this work, highly porous Si 3 N 4 ceramic monoliths composed of ultrafine fibrous grains were developed via a novel vapor-solid carbothermal reduction nitridation (V-S CRN) reaction between SiO vapor and green bodies comprised of carbon nanotubes (CNTs), α-Si 3 N 4 diluents and Y 2 O 3 in a N 2 atmosphere. The unique fibrous grains-interconnected structure was developed through in-situ formation of Si 3 N 4 and following liquid phase sintering . The porous Si 3 N 4 monoliths with porosity of 61–78% was developed by controlling the contents of α-Si 3 N 4 diluents and densities of the CNT green bodies. With increasing of the α-Si 3 N 4 contents, Si 3 N 4 fibrous grains with an aspect ratio of approximate or higher than 20 could be achieved, and the grains were gradually refined. For the samples with 40 wt% α-Si 3 N 4 , the minimum mean grain diameter and pore size of 164 nm and 0.79 μm were achieved, respectively, and the resultant porous Si 3 N 4 monolith exhibited a flexural strength of as high as 73–102 MPa with the porosity of 61–73%, which is much higher than that of the reported in literature. The improvement of mechanical strength could be attributed to the densely interconnected bird's nests structure formed by the ultrafine fibrous grains. The effects of the α-Si 3 N 4 diluents on the resulting porous Si 3 N 4 monolith via this method were analyzed.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2020
·Vol. 103
·期 10
·5567-5572
·
IF 3.502
Weide Wang,Dongxu Yao,Hanqin Liang,Yongfeng Xia,Kaihui Zuo,Jinwei Yin,Yu-Ping Zeng
A two-step sintering process was conducted to produce β-Si 3 N 4 ceramics with high thermal conductivity. During the first step, native SiO 2 was eliminated, and Y 2 O 3 was in situ generated by a metal hydride reduction process, resulting in a high Y 2 O 3 /SiO 2 ratio. The substitution YH 2 for Y 2 O 3 endow Si 3 N 4 ceramics with an increase of 29% in thermal conductivity from 95.3 to 123 W m −1 K −1 after sintered at 1900°C for 12 hours despite an inferior sinterability. This was primarily attributed to the purified enlarged grains, devitrified grain boundary phase, and reduced lattice oxygen content in the YH 2 -MgO-doped material.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2021
·
IF 5.302
Rui-Lin Lin,Wei-Chao Bao,Jun-Jie Yu,Wei-Ming Guo,Hua-Tay Lin
Based on the previous work on Si 3 N 4 -ZrB 2 , the addition of 2.5 vol.% ZrB 2 promoted α - to β -Si 3 N 4 phase transformation, bimodal microstructure, and toughness and strength improvement after hot-pressing at 1500 °C. However, the mechanism needed to be further explored. In the present work, the effect of ZrB 2 and its oxide impurities (ZrO 2 and B 2 O 3 ) on phase composition, microstructure and mechanical properties of Si 3 N 4 ceramics with MgO-Yb 2 O 3 additives were studied. Results showed that the addition of B 2 O 3 had no influence on Si 3 N 4 ceramics, whereas the addition of ZrO 2 inhibited the α - to β -Si 3 N 4 phase transformation, formed an uniform equiaxed microstructure, and deceased the toughness and strength. The positive effect of oxide impurities can be eliminated. Based on the STEM analysis , the possible reason was that the addition of ZrB 2 led to the formation of Si-Mg-O-N-Yb-Zr-B liquid phase , and then promoted α - to β -Si 3 N 4 phase transformation.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷
·
机械工程
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MATERIALS AND CORROSION-WERKSTOFFE UND KORROSION
·
2026
·
IF 2.1
Zhixin Chen,Jinrong Duan,Jiafen Wang,Fang Si,Yunlong Wu,Yanyan Song
In this paper, the effects of surfactants such as PEG, CTAB and their combination (PEG: CTAB) on the microstructure and corrosion resistance of Ni-P-Si 3 N 4 composite coating were systematically studied. The electrochemical test shows that adding PEG or CTAB can reduce the coating defects and improve the corrosion resistance. When PEG and CTAB are used in combination, they show synergistic effect, which further enhances the compactness and corrosion protection of the coating. Among them, when the composite ratio is 3:1 (CTAB: PEG), the corrosion current density is significantly reduced, and the stability of the coating in corrosive medium is improved.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
·
2026
·
IF 6.7
Muhammad Saqib,Mohsin Raza,Ali Asghar,Qumail Arshad,Muhammad Irfan Hussain,Umair Ali,Danish Ali,Cho-Pei Jiang,Zhangwei Chen
Si 3 N 4 ceramics have great potential for applications in mechatronics, biomedical implants and other advanced industries. 3D printing such as vat photopolymerization (VPP) helps the fabrication of highly complex-shaped ceramics that have not been possible with conventional manufacturing methods. However, the primary challenge is the poor dispersion and high light absorption of Si 3 N 4 powder, which leads to high slurry viscosity and limited printability. This study presents a comprehensive strategy for fabricating high-performance Si 3 N 4 ceramics via VPP by synergistically optimizing slurry formulation and sintering kinetics. We systematically engineered a 50 vol% solid loading slurry by identifying the optimal content of dispersant as 2 wt% of solid powder and the photoinitiator as 3 wt% of resin, achieving an excellent balance of low viscosity (2.58 Pa·s at 30 s −1 ) and enhanced curing depth (69 µm). The core innovation lies in uncovering the critical role of sintering heating rate on the final microstructure and properties. A detailed investigation of four heating rates (5–0.5 °C/min) at 1600°C revealed that the slowest rate (0.5 °C/min) is paramount. It promoted superior densification (64.67% relative density), controlled anisotropic shrinkage, and significantly increased three-point bending strength to 209.67 ± 2.51 MPa, a 95% improvement over the fastest rate. The work establishes that coupled optimization of rheology, curing, and most importantly, sintering thermal profile is essential for unlocking the full mechanical potential of VPP-fabricated Si 3 N 4 , providing a validated blueprint for high-performance, complex-shaped ceramic components.
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Ceramics-Switzerland
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 4
·37
·
IF 2.8
Chaochen Chen,Fang Lei,Shiqing Dang,Hongyang Zhang,Ying Shi,Haohong Chen
To address the lack of suitable glass systems for silicon nitride (Si3N4) surface metallization, which requires high wettability and thermal stability, and robust bonding between the copper layer and the ceramic substrate, a novel Bi2O3-TeO2-B2O3-CuO glass system was developed. This study systematically investigated the influence of Bi2O3concentration, glass properties, optimized paste composition, and brazing mechanism using phase analysis, microstructural characterization, particle size statistics, thermal analysis, and tensile testing. An optimal glass composition containing 20 mol% Bi2O3was identified, exhibiting high thermal stability (ΔT = 224 °C) and a coefficient of thermal expansion of 9.63 × 10−6°C−1. At a brazing temperature of 750 °C, the glass demonstrated excellent wettability with a contact angle of 27°. A conductive paste comprising 94 wt% Cu and 6 wt% glass yielded a thick film with a minimum resistivity of 6.25 μΩ·cm and a maximum tensile strength of 25.2 MPa. Mechanism analysis revealed that the superior wettability drives the liquid glass phase to form a thin intermediate layer that significantly reinforces adhesion. These findings contribute to the research and development of subsequent novel glass systems with superior performance.
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International Journal of Minerals Metallurgy and Materials
·
2025
·Vol. 32
·期 5
·1220-1233
·
IF 7.2
Qin Qing,Xiong Gang,Han Lin,Zhang Yujuan,Shen Zhen,Ge Changchun
Digital light processing (DLP) is a crucial additive manufacturing (AM) technique for producing high-precision ceramic components. This study aims to optimize the formulation of Si 3 N 4 slurry to enhance both its performance and manufacturability in the DLP process, and investigate key factors such as particle size distribution, photopolymer resin monomer ratios, and dispersant types to improve the slurry’s rheological properties. Through these optimizations, a photosensitive Si 3 N 4 slurry with 50vol% solid content was developed, exhibiting excellent stability, and low viscosity (2.48 Pa·s at a shear rate of 12.8 s −1 ). The effects of gas-pressure sintering on the material’s phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties were further explored, revealing that this technique significantly increases the flexural strength of the green sample from (109 ± 10.24) to (618 ± 42.15) MPa. The sintered ceramics exhibited high hardness ((16.59 ± 0.05) GPa) and improved fracture toughness ((4.45 ± 0.03) MPa·m 1/2 ). Crack trajectory analysis revealed that crack deflection, crack bridging, and the pull-out of rod-like β-Si 3 N 4 grains, are the main toughening mechanisms, which could effectively mitigate crack propagation. Among these mechanisms, crack deflection and bridging were particularly influential, significantly enhancing the fracture toughness of the Si 3 N 4 matrix. Overall, this research highlights how monomer formulation and gas-pressure sintering strengthen the performance of Si 3 N 4 slurry in the DLP three-dimensional printing technique. This work is expected to provide new insights for fabricating complex Si 3 N 4 ceramic components with superior mechanical properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷制造
·
增材制造
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2024
·
IF 5.1
Xuanzhi Chen,Yehua Li,Yujie Qi,Pengjin Huang,Haidong Wu,Xin Deng,Shanghua Wu
In this study, self-synthesized Gd 3 Si 2 C 2 and MgO were used as sintering aids to fabricate Si 3 N 4 ceramics via gas-pressure sintering. The results indicated that Gd 3 Si 2 C 2 reacted with inherent SiO 2 on the Si 3 N 4 surface to form Gd 2 O 3 and β-Si 3 N 4 in situ, thereby increasing the N/O ratio of the liquid phase. In addition, in situ β-Si 3 N 4 induced grain growth, enhancing the thermal conductivity of Si 3 N 4 ceramics while maintaining excellent mechanical properties. Compared to the samples with Gd 2 O 3 and MgO as sintering aids, those with Gd 3 Si 2 C 2 and MgO as sintering aids demonstrated superior overall performance with the thermal conductivity, bending strength, fracture toughness, and Vickers hardness of 101.96 W⋅m −1 ⋅K −1 , 848.26 ± 4.66 MPa, 6.23 ± 0.15 MPa⋅m 1/2 , and 16.56 ± 0.43 GPa, respectively.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
陶瓷工程
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2022
·
IF 5.532
Wanyin Ge,Honglei Yin,Chenhui Lu,Xinmeng Zhang,Panpan Song,Mingsheng Ma,Zhifu Liu,Ye Tian
The core issue of light emitting diodes (LEDs) for actual application is the thermal stability of phosphors. Silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ) is generally recognized as especially important structural material due to its excellent mechanical properties at extreme high temperature. In this work, Si 3 N 4 : Eu was demonstrated to be an excellent luminescence functional material for LEDs. The discarded corner-waster silicon raw material was utilized to act as the precursor. The Si 3 N 4 :Eu phosphor was synthesized by a facile nitriding process at elevated temperature. The pure α-Si 3 N 4 :Eu nanorods were successfully obtained by adjusting the doping concentration of Eu. It is coexistence with mixed-valence (divalent and trivalent) for Eu in α-Si 3 N 4 according to X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synthesized α-Si 3 N 4 :Eu nanorods showed bright yellow under the excitation of 365 nm (UV) and white luminescence by 460 nm chip (Blue). The Si 3 N 4 :Eu nanorods possess excellent thermal stability, maintains nearly 70% of the origin intensity even at temperatures over 300 °C. The Si 3 N 4 :Eu nanorods demonstrated comparable performance to commercial YAG:Ce 3+ (YAG). Moreover, the long-term thermal stability of Si 3 N 4 :Eu nanorods is superior to commercial YAG, revealing the enhanced service performance. This work not only presents a facile Si 3 N 4 :Eu nanorods green synthesis route from waste utilization, but also offers an enhanced service performance for the high temperature LEDs application.
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MATERIALS LETTERS
·
2022
·
IF 3.574
Shiqin Wan,Xu Hao,Zheng Zhao,Chang Yu,Mengyi Li,Qi Wang
In this work, silicon nitride nanowires (Si 3 N 4 NWs) were successfully prepared by a modified carbothermal reduction method, using graphite felt as a growth substrate and in the absence of the catalysts. The synthesized Si 3 N 4 NWs exhibited smooth surface, uniform morphology and high aspect ratios. The high purity and high crystallinity of Si 3 N 4 NWs were confirmed by XRD , XPS , etc. More importantly, the vapor–solid (VS) growth mechanism of Si 3 N 4 NWs was proposed. It is indicated that the graphite felt played a crucial role in increasing the proportion of the gas-phase reaction to obtain large-scale Si 3 N 4 NWs. The Si 3 N 4 NWs produced by this approach have the advantages of high yield, high purity and low cost, which are very prospective for application.
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