LIPIDS
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2020
·Vol. 55
·期 3
·251-260
·
IF 1.919
Bingnan He,Xia Wang,Xini Jin,Zimeng Xue,Yinhua Ni,Jianbo Zhu,Caiyun Wang,Yuanxiang Jin,Zhengwei Fu
Studies have elucidated that pyrethroids induce adipogenesis. It is also known that macrophages can affect the homeostasis of adipose tissue. However, whether and how the β-cypermethrin (β-CYP)-mediated inhibition of the macrophages affects adipogenesis remain unknown. To explore the effects of β-CYP on adipogenesis through modulating the function of macrophages, 3T3-L1 cells, a preadipocyte cell line, were exposed to culture medium from either RAW 264.7 cells, a macrophage cell line (RM), or β-CYP-treated RAW 264.7 cells (CRM). CRM decreased the inhibitory effects of RM treatment on cell proliferation and adipogenesis, as lipid accumulation, the CEBPA content, and Fasn and Acaca expression in 3T3-L1 cells were higher following CRM treatment than following RM treatment through the higher levels of the demethylated CEBPA promoter in 3T3-L1 cells. However, the medium from β-CYP- and N-acetyl-L-cysteine-cotreated RAW 264.7 cells (CNRM) partially restored the inhibitory effects of RAW 264.7 cells on 3T3-L1 cells that had been reduced by CRM, indicating that β-CYP might reduce the cytotoxicity and inhibitory effects of RAW 264.7 cells on the adipogenesis of 3T3-L1 cells through elevating ROS levels in RAW 264.7 cells. Moreover, exposure to β-CYP downregulated the TNF-α secretion in RAW 264.7 cells. In conclusion, these data demonstrated that β-CYP affected the function of RAW 264.7 cells, alleviating their inhibitory effects on adipogenesis and CEBPA demethylation in 3T3-L1 cells. β-CYP might achieve these effects through downregulating the secretion of TNF-α via elevating ROS levels in RAW 264.7 cells. Our experiments provide a new perspective on the obesogenic effect of pyrethroids.
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ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2020
·
IF 8.758
Longgang Jia,Wenjuan Wang,Yushan Yan,Rui Hu,Jingcheng Sang,Wenping Zhao,Ying Wang,Wei Wei,Wei Cui,Guoqiang Yang,Fuping Lu,Jie Zheng,Fufeng Liu
Amyloid self-assembly is pathologically linked to many neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD). While many inhibitors have been developed individually for specific amyloid proteins, there are a few effective platforms to screen on a large scale general amyloid inhibitors against different amyloid proteins. Herein, we developed a new class of amyloid inhibitor probes by site-specific conjugation of aggregation-induced emission (AIE) molecules with amyloid proteins (i.e., AIE@amyloid probes) to realize a high-throughput screening of small-molecule inhibitors. Optimization of site-specific AIE conjugation with two amyloid proteins, amyloid-β protein (Aβ) and α-synuclein (αSN), enabled us to retain their high amyloidogenic properties; i.e., AIE-amyloid probes alone exhibited strong fluorescence due to amyloid-like aggregation, but they showed no fluorescence in the presence of amyloid inhibitors to prevent amyloid aggregation. From integration of AIE@amyloid probes and computational virtual screening from a large drug database, it was found that tolcapone possessed a dual inhibition against the aggregation and cytotoxicity of both Aβ and αSN. More importantly, tolcapone significantly improved the spatial cognition and recognition of Aβ-treated mice. This work represents an innovative attempt to design an AIE-based anti-amyloid drug platform for identifying new small-molecule inhibitors against amyloidogenesis in both AD and PD or other amyloid diseases.
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FOOD HYDROCOLLOIDS
·
2020
·
IF 7.053
Fuchao Zhan,Shuang Ding,Wenya Xie,Xiao Zhu,Jiangnan Hu,Jun Gao,Bin Li,Yijie Chen
This study systematically investigated the binding mechanism between capsaicin (CAP) and β-lactoglobulin (β-lg) through the method of multi-spectroscopic, thermodynamics, molecular docking, and molecular dynamics simulation at pH 7.4. The results showed that CAP could interact with β-lg to enhance the fluorescence intensity of β-lg. Simultaneously, the complex formed by CAP and β-lg enhanced the hydrophobicity of the microenvironment of Trp and Tyr in β-lg. The change in particle size without changing the secondary structure of β-lg indicates a transition between the large aggregate particle to small aggregate particle of β-lg. Isothermal titration calorimetric (ITC) results show that hydrophobic interactions play an important role in the formation of the complex. The MD simulation results showed that the RMSD of the systems reached equilibrium and wiggle around the mean value after 30 ns of simulation time. Analysis of Rg indicated that β-lg and β-lg/CAP complex was stabilized around 30 ns. Secondary structure analysis results showed that CAP has no distinct effect on the β-lg structure. Furthermore, the van der Waals interactions are also involved in binding between β-lg and CAP according to the result of MD simulation. The calculational results indicated that CAP preferred to bind to the hydrophobic pocket of β-lg. The obtained results could provide some new clues to the interaction mechanism of β-lg and CAP, which proved that β-lg possesses the ability to apply in functional food as the vehicle of capsaicin.
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MACROMOLECULES
·
2020
·
IF 5.918
Jun Du,Die Huang,Hongkun Li,Anjun Qin,Ben Zhong Tang,Yongfang Li
Thiol–yne click polymerizations have become efficient synthetic tools for the construction of linear and hyperbranched polysulfides with advanced functionalities. However, the polymerization reaction of internal alkynes and thiols has been rarely utilized to prepare functional polymers. In this work, a catalyst-free click polymerization between activated internal alkyne and thiol was developed. The polymerizations of 4,4′-thiodibenzenethiol (1) with dibutynoates (2) and diphenylpropiolates (3) were performed in N,N-dimethylformamide (DMF) at 60 °C, producing poly(β-thioacrylate)s (PTAs) with high molecular weights (Mw up to 50300) and high stereoregularities (Z content up to 84%) in high yields (up to 91%). The click polymerization can be conducted smoothly in an open atmosphere without protection against moisture and oxygen. The resultant PTAs possess good solubility in common organic solvents and high optical transparency. Thanks to the high contents of sulfur atoms, ester groups, and aromatic rings in the polymers, their thin films show high refractive indices (n > 1.63) in the wavelength region of 400–1700 nm. Moreover, the PTAs containing tetraphenylethene moieties exhibit aggregation-induced emission characteristics.
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JOURNAL OF SEPARATION SCIENCE
·
2020
·Vol. 43
·期 8
·1514-1522
·
IF 2.878
Qiong Ma,Xiaolan Liu,Yingying Zhang,Ling Chen,Xueping Dang,Youhong Ai,Huaixia Chen
In this study, porous sandwich structure Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles coated by polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and β-cyclodextrin were prepared by surface polymerization and were used as the magnetic solid phase extraction adsorbent for the extraction and determination of carbaryl and carbofuran. The Fe 3 O 4 nanoparticles coated with polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes and β-cyclodextrin were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, thermogravimetric analysis, vibrating sample magnetometry, and scanning electron microscopy. After optimizing the extraction conditions, a method that combined magnetic solid phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography was developed for the determination of carbaryl and carbofuran in apple. The method exhibited a good linearity in the range of 2–400 μg/kg for carbaryl and carbofuran ( R 2 = 0.9995), respectively. The limits of detection were 0.5 μg/kg of carbaryl and 0.7 μg/kg for carbofuran in apple, respectively. Extraction recoveries ranged from 94.2 to 103.1% with the preconcentration factor of 300 and the relative standard deviations were less than 5.9%. These results indicated that the method combined magnetic solid phase extraction with high-performance liquid chromatography and was promising for the determination of carbaryl and carbofuran at trace amounts.
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Frontiers in Pharmacology
·
2021
·
IF 5.811
Ge Xiangyu,Wang Yitong,Yu Shu,Cao Xuemin,Chen Yicong,Cheng Qiong,Ding Fei
Neuroinflammation plays a crucial role in neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD), and anti-inflammation has been considered as a potential therapeutic strategy. Achyranthes bidentate polypeptide fraction k (ABPPk) was shown to protect neurons from death and suppress microglia and astrocyte activation in PD model mice. However, how ABPPk regulates neuroinflammation to exert a neuroprotective role remains unclear. Toxic Aβ oligomers (AβOs) can trigger inflammatory response and play an important role in the pathogenesis of AD. In the present study, for the first time, we investigated the effects and underlying mechanisms of ABPPk on neuroinflammation in AβOs-induced models of AD. In vitro, ABPPk pretreatment dose-dependently inhibited AβOs-induced pro-inflammatory cytokines mRNA levels in BV2 and primary microglia. ABPPk pretreatment also reduced the neurotoxicity of BV2 microglia-conditioned media on primary hippocampal neurons. Furthermore, ABPPk down-regulated the AβOs-induced phosphorylation of IκBα and NF-κB p65 as well as the expression of NLRP3 in BV2 microglia. In vivo, ABPPk pre-administration significantly improved locomotor activity, alleviated memory deficits, and rescued neuronal degeneration and loss in the hippocampus of AβOs-injected mice. ABPPk inhibited the activation of microglia in hippocampal CA3 region and suppressed the activation of NF-κB as well as the expression of NLRP3, cleaved caspase-1, and ASC in the brain after AβOs injection. ABPPk hindered the release of pro-inflammatory cytokines and promoted the release of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the brain. Notably, the polarization experiment on BV2 microglia demonstrated that ABPPk inhibited M1-phenotype polarization and promoted M2-phenotype polarization by activating the LPS- or AβOs-impaired autophagy in microglia. Taken together, our observations indicate that ABPPk can restore the autophagy of microglia damaged by AβOs, thereby promoting M2-phenotype polarization and inhibiting M1-phenotype polarization, thus playing a role in regulating neuroinflammation and alleviating neurotoxicity.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Runan Zhao,Weiting Fu,Yijie Chen,Bin Li,Shilin Liu,Yan Li
The effect of cinnamaldehyde (CA) on the structure and properties of whey protein isolate (WPI) was investigated. The resultant WPI/CA complex was used as stabilizer to form emulsions and emulsion gels, which were used for the delivery and protection of β-carotene. The particle size and hydrophobicity of WPI solution increased and then decreased with the addition of CA. Circular dichroism showed that CA mainly changed the secondary structure of WPI, with increasing β-fold content from 47.2% to 72.9%. The fluorescence spectra showed that both tryptophan and tyrosine in WPI were involved in the interaction with CA. WPI/CA complex as the stabilizer could form the stable emulsions and emulsion gels, which showed better protection effect on β-carotene, and helped enhance its bioaccessibility. The knowledge provides insights into the development of new multifunctional food ingredients and the enhancement of protein modification in food system.
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Drug Design Development and Therapy
·
2021
·
IF 4.162
Weiyong Hong,Fangyuan Guo,Nan Yu,Sanjun Ying,Bang Lou,Jiangqing Wu,Ying Gao,Xugang Ji,Haiying Wang,Aiqin Li,Guoping Wang,Gensheng Yang
Purpose A novel folate receptor-targeted β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) drug delivery vehicle was constructed to improve the bioavailability, biosafety, and drug loading capacity of curcumin. Controlled release and targeted delivery was achieved by modifying the nanoparticles with folic acid (FA).Methods Folate-conjugated β-CD-polycaprolactone block copolymers were synthesized and characterized. Curcumin-loaded nanoparticles (FA-Cur-NPs) were structured by self-assembly. The physicochemical properties, stability, release behavior and tumor-targeting ability of the fabricated nanoparticles were studied.Results The average particle size and drug loading of FA-Cur-NPs was 151.8 nm and 20.27%, respectively. Moreover, the FA-Cur-NPs exhibited good stability in vitro for 72 h. The drug release profiles showed that curcumin from FA-Cur-NPs was released significantly faster in a pH 6.4 phosphate buffered solution (PBS) than in pH 7.4, indicating that curcumin can be enriched around the tumor site compared with normal cells. Additionally, the internalization of FA-Cur-NPs was aided by FA receptor-mediated endocytosis, and its cytotoxicity was proportional to the cellular uptake efficiency. Furthermore, in vivo studies confirmed that FA-Cur-NPs exhibited marked accumulation in the tumor site and excellent antitumor activity.Conclusion These findings suggest that FA-Cur-NPs are a promising approach for improving cancer therapy through active targeting and controllable release.
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ACTA HISTOCHEMICA
·
2021
·
IF 2.479
Xue Liu,Yumeng Shao,Xinyue Zhang,Xiang Ji,Min Xie,Huaman Liu
The precise etiology and pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis are not completely understood, and no satisfactory treatment exists. This work aimed to examine the effects of calycosin (CA, an isoflavone compound) on pulmonary fibrosis (PF) and explore the underlying mechanism. In this study, we established a mice model of PF induced by 5 mg/mL bleomycin (BLM), and mice were orally administrated with 7 mg/kg or 14 mg/kg CA once a day for three weeks. In vitro , after pretreated with 80 μM CA, MLE-12 cells were stimulated with 10 ng/mL transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) for inducing epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT). The results showed that CA treatment ameliorated the severity of fibrosis and the lung tissue damage, as well as suppressed the secretion of inflammation factors in a dose-dependent manner of the PF mice model induced by BLM. Subsequently, CA inhibited the BLM-induced PF progression by repressing EMT, evidenced by the reverse of the downregulation of E-cadherin and the upregulation of vimentin, α-SMA, and fibronectin. Moreover, the elevated phosphorylation of AKT and GSK3β induced by BLM (or TGF-β1) was decreased by CA treatment, leading to the rescue of the high expression of β-catenin. CA prevented the translocation of β-catenin from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. The repressed effects of CA on the TGF-β1-induced EMT and the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin axis, as well as the translocation of β-catenin were all reversed by a AKT activator SC79. Taken together, CA ameliorated PF by the EMT inhibition upon suppressing the AKT/GSK3β/β-catenin signaling pathway.
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ACS Catalysis
·
2021
·
IF 13.084
Yiwen Yang,Haifeng Qi,Huixiang Li,Zhanwei Xu,Xiumei Liu,Shuyin Yu,Zongchao Conrad Zhang
Efficient hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds of cellulose is a pivotal step in biorefineries of cellulosic biomass. In this work, we discovered that paired PdCl2–CuCl exhibited excellent synergetic catalytic activity over the single PdCl2 or CuCl in the hydrolysis of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds in 1-butyl-3-methylimidazolium chloride ([BMim]Cl) and further investigated the catalytic species in this system. The catalytic activity increased and reached a plateau at a CuCl/PdCl2 ratio of 1 with increasing molar ratio of CuCl/PdCl2 while keeping the Pd concentration constant. A combination of experimental evidence based on in situ far-infrared absorption, X-ray absorption, X-ray photoelectron, and electron paramagnetic resonance spectroscopies and DFT calculations demonstrate the coupling reaction between [PdIICl4]2– and [CuICl3]2– via the Cl bridge to form the heterometallic complex anion [Cl2PdII–Cl–CuICl2]2–. The heterometallic species is stable during the reaction and maintains its catalytic performance in the presence of various oxygenate additives. Using paired PdCl2–CuCl as a catalyst, the activation energy of hydrolytic cleavage of β-1,4-glycosidic bonds of cellobiose is determined as low as 95.8 kJ/mol. PdCl2–CuCl/[BMim]Cl combined with CrCl3 can be reused five times in cellobiose conversion to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF) without an apparent decrease of catalytic activity. The performance of this catalytic system is further verified for efficient cellulose conversion. More than 60% product yield is obtained at 100 °C from the cellulose, affording monosaccharides for efficient production of high value-added chemicals, such as 5-HMF, when CrCl3 is present to catalyze the conversion of glucose to 5-HMF.
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POLYMER
·
2021
·
IF 4.43
Lin-feng Han,Xue Geng,Lin Ye,Ai-ying Zhang,Zeng-guo Feng
In this study β-cyclodextrins (β-CDs) were reacted with 1,6-diisocyanatohexane (HDI) end-capped poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) diols (M n = 10–80 kg/mol) to give access to β-CD terminated PCLs (PCL-CDs). At the same time an adamantine terminated PCL (P2Ad) was synthesized from the reaction of a PCL diol (M n = 2 kg/mol) with 1-adamantyl isocyanate and an adamantine end-capped hexane (HAd) was prepared from the reaction of HDI with 1-adamantyl amine. Subsequently PCL-CDs and their mixtures with HAd and P2Ad at a 95:5 feeding mass ratio were dissolved in hexafluoroisopropanol and cast into films. The dried films were characterized by means of mechanical property, shape memory, DSC and DMA measurements to reveal their phase-separation mechanism and solvent-free inclusion complexation. It was shown that attaching β-CDs to two ends of PCL diols leads to the new phase-separation morphology in the PCL-CDs matrix making a great contribution to the mechanical and shape memory properties. Adding HAd and P2Ad further enhances the mechanical and shape memory properties evidencing the occurrence of solvent-free inclusion complexation between β-CD and Ad-terminated PCLs.
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FOOD CHEMISTRY
·
2021
·
IF 7.514
Xiuheng Xue,Haiyong He,Cunjun Liu,Li Wang,Lu Wang,Yueji Wang,Luping Wang,Chen Yang,Juhua Wang,Ruyan Hou
Diacylglycerol (DAG) is commonly used as fat substitute in food manufacture due to its functional properties, but DAG has poor emulsification and oxidation stability, which limits its wide application in food industry. In this work, fluorescence quenching data and thermodynamic parameters were analyzed to investigate the interaction mechanism between l -theanine (L-Th) and β-lactoglobulin (β-LG). DAG emulsion was prepared by using β-lactoglobulin-theanine (β-LG-Th) as surface stabilizer, and its emulsification and oxidation stability were evaluated. The results showed that the hydrophobic interaction played an important role on the conjugate of β-LG and L-Th due to the negative values for ΔG, positive values for ΔH and ΔS at pH 4.0, pH 6.0 and pH 8.0. The DAG has been better embedded by using β-LG-Th as surface stabilizer, and the droplet size was about 0.2 µm to 1.5 µm when the pH was 6.0, the ratio of L-Th to β-LG was 1:1. β-LG-Th as surface stabilizer for DAG can increase the ζ-potential and emulsion index, make the emulsion droplet size distribution more uniform. The l -theanine was better to be used to improve the emulsification stability and antioxidant capacity of DAG by binding β-LG as surface stabilizer.
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