CATALYSIS LETTERS
·
2019
·Vol. 149
·期 11
·2994-2999
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IF 2.372
Zhang Shengnan,Wang Hongmei,Cang Ruibai,Lu Bin,Zhao Jingxiang,Cai Qinghai
Abstract A composite material (FeSIL) prepared by FeCl 3 -imidazolium ionic liquid grafted on SBA-15 exhibited effective catalytic activity for solvent-free oxidation of styrene into benzaldehyde with high selectivity using H 2 O 2 oxidant and it presented easy recovery and reusability. In situ DRIFTS spectra for styrene and H 2 O 2 adsorption showed that an intermediate Fe 3+ –π surface complex on the catalyst surface was responsible for the activation of styrene and its reaction with H 2 O 2 molecules on the surface or in the bulk phase. Graphic Abstract Iron-chloride immobilized ionic liquid (FeSIL) was prepared by N -methylimidazole reacting with chloropropylsilane grafted on SBA-15 and coordinating of FeCl 3 to the imidazolium on the surface. The higher catalytic activity of the catalyst for effective oxidation of styrene under solvent-free condition were achieved The catalyst can be easily recovered and effectively reused without a significant loss in its activity.
研究领域:
催化化学
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材料科学
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高影响因子
APPLIED PHYSICS A-MATERIALS SCIENCE & PROCESSING
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2025
·Vol. 131
·期 6
·1-12
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IF 2.8
Cai Hongxin,Yu Hang,Liu Yuanyuan,Yan Lingling,Chen Liang,Hu Qiang,Wang Lingli,Li Bin
A series of FeCl 3 doped MIL-101(Cr)/silicon nanoporous pillar array (FeCl 3 /MIL-101(Cr)/Si-NPA) humidity sensors were prepared by growing FeCl 3 doped MIL-101(Cr) on Si-NPA via a facile spin-coating method. Systematically evaluation of capacitive sensing performance demonstrated that FeCl 3 incorporation significantly enhanced humidity sensitivity. This improvement can be attributed to the increased hydrophilicity of the MIL-101(Cr)/Si-NPA composite membranes induced by FeCl 3 , as confirmed by the water contact angle test results. Notably, the 8 wt.% FeCl 3 /MIL-101(Cr)/Si-NPA humidity sensor exhibited the best comprehensive sensing properties, with excellent linearity (R 2 = 0.991) in the 11–75% relative humidity (RH) range. The capacitance of the humidity sensor increased by nearly three orders of magnitude from 11% RH to 75% RH at 300 Hz. Additionally, the humidity sensor displayed fast response (46 s) and recovery (6 s) times, as well as excellent reproducibility. The sensing mechanism was explored through the analysis of complex impedance curves. These finding indicate that the 8 wt.% FeCl 3 /MIL-101(Cr)/Si-NPA sensor holds considerable promise for humidity sensing applications.
研究领域:
材料科学
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传感器技术
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高影响因子
SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Huiyong Wu,Jianfeng Zhang,Tingting Dong,Yue Cheng,Xuesheng Hu,Huizhou Liu,Liangrong Yang
To address the growing demand for lithium amidst its limited supply, it is crucial to explore diverse and economically viable lithium resources to alleviate the pressure. Oilfield brine offers significant potential, particularly due to their reduced land and freshwater requirements for lithium extraction, which dramatically lowers costs and provides environmental benefits. However, the recovery of lithium from oilfield brine is relatively under-explored yet due to highly excess of coexisted magnesium and particularly calcium as well as extensive pretreatment process. To tackle this challenge, we reported a direct lithium extraction method using tris(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TOP)-FeCl 3 solvent extraction system in this work. The proposed system achieved superior Li + binding affinity with 77 % extraction in single stage and especially ultrahigh selectivity for Li + /Mg 2+ (separation factor: 5737) and Li + /Ca 2+ (separation factor: 96) from real oilfield brine containing 52.1 g‧L -1 Mg 2+ and 84.4 g‧L -1 Ca 2+ . The results significantly outperform traditional tri-n-butyl phosphate (TBP)-FeCl 3 system, where Li + /Ca 2+ selectivity is neglectable. The extraction mechanism was investigated using UV–visible, Raman spectroscopy, ESI-MS and slope ratio method, suggesting [Li‧2TOP·2H 2 O][FeCl 4 ] may be the active lithium complex species during extraction process in our system. The increased hydrophobicity and extended carbon chain compared to TBP molecule may contribute to the extraordinary selectivity and stability. This work presents a comprehensive extraction process and offers new insights into optimizing extractant structures to achieve enhanced selectivity. These results demonstrate that TOP-FeCl 3 extraction system is highly promising for the industrial recovery of Li + from real oilfield brine.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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高影响因子
RSC Advances
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2017
·Vol. 7
·期 81
·51142-51150
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IF 3.108
Ruilian Li,Jian Zhao,Fengxia Yang,Yingchao Zhang,Daniele Ramella,Yu Peng,Yi Luan
A novel magnetic Fe3O4@P4VP(poly(4-vinylpyridine))@FeCl3 core–shell structure was successfully synthesized. Its Fe3O4@P4VP core was initially prepared via polymerization of 4-vinyl pyridine on the surface of Fe3O4 microspheres. The successful introduction of the FeCl3 moiety as a catalytic active site was achieved through coordination interaction between P4VP and FeCl3. The obtained Fe3O4@P4VP@FeCl3 catalyst was applied in the selective oxidation of alcohols using molecular oxygen as the oxidant. It was shown that a variety of alcohol substrates is tolerated under optimized reaction conditions. Additionally, benzylic oxidation of hydrocarbon compounds was also evaluated using Fe3O4@P4VP@FeCl3 as the catalyst and tBuOOH as the oxidant, achieving high yields and very good selectivities. The heterogeneity of the Fe3O4@P4VP@FeCl3 core–shell catalyst was tested and the initial activity was maintained after five reuses.
研究领域:
化学
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催化科学
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DOI
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2017
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IF 5.651
Hongdan Zhang,Shuaishuai Zhang,Hongyou Yuan,Gaojin Lyu,Jun Xie
An organosolv pretreatment system consisting of 60% ethanol and 0.025 mol·L −1 FeCl 3 under various temperatures was developed in this study. During the pretreatment, the highest xylose yield was 11.4 g/100 g raw material, representing 49.8% of xylose in sugarcane bagasse. Structural features of raw material and pretreated substrates were characterized to better understand how hemicellulose removal and delignification affected subsequent enzymatic hydrolysis. The 160 °C pretreated solid presented a remarkable glucose yield of 93.8% for 72 h. Furthermore, the influence of different additives on the enzymatic hydrolysis of pretreated solid was investigated. The results indicated that the addition of Tween 80 shortened hydrolysis time to 6 h and allowed a 50% reduction of enzyme loading to achieve the same level of glucose yield. This work suggested that FeCl 3 -catalyzed organosolv pretreatment could improve the enzymatic hydrolysis significantly and reduce the hydrolysis time and enzyme dosage with the addition of Tween 80.
研究领域:
生物技术
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化学工程
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE
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2024
·
IF 6.3
Yuwei Yan,Hongyan Li,Songnan Li,Jiawei Zhang,Jingxiang Zhao,Qinghai Cai
PdCl 2 -FeCl 3 -imidazolium ionic liquid immobilized SBA-15 (SIL-PdFe) was prepared via chloropropyltriethoxysilane grafting with the surface Si-OH and N-methyl imidazole with C-Cl bond, followed by PdCl 2 and FeCl 3 coordinating to imidazolium ring. The SIL-PdFe was used as a heterogeneous catalyst for solvent-free Wacker oxidation of styrene with H 2 O 2 oxidant, exhibiting high catalytic performance with styrene conversion of 95.4% and 87.7 % selectivity (54.2% acetophenone and 33.5% benzaldehyde). The catalyst can be easily recovered and effectively reused without a significant loss in the activity and selectivity. The quenching experiments by adding tert -butanol (TBA), 1,4-benzoquinone (p-BQ) and furfural alcohol (FA) in the reaction system were conducted to identify kind of the reactive O species produced by the catalyst activating H 2 O 2 and the reaction mechanism of the Wacker oxidation was then proposed.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化材料
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高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2018
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IF 6.14
Chao Wang,Qilin Zhang,Yanglei Chen,Xueming Zhang,Feng Xu
The economically viable synthesis of levulinic acid (LA), a promising and valuable renewable biomass-derived platform for bioproducts, with high carbon efficiency is a challenge. A direct and highly effective catalytic system for conversion of xylose residues (XRs) into LA under mild conditions by using FeCl3 as catalyst and cheaply available NaCl as promoter has been developed. The NaCl solution exhibits high carbon efficiency in LA (68.0 mol %) when compared with the non-NaCl systems (48.5 mol %) due to the moderate increase of the acidity and the higher viscosity of the NaCl system than water. The experimental results demonstrated that the presence of NaCl caused no distinctive changes on reaction pathways but increased the dissolution rate and the hydrolysis rate of XRs cellulose. Moreover, further integration of our degradation process with a reactive extraction step makes energy-efficient separation of LA. The NaCl solutions easily and efficiently extracted LA into LA-derived solvent 2-methyltetrahydrofuran from aqueous solutions. The efficiency and integration of the reaction process presented a great potential for LA production from renewable biomass with the aid of concentrated seawater.
研究领域:
生物质化学
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催化化学
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高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2025
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IF 8
Wenjian Liu,Mengjiao Fan,Kai Sun,Xiao Cheng,Fei Wu,Shu Zhang,Xun Hu
FeCl 3 is a Lewis acid catalyzing condensation reaction, which might be beneficial for enhancing mass yield of activated carbon (AC) if used as a co-activator. Herein, this was verified by conducting activation of willow with various activators (ZnCl 2 , K 2 C 2 O 4 , H 3 PO 4 ) in the presence/absence of FeCl 3 . The results indicated that FeCl 3 competed with acid-catalyzed reactions induced by ZnCl 2 or H 3 PO 4 , interfering aromatization and diminishing AC yields (from 40.8 % to 37.0 % with ZnCl 2 ). In the activation with K 2 C 2 O 4 + FeCl 3 , In-situ IR measurement showed that FeCl 3 catalyzed polymerization reactions, but polymeric products were not stable and were further cracked with K 2 C 2 O 4 , reducing AC yield drastically from 27.6 % to 7.1 %. The co-presence of FeCl 3 in the activation reduced overall specific surface area (1201.6 versus 1127.2 m 2 g −1 for K 2 C 2 O 4 ) by merging of micropores to form a higher percentage of mesopores (i.e. 2.0 % to 17.1 % for K 2 C 2 O 4 , and 9.2 % to 41.4 % for H 3 PO 4 ). This pore restructuring significantly enhanced tetracycline adsorption (99.9 % removal for AC- K 2 C 2 O 4 + FeCl 3 versus 61.1 % for AC-K 2 C 2 O 4 alone), while compromising phenol adsorption (48.7 % versus 96.1 %) due to reduced micropore availability. The reduced specific surface area was also attributed to the retention of inorganics by solid phase reactions between FeCl 3 and K 2 C 2 O 4 or H 3 PO 4 . Additionally, the presence of FeCl 3 resulted in more fragmented surface of ACs generated from all activators.
研究领域:
化学工程
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2022
·Vol. 101
·期 4
·2139-2147
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IF 2.5
Linju Qiao,Hang Chen,Jianguo Yu
In this study, a complete cyclic process was developed for the lithium extraction from high-concentration salt-lake brine by using a high flash point, low water solubility, and low toxicity diluent mixed with the TBP-FeCl 3 -based organic solvent. The process was composed of four sections, including extraction, scrubbing, stripping, and regeneration. The optimal conditions for each section were determined first. Then, a 13-stage cyclic extraction process was designed and validated experimentally for the high lithium concentration brine, which reached 8.612 g/L. By using the diluent at the optimized conditions, the overall recovery of lithium was higher than 96%. The stripping liquid contained 38.87 g/L Li + , while all the ratios of impurities of sodium, potassium, and magnesium to lithium were less than 0.1. The aims of enrichment and purification of Li + from the complicated brine system were achieved by the developed extraction process with little Fe loss, which provided the technical support for the development of the salt-lake lithium resource.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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高影响因子
DESALINATION
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2024
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IF 8.3
Li Wang,Jianfeng Zhang,Shixin Meng,Huiyong Wu,Yunze Zhao,Zhen Meng,Lei Feng,Huanting Wang,Yuan Cheng,Liangrong Yang,Huizhou Liu
The dissolution loss of extractant into aqueous solution during lithium solvent extraction from salt lakes poses a significant issue. We found that branched chains of neutral organophosphorus extractants provide suitable steric hindrance, enhancing lithium extraction efficiency and Li/Mg selectivity. Additionally, increasing the number of alkyl chains in organophosphorus extractants increases their hydrophobicity, thereby reducing extractant dissolution loss during the extraction process. Based on these findings, a novel extraction system comprising tri(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TOP), FeCl 3 , and 4-methyl-2-pentanone (MIBK) was explored. The extraction conditions, including the Fe/Li molar ratio, diluents, phase ratio, and stripping conditions, were thoroughly investigated and optimized. The extraction mechanism was elucidated at the molecular level using FT-IR, Raman, NMR, and density functional theory (DFT) calculations. The results demonstrated that the TOP-FeCl 3 -MIBK system achieved an 85 % extraction efficiency for Li + in a single stage, with a Li + /Mg 2+ separation factor reaching 5842, surpassing previously reported data in the literature. 31 P NMR and 7 Li NMR analyses revealed that the TOP and tributyl phosphate (TBP) complexes existed in different forms within the organic phase. Slope analysis indicated that the stoichiometric ratio of the extraction complex involving Li + , TOP, and MIBK was LiFeCl 4 ·TOP·MIBK. Furthermore, DFT calculations indicated that the TOP complex was more stable than the TBP complex after extraction. We anticipate that our findings will pave the way for the development of a series of novel extractants with higher Li/Mg selectivity by enhancing steric hindrance and incorporating longer alkyl chains to minimize dissolution loss. We expect this research to inspire the development of similar neutral organophosphorus extractants.
研究领域:
化学工程
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材料科学
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DOI
高影响因子
ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
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2019
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IF 6.97
Shuting Qiu,Zehong Chen,Hao Zhuo,Yijie Hu,Qingzhong Liu,Xinwen Peng,Linxin Zhong
B, N co-doped porous carbon is fabricated by using chitosan as a carbon precursor, boric acid as a boron source and porogen, and ferric chloride as a multifunctional reagent (i.e., solvent, template, and activator). This strategy results in large amounts of micropores and especially mesopores that are beneficial for electrolyte ions diffusion. The as-synthesized carbon has abundant micropores and mesopores, desirable pore distribution, partial graphite structure, and dual heteroatoms doping, and thus outstanding supercapacitance performances. In a three-electrode system, the B, N co-doped porous carbon shows a high specific capacitance of 393 F g–1 at 0.5 A g–1. In a two-electrode system, the porous carbon exhibits a high capacitance of 205 F g–1 at 1.0 A g–1, and its energy density is high up to 19.1 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 400 W kg–1. Furthermore, the porous carbon exhibits excellent supercapacitance in ionic liquid electrolyte. In addition, the porous carbon possesses excellent cycling stability.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储与转换
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高影响因子
Molecular Catalysis
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2017
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IF 0
Shenghui Zhou,Kuiyi You,Hongxu Gao,Renjie Deng,Fangfang Zhao,Pingle Liu,Qiuhong Ai,He’an Luo
Mesoporous silica-immobilized FeCl 3 (FeCl 3 -SiO 2 ) as a highly efficient and reusable catalyst for the nitration of benzene with NO 2 has been successfully prepared in this work. The physical-chemical properties of samples were characterized by BET, XRD, TG-DTG, NH 3 -TPD, FT-IR, UV–vis DRS, Raman spectra and SEM. The characterization results indicated that FeCl 3 could be immobilized on the silica surface by bonding of FeCl 3 and silicon hydroxyl groups (Si OH) in forming the new Lewis acid sites of Si O Fe Cl 2 . The results showed the immobilized 15%FeCl 3 -SiO 2 catalyst exhibited excellent catalytic performance (99% of benzene conversion with 99% of selectivity to nitrobenzene) under the optimized reaction conditions. Furthermore, the durability of catalyst was remarkably improved by immobilizing. The present immobilized FeCl 3 -SiO 2 catalyst as a solid heterogeneous and stable catalyst could be conveniently recycled from the reaction media by filtering and remained highly catalytic performance even after five runs of recycling. The possible reaction pathway for the nitration of benzene with NO 2 over FeCl 3 -SiO 2 catalyst was suggested. This method provides a promising strategy for highly efficient preparation of nitro aromatic compounds by using NO 2 as nitration reagent, with the potential industrial applications.
研究领域:
化学工程
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催化科学
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）