COMPOSITES PART B-ENGINEERING
·
2022
·
IF 11.322
Xin Jiang,Fukai Chu,Xiaoyu Luo,Yuan Hu,Weizhao Hu
Aiming to address the problems of flammability and brittleness of BMI and reduce the use of petroleum-based materials, three kinds of cardanol-based co-curing agents (CDPO, CDPC, CDCP) were synthesized and applied to prepare advanced BMI . Compared to the neat BMI, the modified BMI exhibited better thermal stability with higher decomposition temperatures and char yields. The BMI/CDCP-10 containing 4.5 wt% CDCP possessed the best flame retardancy with 50.4% reduction in PHRR , 27.5% reduction in THR and 21.2% reduction in TSP compared to those of neat BMI. Moreover, with the 4.5 wt% incorporation of CDPO, CDPC and CDCP, the impact strength of BMI was enhanced by 95%, 133.8% and 127.5% respectively, due to the flexible fatty chains and the decreased crosslinking density . The reason for different modification effects among modified BMI systems is studied from the structure of modifiers, finding that the phosphorylated cardanol with higher content of O and higher valence of P can be utilized to improve the mechanical property and fire safety of BMI. This work provides a new way to reduce the dependence on the petroleum-based materials and expand the application areas of BMI.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
·
2021
·
IF 5.03
Jiali Huang,Wenwen Guo,Xin Wang,Lei Song,Yuan Hu
Petroleum-based diglycidyl ether bisphenol A (DGEBA)-type epoxy is one of the most popular thermosetting materials currently, but it suffers from brittleness, flammability and non-renewability. In this study, an intrinsically flame retardant bio-based epoxy monomer (HECarCP) was synthesized from cardanol and cyclophosphazene. Subsequently, HECarCP was cured by 4,4’-diaminodiphenyl methane (DDM) to obtain a thermosetting material. Compared to the cured DGEBA/DDM thermoset, the cured HECarCP/DDM thermoset showed lower initial decomposition temperature; however, the earlier thermal decomposition caused by cyclophosphazene core contributed to char formation in return. As well, the HECarCP/DDM exhibited slightly lower tensile strength but much higher elongation at break than the DGEBA/DDM, overcoming the drawback of brittleness of the DGEBA/DDM. More importantly, the cyclophosphazene core provided intrinsic flame retardancy to the HECarCP/DDM thermoset, which displayed a relatively high LOI value of 33.0% and UL-94 V-0 classification. In cone calorimeter measurement, the peak heat release rate, total heat release and total smoke production of the HECarCP/DDM thermoset was declined by 63%, 24% and 72%, respectively, compared to those of the DGEBA/DDM, owing to the formation of a thermally stable and insulating char layer during combustion. This study paves the way for broadening applications of cardanol in fabrication of high-performance bio-based thermosetting polymers with excellent comprehensive properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
高分子科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMERS AND THE ENVIRONMENT
·
2023
·
IF 5.3
Luo Wei,Yang Yang,Han Yu,Weng Yunxuan,Zhang Caili
The development of a heat stabilizer with good thermal stability, plasticizing performance, and migration resistance for polyvinyl chloride (PVC) is still a notable challenge. In this work, two bio-based heat stabilizers, epoxidized cardanol oleate (ECD-OA) and epoxidized cardanol myristate (ECD-MA), were designed and synthesized with different lengths of their alkyl chains and different epoxy contents to provide outstanding compatibility with PVC. After confirming the chemical structures of ECD-OA and ECD-MA by proton nuclear magnetic resonance and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, the thermal stabilizing effects of both epoxidized cardanol esters were compared with those of the traditional CaSt 2 /ZnSt 2 stabilizer and bio-based epoxidized soybean oil. Then, the effects of four different heat stabilizers on the mechanical, thermal, rheological, and optical properties of PVC films were fully studied. The results suggested that the ECD-MA showed the best thermal stability, and the PVC/30DOP/5ECD-MA film did not turn black after 2 h of thermal aging at 200 °C. In addition, the ECD-MA had good compatibility with PVC, and it had a synergistic plasticizing effect, which caused the film to have a high ductility and tensile strength (320.1% and 19.8 MPa, respectively).
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
可持续材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL MACROMOLECULES
·
2024
·
IF 7.7
Wei Luo,Yang Yang,Yunxuan Weng,Zhigang Huang,Caili Zhang
Moisture exposure during polyester processing can lead to degradation, resulting in the formation of carboxyl and hydroxyl end-groups. To preserve mechanical properties, thorough drying and the use of chain extenders like epoxy acrylates and isocyanates during extrusion are crucial for maintaining or enhancing molecular weight through in-situ reactions. Our study introduced epoxidized cardanol oleate (ECD-OA), containing epoxy and long-chain alkyl groups, as a potential chain extender, and compared its effectiveness with commercially available epoxidized cardanol glycidyl ether (cardolite NC514). Compared to neat PLA without chain extension, the addition of 1 phr ECD-OA resulted in an increase in the molecular weight ( M w ) of PLA from 15.3 × 10 4 g/mol to 17.1 × 10 4 g/mol, demonstrating a chain extension efficiency of 11.8 %. The melt flow rate of PLA decreased from 9.9 g/10 min to 5.0 g/10 min, and the initial thermal degradation temperature of PLA increased by 5.7 °C. Upon chain extension, there was a substantial increase in both the elongation at break and tear resistance of the PLA film. The results demonstrate that ECD-OA can extend PLA molecular chains through chemical reactions and promote entanglement with the long alkane chain, consequently enhancing the mechanical and thermal properties of PLA. Due to the enzyme's preference for biobased small molecules, the PLA film with the addition of a biobased chain extender is more prone to enzymatic degradation compared to neat PLA. To conclude, ECD-OA acts as a bio-based chain extender that improves the performance of PLA while also enhancing its biodegradability.
研究领域:
聚合物科学
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材料科学
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生物降解材料
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Coatings Technology and Research
·
2018
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·179-188
·
IF 1.619
Yuan Yan,Chen Miao,Zhou Qiaohua,Liu Ren
Multiarm cardanol-based oligomers with a cyclotriphosphazene core were prepared through a nucleophilic substitution reaction; the structures of oligomers were fully characterized and confirmed through Fourier transfer infrared spectrometry, 1 H nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR), 31 P NMR, and gel permeation chromatography. The designed multiarm bio-based acrylates (AECC) were successfully prepared by epoxidizing the unsaturated aliphatic chain of cardanol segments with m -chloroperoxybenzoic acid and acrylating epoxy groups. The synthesized oligomers contain rigid phosphazene/benzene rings as “hard cores” and long aliphatic chains as “flexible shells.” Compared with commercial hyperbranched polyurethane acrylate (CN2302) and acrylated epoxidized soybean oil, cured AECC coatings and films exhibited not only greater hardness, excellent adhesion, higher glass transition temperatures, and excellent mechanical properties but also good thermal stability and biodegradability. We successfully obtained a high-performance UV-curing resin that has a high biorenewable material content and can meet basic daily requirements.
研究领域:
材料科学
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化学工程
·
可再生资源利用
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH
·
2013
·Vol. 20
·期 7
·1-11
·
IF 2.019
Cheng Chuanjie,Bai Xiongxiong,Liu Shaojin,Huang Qinghua,Tu Yuanming,Wu Haiming,Wang Xiaoji
A cardanol-derived reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) agent was synthesized in 57 % total yield, and a cardanol-based anionic surfactant was also facilely prepared. Emulsion polymerization of methyl methacrylate (MMA) was realized to form a cardanol-terminated PMMA polymer by using the novel RAFT agent as well as the cardanol-based anionic surfactant. To improve the properties of cardanol-terminated PMMA as a material, UV-curing was performed. According to the comprehensive behavior of the UV-cured resins, optimal irradiation time was 20 min.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
高分子化学
·
可持续化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 15
·2113
·
IF 4.7
Jianrong Xia,Shuyun Li,Renjin Gao,Yuchi Zhang,Liwei Wang,Yuansong Ye,Changlin Cao,Hanyu Xue
The development of more recyclable materials is a key requirement for a transition towards a more circular economy. Thanks to exchange reactions, vitrimer, an attractive alternative for recyclable materials, is an innovative class of polymers that is able to change its topology without decreasing its connectivity. In this work, a bisphenol compound (VP) was prepared from saturated cardanol, i.e., 3−pentadecylphenol and vanillyl alcohol. Then, VP was epoxidized to obtain epoxide (VPGE). Finally, VPGE and citric acid (CA) were polymerized in the presence of catalyst TBD to prepare a fully bio−based vitrimer based on transesterification. The results from differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) showed that the VPGE/CA system could be crosslinked at around 163 °C. The cardanol−derived vitrimers had good network rearrangement properties. Meanwhile, because of the dynamic structural elements in the network, the material was endowed with excellent self−healing, welding, and recyclability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
聚合物化学
·
可持续材料
·
回收技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2024
·Vol. 59
·期 5
·2191-2203
·
IF 3.5
Guo Shuchang,Bo Caiying,Hu Lihong,Zhang Meng,Zhou Yonghong,Yang Xiaohui,Feng Guodong,Jia Puyou,Li Shouhai
The utilization of renewable biomass resources to develop multifunctional UV-curable coatings is crucial for sustainable development, environmental protection, and green chemistry, particularly for thermosetting materials, which are extensively utilized in practical applications. This study presents the synthesis of a novel, repairable, robust, shape memory, biobased UV-curable polymer derived from renewable cardanol by utilizing dynamic dioxaborolane bonds. This UV-curable polymer, which is prepared by the copolymerization of cardanol-based polyol acrylate containing dioxaborolane and castor oil-based polyurethane acrylate (CPolA-B/COUPA), has a maximum tensile strength of 23.52 MPa. The UV-curable polymer showed a 100% healing efficiency at 50% RH, and the temporary polymer shape can revert to its initial shape when subjected to various stimuli, such as heat, microwave, and IR radiation. In addition, this UV-curable polymer exhibited multicolor emission properties. This study offers a new perspective for designing biomass-derived UV-curable polymers with excellent mechanical and desirable attributes, such as shape memory, self-healing, and adjustable fluorescence properties.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
化学工程
·
绿色化学
·
高分子科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）