CURRENT BIOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Qianhui Zhao,Xinhang Li,Jun Wen,Yinhui He,Nenggan Zheng,Wenchang Li,Albert Cardona,Zhefeng Gong
Fast forward locomotion is critical for animal hunting and escaping behaviors. However, how the underlying neural circuit is wired at synaptic resolution to decide locomotion direction and speed remains poorly understood. Here, we identified in the ventral nerve cord (VNC) a set of ascending cholinergic neurons (AcNs) to be command neurons capable of initiating fast forward peristaltic locomotion in Drosophila larvae. Targeted manipulations revealed that AcNs are necessary and sufficient for fast forward locomotion. AcNs can activate their postsynaptic partners, A01j and A02j; both are interneurons with locomotory rhythmicity. Activated A01j neurons form a posterior-anteriorly descendent gradient in output activity along the VNC to launch forward locomotion from the tail. Activated A02j neurons exhibit quicker intersegmental transmission in activity that enables fast propagation of motor waves. Our work revealed a global neural mechanism that coordinately controls the launch direction and propagation speed of Drosophila locomotion, furthering the understanding of the strategy for locomotion control.
研究领域:
神经生物学
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昆虫学
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PubMed
高影响因子
ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2021
·
IF 6.291
Qifang Wu,Xueting Du,Xucong Feng,Huimin Cheng,Yingjun Chen,Chenying Lu,Mingjiang Wu,Haibin Tong
The incidence of metabolic diseases is increasing every year, and several studies have highlighted the activity of persistent organic pollutants (POPs) in causing hyperlipidemia and diabetes, and these compounds are considered to be endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). Chlordane is classified as an endocrine disruptor, but the mechanism of how it functions is still unclear. This study investigates the effects of chlordane exposure on Drosophila larvae. Drosophila was cultured in diet containing 0.01 μM, 0.1 μM, 1 μM, 5 μM, and 10 μM chlordane, and the toxicity of chlordane, the growth and development of Drosophila , the homeostasis of glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin signaling pathway, lipid peroxidation-related indicators and Nrf2 signaling pathway were evaluated. We here found that exposure to high concentrations of chlordane decreased the survival rate of Drosophila and that exposure to low concentrations of chlordane caused disruption of glucose and lipid metabolism, increased insulin secretion and impairment of insulin signaling. Notably, it also led to massive ROS production and lipid peroxidation despite of the activation of Nrf2 signaling pathway, an important pathway for maintaining redox homeostasis. Collectively, chlordane causes lipid peroxidation and disrupts redox homeostasis, which may be a potential mechanism leading to impaired insulin signaling and the metabolism of glucose and lipid, ultimately affects Drosophila development.
研究领域:
毒理学
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内分泌学
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代谢学
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发育生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
ENTOMOLOGICAL RESEARCH
·
2024
·Vol. 54
·期 4
·e12729
·
IF 1.2
Hui Jin,Lichao Zhong,Yifan Xu,Jie Shen
Deficiency of vitamin D3 has been found to be associated with an increased risk of developing some common diseases and death. However, the exact effect of vitamin D3 intake along with a high-protein diet and its optimal intake is unclear. The purpose of this work is to evaluate the beneficial effects of vitamin D3 on longevity using the Drosophila model. Vitamin D3 did extend lifespan on a high-protein diet, but above a certain concentration, it had the opposite effect in males. Our data suggest that the effect of vitamin D3 on longevity is diet-dependent and concentration-dependent.
研究领域:
营养学
·
衰老研究
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DEVELOPMENTAL CELL
·
2022
·
IF 13.417
Mingyue Wang,Qinan Hu,Tianhang Lv,Yuhang Wang,Qing Lan,Rong Xiang,Zhencheng Tu,Yanrong Wei,Kai Han,Chang Shi,Junfu Guo,Chao Liu,Tao Yang,Wensi Du,Yanru An,Mengnan Cheng,Jiangshan Xu,Haorong Lu,Wangsheng Li,Shaofang Zhang,Ao Chen,Wei Chen,Yuxiang Li,Xiaoshan Wang,Xun Xu,Yuhui Hu,Longqi Liu
Summary Drosophila has long been a successful model organism in multiple biomedical fields. Spatial gene expression patterns are critical for the understanding of complex pathways and interactions, whereas temporal gene expression changes are vital for studying highly dynamic physiological activities. Systematic studies in Drosophila are still impeded by the lack of spatiotemporal transcriptomic information. Here, utilizing spatial enhanced resolution omics-sequencing (Stereo-seq), we dissected the spatiotemporal transcriptomic changes of developing Drosophila with high resolution and sensitivity. We demonstrated that Stereo-seq data can be used for the 3D reconstruction of the spatial transcriptomes of Drosophila embryos and larvae. With these 3D models, we identified functional subregions in embryonic and larval midguts, uncovered spatial cell state dynamics of larval testis, and revealed known and potential regulons of transcription factors within their topographic background. Our data provide the Drosophila research community with useful resources of organism-wide spatiotemporally resolved transcriptomic information across developmental stages.
研究领域:
发育生物学
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基因组学
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转录组学
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分子生物学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
PESTICIDE BIOCHEMISTRY AND PHYSIOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4
Kuitun Liu,Cong Rao,Chongwei Li,Wenlin Jiang,Bo Hu,Jianya Su
Azadirachtin, a natural sesquiterpenoid compound, exhibits broad-spectrum insecticidal activity, yet its mechanism of action remains incompletely understood. This study aimed to elucidate its toxicological mechanisms by developing an azadirachtin-resistant Drosophila strain through continuous laboratory selection. After five years of directional screening, we successfully established the Aza-Sel strain with a resistance ratio of 86.7-fold. Genetic analysis revealed that the resistance trait is incompletely recessive and polygenic in nature. Detoxification enzyme and synergism assays demonstrated that elevated activities of glutathione-S-transferases and esterases play crucial roles in the metabolic resistance of this strain. Cross-resistance spectrum analysis showed that the Aza-Sel strain exhibited 12.4-fold and 6.7-fold cross-resistance to emamectin benzoate and dinotefuran, respectively, while displaying negative cross-resistance to chlorpyrifos and indoxacarb, with no significant cross-resistance to other tested insecticides. Notably, the resistant strain exhibited substantial fitness costs: significant developmental delays across all stages (egg, larva, pupa), prolonged developmental duration, markedly reduced fecundity and egg hatch rate, and significantly shortened male longevity. These findings indicate that the azadirachtin-resistant strain bears severe fitness costs, which may account for the slow development of resistance under laboratory selection conditions. The results confirm the significant advantages of azadirachtin in integrated pest management, particularly its negative cross-resistance characteristics with emamectin benzoate and indoxacarb, making it an ideal option for managing resistant pests.
研究领域:
昆虫学
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毒理学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
INFECTION AND IMMUNITY
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2025
·
IF 2.8
Yanan Wei,Wenjie Jia,Yanying Sun,Tianmu Zhang,Hongyu Miao,Zekun Wu,Ran Dong,Fangyong Ning,Woo Jae Kim
Apamin, an 18-amino-acid honeybee venom peptide, although traditionally recognized for its neurotoxic effects, demonstrates potent antimicrobial properties in our research when genetically expressed in Drosophila. This antimicrobial efficacy is independent of its disulfide bonds and is enhanced when the peptide is membrane-tethered. Apamin selectively inhibits pathogenic bacteria, such as Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterococcus faecalis, and Escherichia coli, while promoting beneficial bacteria like Lactobacillus plantarum, thereby improving the gut microbiome. This gut-localized antimicrobial activity is associated with increased intestinal stem cell proliferation, midgut acidification, and enteroendocrine cell calcium signaling. Furthermore, apamin’s antimicrobial function relies on specific peptidoglycan recognition proteins, particularly PGRP-LA and PGRP-SCs. Apamin expression alone is sufficient to restore the integrity of the gut barrier compromised by stressful conditions. Ultimately, apamin supplementation enhances honeybee gut health in the presence of ingested bacteria. The expression of other honeybee antimicrobial peptides also significantly reduces bacterial infection in flies. Overall, our study provides a comprehensive understanding of honeybee venom peptides and antimicrobial peptides functions, utilizing the Drosophila model system to unravel their mechanisms of action and therapeutic potential.
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高影响因子
eLife
·
2025
·
IF 0
Gaohang Wang,Wei Qi,Rui Huang,Liming Wang
Sweet taste perception, a critical aspect of the initiation of feeding behavior, is primarily regulated by an animal’s internal metabolic state. However, non-metabolic factors, such as motivational and emotional states, can also influence peripheral sensory processing and hence feeding behavior. While mating experience is known to induce motivational and emotional changes, its broader impact on other innate behaviors, such as feeding, remains largely uncharacterized. In this study, we demonstrated that the mating failure of male fruit flies suppressed sweet taste perception via dopamine signaling in specific neural circuitry. Upon repetitive failure in courtship, male flies exhibited a sustained yet reversible decline of sweet taste perception, as measured by the proboscis extension reflex (PER) towards sweet tastants as well as the neuronal activity of sweet-sensing Gr5a+ neurons in the proboscis. Mechanistically, we identified a small group of dopaminergic neurons projecting to the subesophageal zone (SEZ) and innervating with Gr5a+ neurons as the key modulator. Repetitive sexual failure decreased the activity of these dopaminergic neurons and in turn, suppressed Gr5a+ neurons via Dop1R1 and Dop2R receptors. Our findings revealed a critical role for dopaminergic signaling in integrating reproductive experience with appetitive sensory processing, providing new insights into the complex interactions between different innate behaviors and the role of brain’s reward systems in regulating internal motivational and emotional states.
研究领域:
神经科学
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行为生物学
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感觉生物学
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分子神经科学
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神经行为学
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DOI
PubMed
CURRENT BIOLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 7.5
Mingmin Zhou,Meijun Zheng,Xiaohang Zhang,Xin Liu,Jing Guo,Xichu Cao,Aike Guo,Yan Li
Animals display rhythmic foraging behavior synchronized with the Earth’s 24-h cycle. However, the underlying neural mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we found that one group of olfactory inhibitory projection neurons (iPNs) in Drosophila , called mlPN3, exhibits circadian responses to food odor and plays an essential role in promoting rhythmic foraging. We show that this circadian activity of mlPN3 neurons is driven by a rhythmic inhibition from a group of dopaminergic neurons (DANs), PAM-β'2. Furthermore, PAM-β'2 DANs are activated in the early morning by a group of circadian neurons, called morning cells, through pigment-dispersing factor (PDF) neuropeptide. Suppressing either PAM-β'2 DANs or morning cells impairs morning foraging, which is fully rescued by inhibiting mlPN3 neurons. Together, our findings show that the constant inhibition on foraging behavior of these iPNs is lifted by the circadian signal through dopaminergic suppression, providing critical insights into the function of the disinhibition circuit in circadian regulation.
研究领域:
神经科学
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时间生物学
·
行为遗传学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
STAR Protocols
·
2026
·Vol. 7
·期 2
·104466
·
IF 1.4
Jinhua Li,Yanzhe Pan,Yansong Zhang,Siyuan Lin,Min Liu,Alan Jian Zhu
Summary Here, we present a protocol for inducing oxidative stress in the Drosophila melanogaster larval brain to facilitate the screening of regulators involved in redox homeostasis. We describe steps for the collection of synchronized larvae and their treatment with oxidative stressors. We then detail procedures for larval brain dissection, lipid droplet staining, image acquisition, and the assessment of glutathione redox status. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Li et al. 1
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ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY
·
2025
·
IF 6.1
Ke Zhang,Xing Zhang,Yaopeng Zheng,Binquan Wang,Xiaoyan Zhang,Yuanyuan Song,Xiaoxiao Luo,Mingkuan Sun
Bisphenol S (BPS), a widely used substitute for Bisphenol A (BPA), has been implicated in neurodevelopmental disorders by numerous studies. While BPS has been known for neurodevelopmental disturbance, the analysis and molecular mechanisms underlying the neurotoxicity are not completely understood. This study utilizes a Drosophila model to investigate the developmental neurotoxicity of BPS and its underlying molecular mechanisms. The results demonstrate that BPS exposure significantly induces abnormal behaviors in Drosophila , including social interaction deficits, increased self-grooming, and impaired locomotor activity. Moreover, BPS disrupts axonal development, leading to abnormal α and β lobes in the mushroom body (MB) and structural damage in the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). NMJ defects are marked by reductions in area, length, perimeter, bouton number, branching, and overall morphological integrity. A genome-wide association study (GWAS) identified Lar as a key mediator of BPS-induced neurotoxicity. Molecular docking simulations and Western blot analyses further confirmed that BPS interferes with the cytoplasmic functions of Lar . Notably, neuronal overexpression of Lar ’s cytoplasmic domain rescued MB and NMJ defects and mitigated BPS-induced behavioral abnormalities. These findings suggest that BPS impairs Lar function, thereby disrupting MB and NMJ morphology and ultimately inducing abnormal behaviors in Drosophila .
研究领域:
毒理学
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神经发育生物学
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分子遗传学
·
环境健康科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
TOXICOLOGICAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·
IF 1.1
Hui Jin,Feiyue Feng,Fanhao Kong,Xiangyu Li,Jie Shen
Lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2 or LCO) is a widely employed cathode material in rechargeable lithium-ion batteries and has garnered attention due to its potential environmental impact. In our study,adult Drosophila melanogaster was exposed to varying concentrations of lithium cobalt oxide (0, 1 mg/L, 10 mg/L, and 100 mg/L) for 20 days. We measured several parameters, including energy metabolism, food intake, oviposition, spontaneous activity, and tube-level group inactivity. Female fruit flies exhibited increased lipid and glucose levels after exposure to LCO, while males showed a decrease in both. Changes in food intake and protein levels were observed but did not reach statistical significance. Significant decreases in egg laying were evident at the highest concentration. Moreover, locomotor activity and tube-level group inactivity exhibited dose-dependent variations, with flies experiencing decreased activity and increased tube-level group inactivity. Our findings demonstrate that long-term exposure to LCO can induce alterations in energy metabolism, egg laying, locomotor activity, and tube-level group inactivity in adult Drosophila melanogaster. These effects were observed in a dose-dependent way. This study contributes to understanding the potential ecological consequences and impacts on insects associated with the widespread use of this material.
研究领域:
环境毒理学
·
昆虫生理学
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代谢生态学
·
纳米材料毒性
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高影响因子
eFood
·
2025
·Vol. 6
·期 6
·e70091
·
IF 5.7
Quanyong Wu,Caohuizi Xiao,Boya Ouyang,Jesus Simal-Gandara,Yaping Qi,Zi Chen
Tea polyphenols (TPs), potent antioxidants found in tea, offer cellular protection and health benefits. Dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), a widely used organic solvent in medicine, remains controversial due to its potential embryonic toxicity. This study explored the effects of TPs from oolong and black tea, DMSO exposure, and their combined treatment on embryonic development using a fruit fly model. TPs from oolong tea (rich in catechin and EGCG) and black tea (mainly catechin) promoted embryonic development, enhanced larval vitality, and improved oxidative stress resistance in adults. Catechin intervention mirrored the effects of TPs from oolong and black tea, while the effect of EGCG was sex-dependent. DMSO showed dose-dependent toxicity, with 1% concentrations disrupting organ development and preventing emergence. Notably, EGCG and oolong tea TPs supported normal organ formation. Furthermore, catechin and tea TPs alleviated 0.5% DMSO-induced damage, boosting larval vitality, adult locomotion, and body weight in males, while reducing oxidative stress.
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