CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2018
·
IF 3.057
Yichao Gong,Zhong Chen,Mao Yang,Hailiang Wang,Chen Dang,Wanxia Huang,Tiecheng Lu
Li 4 SiO 4 has been widely studied as attractive tritium breeding materials due to its innate merits. Considering the potential advantages of nanostructure in tritium breeding materials, a distinctive process was developed to obtain nanostructured Li 4 SiO 4 pebbles. In brief, ultrafine precursor powders were synthesized by solvothermal method without using surfactants , and then indirect wet method was adopted to generate the green spheres with homogeneous microstructure. After that, the suitable sintering conditions were defined by studying the effects of sintering parameters on the grain size evolution, and nanostructured Ti-doped Li 4 SiO 4 pebbles were first obtained by two-step sintering method. This study will be expected to provide references for fabricating other Li-based tritium breeding materials.
研究领域:
核能科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF NUCLEAR MATERIALS
·
2025
·
IF 3.2
Guangfan Tan,Qilai Zhou,Yasuhisa Oya,Yingchun Zhang,Chang-An Wang,Yanhao Dong
The Li 2 TiO 3 and Li 2 ZrO 3 ceramic pebbles are regarded as promising tritium breeder on account of their superb chemical stability, high tritium diffusion rates, and neutron multiplication potential of Zr, respectively. To integrate the advantages of these two materials, it is necessary to develop a composite such as Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 2 ZrO 3 , which is ideal for advanced fusion reactor designs. Up to now, fabricated biphasic ceramic pebbles generally suffer from low production yield, inadequate crushing load, and high cost, which restricts their application in practice. In this paper, biphasic Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 2 ZrO 3 tritium breeding pebbles with superior crushing strength are successfully fabricated employing the centrifugal granulation method by selecting the appropriate binder and controlling the growth rate. Moreover, by this technique, ceramic pebbles with wide diameter distribution can be obtained, which will help to improve the packing factor of pebble beds in the solid blanket. In addition, the composition, microstructure, and internal structure of the Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 2 ZrO 3 ceramic pebbles are thoroughly analyzed, respectively. The Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 2 ZrO 3 ceramic pebbles, after being sintered at 1100 °C, attained a high sphericity of 0.97, a superior crushing load of 67.6 N, and an optimum porosity of 9.75 % in the shell. Moreover, the Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 2 ZrO 3 ceramic pebbles also exhibit excellent deuterium release properties with the main form of HDO. The above results show that the centrifugal granulation method is not only applicable to the mass production of Li 2 TiO 3 -Li 2 ZrO 3 ceramic pebbles but also to other tritium breeders, which offers promising prospects for the development of advanced tritium breeding materials in the future.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核工程
·
陶瓷学
·
聚变技术
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
·
2021
·
IF 1.453
Maoqiao Xiang,Jie Zheng,Shaofu Li,Chaoquan Hu,Jingyi Cui,Yingchun Zhang,Qiang Qi,Fen Yue
Lithium-based ceramic tritium breeders would attack the blanket structural materials and produce brittle corrosion layers, causing potential safety hazard. Herein, coated breeders were proposed as advanced tritium breeders to address the issue. Carbon (C), titanium nitride (TiN) and titanium carbide (TiC) were investigated as inert protective shells because they show excellent stability and chemical compatibility with Li 2 TiO 3 and Li 4 SiO 4 . Moreover, for the first time, the C and TiN coated Li 2 TiO 3 and Li 4 SiO 4 pebbles were successfully fabricated by fluidized bed chemical vapor deposition (FBCVD) process, which would significantly decrease the brittle corrosion layers and increase the safety. The deposition behavior and interface reactions were systemically investigated.
研究领域:
核能科学
·
材料科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
FUSION ENGINEERING AND DESIGN
·
2021
·
IF 1.453
Jie Du,Xinxin Tan,Liping Wang,Cheng Qin,Xiaoqiong Chen,Zhigang Wu,Biao Guo,Wenhua Luo
Deuterated-tritiated polymers are a type of promising target materials for inertial confinement fusion (ICF). The preparation of a deuterated-tritiated polymer was performed from a deuterated polybutadiene under tritium through solid state catalytic tritiation with 5 wt% Pd/BaSO 4 as a catalyst. After reaction, the gas mixture in the vessel and the raw T 2 /Ar mixture in the flask were analyzed with a gas chromatography, a quadrupole mass spectrometer and a high resolution gas analysis mass spectrometer. The 2 H-NMR and 3 H-NMR spectra were employed to characterize the deuterated-tritiated polymer. Both isotopic exchange and addition during the reaction were confirmed and the tritium ratio of the deuterated-tritiated polymer was determined to be 26.5 %.The solid state tritiation free of solvents can avoid the generation of high radioactive liquids.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核物理学
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Additive Manufacturing
·
2020
·
IF 7.002
Yu Liu,Zhangwei Chen,Junjie Li,Baoping Gong,Long Wang,Changshi Lao,Pei Wang,Changyong Liu,Yongjin Feng,Xiaoyu Wang
A flexible and integrated design and manufacturing process based on photopolymerization DLP 3D printing technology is proposed to fabricate tritium breeder units that can be used in fusion reactors. Defect-free cellular structures of lithium-enriched Li 4 SiO 4 is manufactured for the first time that can be used to replace the traditional pebble beds configuration to overcome problems resulted from stress concentration and difficulty in packing fraction improvement. As-received large Li 4 SiO 4 powder which is highly sensitive to air and ambient environment is protected and processed in inert glove box for the use in the preparation and optimization of stable photopolymerizable resin-based ceramic slurry suitable for DLP 3D printing . Appropriate debinding and sintering treatments applied result in homogeneous shrinkage and preserved features of the cellular structures, showing benefits for dimension control. The intact structures possess high phase purity and suitable and tailorable effective ‘packing fraction’ for breeding application. Mechanical tests and the obtained results compared with existing works further confirm that the cellular parts prepared in this work have advantageous performance. The unique advantage of flexible control in design and manufacturing of 3D printing may pave a promising way for greater possibilities to engineer novel tailored high-performance tritium breeder structures used in nuclear fusion technology.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
·
先进制造
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 7.2
Liang Cai,Sirong Tao,Zhen Shen,Li Wan,Ziao Liu,Xilin He,Yingchun Zhang
Li 4 SiO 4 ceramic pebble is deemed as the most attractive tritium breeder for fusion reactor blanket. In this work, we fabricated a novel Li 4 SiO 4 pebble with micrometer-scale pore structure by digital light processing to verify the feasibility of complex pore structure manufacturing for future breeders. The effects of processing parameters on printing accuracy, microstructure and mechanical properties of Li 4 SiO 4 pebbles were investigated. For synthesizing the pure Li 4 SiO 4 phase, the optimal stoichiometric ratio of Li 2 SiO 3 to Li 2 CO 3 was 1:1.09 in the premixed powder. The photosensitivity of dual-phase ceramic suspension was investigated according to an attenuation model, and the overgrowth was reduced to ∼50 μm by using the dimension formula. After optimizing the post-processing, the radial pore structure Li 4 SiO 4 pebbles with excellent crush load (50.3 N, standard deviation = 4.4 N) and suitable open porosity (18.3 %) can be yielded. This work provides a fresh solution to control the pore structure of tritium breeding pebbles in an unprecedented micrometer scale.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核工程
·
增材制造
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 7.2
Wenjie Ding,Xiaolong Fu,Jingwei Hou,Junyan Wang,Mao Yang,Yu Gong,Chengjian Xiao,Hongwen Huang,Heyi Wang
A metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) modified interface with superhydrophilic and superaerophobic properties was successfully prepared via the solution process for tritiated nuclear wastewater (HTO) treatment. The superwetting performance of the packing surface which facilitated the liquid phase catalytic exchange was discussed in detail for the hydrogen-water isotope exchange reaction. Superhydrophilic property originated from the microporous hydrophilic nature of MOFs resulting in a rapid spreading and phase-transfer process of the tritiated water droplet, and superaerophobic property accompanied by superhydrophilic water thin film favored the effective exchange between gaseous reactants. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) simulations revealed the influence of contact angle and liquid flow rate on the gas-liquid two-phase interface and catalytic performance. High performance with the lowest height equivalent to a theoretical plate (HETP) and long-term stability is achieved for this superwetting packing, which holds promise for the detritiation of nuclear wastewater with higher performance and stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核能工程
·
环境科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
·
2023
·
IF 7.2
Lei Yue,Linjie Zhao,Jingwei Hou,Junyan Wang,Jiamao Li,Chengjian Xiao
Large amounts of tritiated water (HTO) will be produced during the operation of nuclear power plants and fusion devices, which is harmful to the environment and human due to its radioactivity and toxicity. So, the tritium concentration of tritiated water must be reduced to a very low value before discharge. Hydrogen-water isotope exchange reaction (H 2 + HTO→H 2 O + HT) based on palladium membrane reactor has been proposed to process tritiated water. However, a comprehensive study about the influence of operation parameters on the membrane reactor performance is insufficient, which is not conducive to the design of reactor in practical application. Moreover, the commonly used Pt/Al 2 O 3 or Ni/SiO 2 catalysts are not active for tritiated water dissociation, so the catalytic activity of these catalysts is not high. In order to process tritiated water more effectively, a two-stage membrane reactor has been designed and established in this work, and Pt/TiO 2 catalyst with rich oxygen vacancies is used to catalyze the hydrogen-water isotope exchange reaction for the first time. The membrane reactor performance shows an approximate linear relationship with a new combined parameter S 0.5 P 1.5 R / F 2 ( S is membrane area , F is water flow rate , P is vapor partial pressure, R is swamping ratio), which can be used predict the membrane performance . The isotope exchange reaction activity of Pt/TiO 2 is better than that of Pt/Al 2 O 3 due to its good ability for water dissociation and the hydrogen spillover effect. At last, a tritiated water processing experiment by using two-stage membrane reactor with Pt/TiO 2 catalyst with rich oxygen vacancies has been carried out. The tritium decontamination factor reaches 40588, which is the highest experimental value so far. The results indicate that the two-stage Pd membrane reactor based on hydrogen-water isotope exchange reaction is an efficient technology for tritiated water processing.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
核能工程
·
催化化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Letters
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 8
·1173-1177
·
IF 0
Wang Jingchuan,Yao Yong,Luo Junhong,Yao Weizhi,Gao Bo,Chen Chang'an
Nitrogen is potentially used in tokamak as seed impurity for avoiding divertor damage and achieving good plasma performance. Herein, the secondary effect of nitrogen was studied by wire electrical explosion (WEE) method. In the presence of nitrogen, the inventory of hydrogen retention
in the tungsten dust was largely increased, while hydrogen was retained by chemical bonding with nitrogen, besides dissolving into lattice and trapping in defects of tungsten, which was identified by FTIR and XRD. This study indicates that nitrogen seed impurity will cause serious tritium
retention and speed tungsten-based plasma facing components (PFC)' erosion.
研究领域:
核聚变
·
材料科学
·
等离子体物理
✓ 已验证
DOI
JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2022
·
IF 6.364
Liang Cai,Guangfan Tan,Xin Hu,Zhen Shen,Li Wan,Yingchun Zhang
Li 2 TiO 3 is regarded as a vital tritium breeder candidate due to its favorable properties in Helium-Cooled Pebble Bed. However, the point contact stress breakage for traditional pebble structure can cause the blocking of tritium recovery system, and seriously reduce the safety and tritium self-sufficiency ability of fusion reactor. For addressing above problems, in this paper, complex-shaped Li 2 TiO 3 cubic units were manufactured firstly via lithography-based 3D printing . According to the principle of tritium transport, the cubic unit structures with ordered channels were built and evaluated by finite element analysis . The photocuring parameters were optimized to improve printing accuracy by establishing an overgrowth model. After optimizing the sintering schedule, the Li 2 TiO 3 cubic units with excellent relative density (92.3%TD) and packing factor (80.99%) were yielded, and it also had an outstanding compressive strength (84.4 MPa). The results of thermal cycling test shown that the Li 2 TiO 3 cubic units possessed a prominent thermal cyclic durability.
研究领域:
核工程
·
材料科学
·
增材制造
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
·
2022
·
IF 7.392
Peilong Li,Xiaoyu Hu,Zexuan Zhang,Xin Zhang,Ning Zeng,Cun Hu,Bin Yu,Xuanhao Hu,Jiangfeng Song,Yan Shi,Linsen Zhou,Wenhua Luo
Metal-support interaction plays a key role and remains a challenge in exploring highly efficient heterogeneous catalysts, especially for hydrophobic catalysts in Liquid Phase Catalytic Exchange (LPCE) process for water detritiation. In this work, supported Pt catalysts using layered double hydroxides (LDHs) as supports are featured by highly dispersed Pt nanoparticles, water resisting property, and strong interaction of Pt with LDHs, exhibiting excellent anti-aggregation of Pt nanoparticles and catalytic performance over traditional Pt/C at high temperature and humidity conditions. Density Functional Theory calculations show that there is strong interaction between Pt nanoclusters and hydrogen defective LDHs surface, together with significant interfacial charge transfer and metal electronic structure modification, which can restrain the aggregation of Pt on LDHs and enhance catalytic activity. These findings are helpful to deepen understandings of the effects of metal-support interactions in LPCE process, which shed valuable insights for the design and preparation of highly-efficient hydrophobic catalysts on LDHs with prospective applications in water detritiation.
研究领域:
催化
·
材料科学
·
核能科学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2022
·
IF 9.136
Run Li,Denggao Guan,Ming Wen,Xin Zhang,Min Chen,Haowei Yang,Cigang Xu
Separation of light water/tritiated water (H 2 O/HTO) is an important process in the nuclear energy sector to treat tritium-containing radioactive wastewater, for which H 2 O/D 2 O separation is usually used as a research model to minimize safety concerns. Recently Graphene oxide (GO)-based membrane distillation processes have demonstrated high separation factor, however, the permeation flux is low to affect the overall separation performance. In this study, the approach of tuning interlayer spacing and structure of GO membranes was explored to enhance the separation performance through two ways: (i) GO membrane was intercalated using cations (Na + , or Ca 2+ ), or cationic surfactant-cetyltrimethylammonium bromide (CTAB) to vary interlayer spacing, and the resulting GO-Ca membrane gave the highest permeation flux of 0.87 kg·m −2 ·h −1 among the intercalated GO membranes with a separation factor of 4.6% to deliver higher separation performance than the pristine GO membrane; (ii) GO-framework (GOF) membrane was prepared by cross-linking GO nanosheets with cations (Ca 2+ , or Al 3+ ) to prepare GOF@Ca and GOF@Al membrane, and GOF@Al membrane achieved a separation factor of 4.9% and a permeation flux of 0.9 kg·m −2 ·h −1 , both higher than that of the pristine GO membrane. Furthermore, the up-to-date H 2 O/D 2 O separation data from different GO-based membrane distillation processes were summarized to understand the correlation between the permeation flux and the separation factor of processes. The results of this study suggested that tuning interlayer spacing and structure of GO membranes can be a good approach to enhance the overall separation performance by simultaneously improving permeation flux and separation factor for the separation of H 2 O/D 2 O, which can guide for future development of low-cost and efficient H 2 O/HTO separation processes needed in the nuclear energy field.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
核工程
·
环境科学
·
化学工程
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）