JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2021
·Vol. 32
·期 6
·7848-7857
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IF 2.478
Wu ZhiJie,Hou YaFei,Chen Hui,Du Peng,Luo LaiHui,Li WeiPing
The perpendicular orientation of nanowires to electric fields would greatly improve the breakdown strengths ( E b ) of polymer-based nanocomposites; however, the relatively small polarization at small filler fraction, and thus the unsatisfactory discharged energy density ( U d ), greatly restrict their further application. In this study, x vol.% TO@TO/PVDF nanocomposites with superior energy storage performances have been fabricated, where the ironbark-like TiO 2 fillers (TO@TO) with core–shell structures lead to greatly enhanced polarization and E b simultaneously. The former is due to the coupling effects of the increased interfacial polarization, while the latter is due to the enhanced path tortuosity of electric tree growing at small TO@TO fraction. Strikingly, an excellent U d of 13.1 J/cm 3 was achieved in the 1.5 vol.% TO@TO/PVDF nanocomposite at 383 MV/m, which is greatly increased by 220% compared with that of pure PVDF (5.98 J/cm 3 ). The primary results might provide a strategy to design and fabricate nanocomposites with satisfactory energy storage performances as well as the flexible and easy processing ability at small filler fraction.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
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2021
·
IF 5.909
Wanying Xie,Ji Li,Feiyun Sun,Wenyi Dong,Zijun Dong
Aiming at the fouling problem of PVDF membrane, one novel integrated strategy was used for the first time, including hydrophilic membrane modification and low-pressure operation. Permeability and anti-fouling ability of PVDF were simultaneously improved by nano-TiO 2 embedment. From perspective of operating condition optimization, the concepts of critical flux (J C ) and threshold flux (J TH ) were recommended as fouling-control tools. The J C and J TH of PVDF-TiO 2 membrane were tested by two constant pressure-steps methods, i.e. Constant pressure-step method and Alternating constant pressure-step method. Three indicators, consisting of instant FTTT curves, dFlux/dt condition and TMP-Flux ave curve, were employed to evaluate the J C and J TH of PVDF-TiO 2 membrane. In brief, the J C and J TH of PVDF-TiO 2 were 10.62 and 23.91 L/(m 2 ·h), respectively, which were nearly 3 times of PVDF membrane. Fouling resistance results displayed that protein irreversible fouling of two PVDF membranes were effectively reduced by J C mode and J TH mode. Besides, reversible fouling of PVDF-TiO 2 membrane was controlled well by J C mode meanwhile. The pure water filtration line (PWF line) and the normalized resistance were both used to judge the form of J C of two membranes. As compared with PVDF, it was speculated the enhancement of J C and J TH mainly related to the better hydrophilicity and local hydraulic condition of PVDF-TiO 2 modified membrane.
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APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
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2021
·
IF 19.503
Wei Guo,Yao Qin,Cheng Liu,Binbin Guo,Junhua Zou,Zenghong Xie,Ling Wu
This work reports the rapid and effective photocatalytic dechlorination of 3,3′,4,4′-trtrachlorobiphenyl (PCB77) with highly dispersed Pd nanoclusters loaded two-dimensional (2D) TiO 2 (B) nanosheets (Pd/TiO 2 (B)) under visible light irradiation, achieving a dechlorination efficiency of 100 % with H 2 O used as an H-donor source. The ultra-thin TiO 2 (B) nanosheets provide a good platform for studying the dechlorination intermediates/pathways of PCB77 at the molecular level. It is proved that the dechlorination of PCB77 is a stepwise process, in which chlorines at the para positions are much more susceptible than those at the meta positions due to the activation of the C Cl bond in the presence of Pd nanoclusters. Furthermore, in-situ FTIR results of D 2 O absorption suggest that the TiO 2 (B) nanosheets with abundant surface defects greatly promote the activation of water molecules via the formation of surficial complexes by hydrogen bonds. Finally, a synergistic mechanism is proposed for photocatalytic dechlorination of PCB77 over Pd/TiO 2 (B). The study provides an efficient method for complete dechlorination of PCB77 and an in-depth understanding photocatalyzed dechlorination reaction mechanism at the molecular level, which may extend to other photocatalytic dehalogenation reactions of halogenated pollutants.
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COMPOSITES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
·
2021
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IF 8.528
Jiayao Yang,Hengxu Wang,Xiaohuan Liu,Shenyuan Fu,Pingan Song
The intrinsic brittleness has significantly restricted practical applications of epoxy resins. Existing toughening strategies often lead to degraded mechanical strength . Hence, it has been attractive but a huge challenge to design high-performance sustainable additives that can simultaneously improve strength and toughness of epoxy resins. Here, we report the synthesis of a nano-TiO 2 /regenerate cellulose (RC) biohybrid via a facile microwave method for strengthening and toughening a soft epoxy resin system (modulus below 1 GPa). Our results show that with 10 phr nano-TiO 2 /RC, the resultant epoxy composite exhibits simultaneous enhancements in tensile strength and impact toughness , ca. 38% and 40% higher than corresponding values of virgin epoxy resin because of improved interfacial compatibility. Moreover, the addition of as-designed nano-TiO 2 /RC can enhance thermostability of epoxy resin. It has a slightly negative effect on the curing reaction but does not change the curing mechanism of epoxy resins. This study provides a facile, efficient and green method for preparing bifunctional additive for creating strong and tough epoxy composites, which are expected to find wider applications in industries.
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CHEMOSPHERE
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2021
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IF 7.086
Zhixin Shi,Yiming Li,Limei Dong,Yihao Guan,Mutai Bao
The employment of dispersant was an effective method to treat marine oil spill pollution. However, conventional dispersants only showed a single oil dispersion. Here, by modifying TiO 2 nanoparticles with biosurfactant-Rhamnolipids (Rha), a highly efficient particulate dispersant with photocatalytic activity was developed. Rha-TiO 2 showed both excellent oil spill dispersion and facilitated photodegradation for oil simultaneously. The oil droplets dispersed by Rha-TiO 2 in seawater exhibited long time stability, which indicated the synergistic emulsification interactions between TiO 2 and Rha in artificial sea water (ASW). The dispersion mechanism of Rha-TiO 2 was analyzed, we found the TiO 2 nanoparticles alone weren't effectively emulsified oil in high salinity ASW, but the addition of a small amount of Rha could modify the surface wettability of TiO 2 nanoparticles to form the stable emulsion. In addition, the addition of a small amount of Rha could reduce the surface tension of the oil-water interface, which contribute to increasing the content of TiO 2 nanoparticles at the oil-water interface, form a steric rigid layer around the oil droplets to prevent droplet coalescence and facilitate the further photocatalytic degradation of oil. In short, the Rha-TiO 2 nanoparticles could effective disperse oil in ASW, meanwhile the TiO 2 also played the role of photocatalytic degradation of oil pollution. Hence, this study developed a novel photocatalytic particulate dispersant to remediate marine oil spill and delivered a new feasible solution for practical oil spill treatment in the future.
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PubMed
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
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2021
·Vol. 39
·期 5
·1310-1318
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IF 6
Jingyu Zhao,Yaru Li,Ping Na
Main observation and conclusion We reported a facile and green hydrothermal strategy to tailor the carbon dots layer (CDL) and oxygen vacancies (Vo) modified on TiO 2 , by using ascorbic acid as CDL precursor and Vo regulator. The amorphous CDL was uniformly coated on the surface of the as prepared CDL@TiO 2– x composites by Ti-O-C bond. With the increase of carbon content, the amorphous CDL gradually became thicker, while the Vo concentration first increased and then decreased. 1.5 CDL@TiO 2– x possessed the highest Vo concentration. With the decoration of CDL and Vo, the photoreduction properties of CDL@TiO 2– x composites were significantly improved. Under simulated solar light and visible light, the reaction rates of 1.5 CDL@TiO 2– x were 9.6 times and 216 times higher than that of pure TiO 2 , respectively. Interestingly, the results discovered that CDL and Vo influenced the properties of CDL@TiO 2– x composites in different ways. The primary function of CDL was to improve the utilization of solar light, and the enhancement of the charge transfer ability was decided by Vo and CDL together. Our work provides a new strategy for the modification of TiO 2 and sheds new light on the respective role of CDL and Vo when they coexist in the catalyst.
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Journal of Physical Chemistry C
·
2020
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IF 4.189
Lina Lin,Xiaoyu Feng,Dengpeng Lan,Yuang Chen,Qilan Zhong,Chao Liu,Yan Cheng,Ruijuan Qi,Jianping Ge,Chengzhong Yu,Chun-gang Duan,Rong Huang
Interface structure plays an extremely important role in the charge-transfer and photocatalytic performances in plasmonic metal/semiconductor systems. Defect engineering by introducing an oxygen vacancy (Ovac) is an effective way to modulate the interface structure. Here, a representative photocatalyst system including TiO2, TiO2–x, Au-TiO2 and Au-TiO2–x as designed delicately to reveal the detailed mechanism of the plasmon-resonance-induced charge separation in interfacial defect structure from the nanoscale. The local charge transfer via a conducting amorphous-like interface layer is visualized as the arched valence change from Ti3+ to Ti4+ at the Au-TiO2–x interface after Schottky contact. This phenomenon eventually leads to the enhancement of localized surface plasmon resonance (LSPR) at 2.3 eV, and the introduction of Ovac reduces the Schottky barrier height of Au-TiO2–x by 5 mV compared with that of Au-TiO2. Under visible light, Au-TiO2–x excites the most photogenerated carriers to the surface, which is larger than that of TiO2–x and Au-TiO2. It can be concluded that the changes in electronic structure eventually promote charge transfer in visible light and explain the original reason that the coupling of Ovac and Au could improve the photocatalytic performance.
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INDUSTRIAL & ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY RESEARCH
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2020
·
IF 3.573
Ying Wang,Jian He,Pan Wu,Dingyuan Luo,Runhua Yan,Hao Zhang,Wei Jiang
In this study, a common refractory aquaculture hybrid wastewater containing copper and tetracycline (TC) was treated to simultaneously remove such pollutants through a formic-acid-assisted photocatalysis process with TiO2 as the photocatalyst. The results show that pure aqueous TC can be completely photodecomposed by TiO2, although the removal rate of pure Cu ions through photocatalysis without the addition of a scavenger can be neglected. For simultaneously photodegrading TC–Cu(II) hybrid wastewater, the TC degradation rate is accelerated, whereas the Cu(II) removal rate remains at 20% through adsorption. TC cannot promote the photoreduction of Cu(II) as a sacrificial agent, and its intermediate products form a stable complex with Cu(II), hindering further reduction. The addition of formic acid effectively releases Cu ions from the complex as a pH regulator and enhances the photocatalysis process as a hole scavenger. Through the addition of formic acid after complete TC photooxidation, the final chemical oxygen demand (COD) and Cu concentration were only 8 and 0.4 mg/L, respectively. This study provides a simple and promising method for simultaneously treating TC–Cu(II) hybrid wastewater using formic-acid-assisted TiO2 photocatalysis.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2020
·
IF 9.038
Lei Xu,Junfeng Niu,Hongbin Xie,Xiao Ma,Yunqing Zhu,John Crittenden
The effective electrochemical oxidation of aqueous carbamazepine (CBZ) using a novel blue-colored TiO 2 nanotube arrays (BC-TiO 2 NTA) membrane filter anode was studied. The BC-TiO 2 NTA was characterized using SEM, TEM, BET, mercury intrusion porosimetry, XPS, XRD, CV, and LSV. The BC-TiO 2 NTA had reserved pore structure, formed mesopores, specific and electroactive surface areas of 2.01 m 2 g −1 and 9.32 cm 2 cm −2 , respectively. The oxygen evolution potential was 2.61 V vs. SCE. CBZ could be degraded by OH, SO 4 − and O 2 − on BC-TiO 2 NTA in accordance to pseudo-first-order kinetic, which was greatly enhanced in flow-through mode. The optimal kinetic rate constant of CBZ degradation of 0.403 min −1 was achieved at 3 mA cm −2 , while energy consumption per order was 0.086 kW h m −3 . The mineralization efficiency and mineralization current efficiency were 50.8 % and 9.5 % at 180 min, respectively. The presence of Cl − (0.3−3 mM) accelerated electrochemical degradation of CBZ, while NO 3 − (0.1−2 mM) inhibited the reaction. Based on density functional theory calculation and UPLC-Orbitrap-MS/MS measurement, we found that electrochemical degradation of CBZ was initialized by cleavage of −CONH 2 group and attack of OH on the olefinic double bond of the central heterocyclic ring.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2020
·Vol. 31
·期 22
·19797-19808
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IF 2.22
Wang Peng,Xu Shiyu,Wang Jiayu,Liu Xuezheng
Photocatalysis technology has received much attention on the treatment of antibiotics residues. In this paper, CdS quantum dots (QDs)-decorated TiO 2 (CDS-T for short) have been prepared successfully through a photodeposition method and utilized as photocatalysts for degradation of metronidazole (MTZ). Under visible light irradiation for 60 min, the degradation ratio of MTZ over CDS-T-3 that was prepared by 3 h of photodeposition reached up to 90.9%, which was 1.5 times than that reached over commercial CdS. The decoration of CdS QDs onto TiO 2 can enlarge light absorption range to visible region. Furthermore, greatly improved separation efficiency of photogenerated carriers is realized through forming heterojunction. Activity control experiments demonstrate that O 2 · − serve as the main active species, while ·OH and holes (h + ) play secondary roles on the MTZ degradation. Moreover, electron spin resonance (ESR) technique, terephthalic acid photoluminescence (TA-PL) technique and N,N-diethyl-p-phenylenediamine (DPD) method confirm that larger amounts of active species are generated from CDS-T-3 than that from commercial CdS under visible light. This study can not only offer an easy method to prepare CdS quantum dots-decorated TiO 2 but also enlarge its application in solving the problem of metronidazole contamination.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2020
·
IF 10.652
Yiqing Zeng,Yanan Wang,Plaifa Hongmanorom,Zhigang Wang,Shule Zhang,Jiatang Chen,Qin Zhong,Sibudjing Kawi
Highly-efficient CeO 2 -TiO 2 -based catalyst is an attractive alternative to traditional V 2 O 5 -based catalysts for selective catalytic reduction of NO x by NH 3 (NH 3 -SCR). Herein, we construct an efficient and stable P-doped CeO 2 /TiO 2 ( y CeTi-P x ) catalyst by dispersing CeO 2 on strongly acidic and highly stable mesoporous P-doped TiO 2 (Ti-P x ). The characteristic structure of Ti-P x causes highly dispersed CeO 2 , strong active component-support interaction, and abundant surface active oxygen and acid sites on CeTi-P catalyst. Therefore, y CeTi-P x catalyst exhibits much higher catalytic activity than y CeTi catalyst at temperature of 200–450 °C. The y CeTi-P x catalysts show high activity in the presence of H 2 O and strong resistance to H 2 O + SO 2 at medium-high temperature, implying that they have great industrial application prospects. Different P/Ti ratio and CeO 2 loading content were investigated. Excessive P doping can block the Ce 4+ /Ce 3+ redox couple, and suppress redox sites on y CeTi-P x catalyst. Additionally, increasing CeO 2 content can reduce the NH 3 capacity of y CeTi-P x catalyst. By controlling the P/Ti ratio and CeO 2 loading content, surface acid sites and redox sites on y CeTi-P x catalyst can be balanced to obtain the best catalytic activity. This work demonstrates a feasible method in adjusting acid sites and redox sites on CeTi catalyst, which ultimately contributes to the new design of CeO 2 -TiO 2 -based catalyst.
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Materials Today Energy
·
2020
·
IF 5.604
J. Khan,N.U. Rahman,W.U. Khan,Y. Wang,S. Fu,G. Ahmed,M.N. Akhtar,M. Wu
In today's optoelectronic devices, particularly perovskite solar cells (PSCs), morphological engineering and microscopic architecture of metal oxide semiconducting materials are of great significance for enhanced charge collection, photonic structuring, and optical enhancement optimization. Herein, three-dimensional hollow TiO 2 sub-microspheres (3D-HTS) composed of anatase nanocrystals are synthesized using the hydrothermal method and used as a novel and efficient type of electron transport layer (ETL) for high-performance mesoscopic PSC. The TiO 2 sub–microsphere-based film features a 3D interconnected structure with tunable film thicknesses and pore sizes. The PSC based on such sub-microsphere films results in an outstanding power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 18.01% that is 28% greater than the TiO 2 nanoparticles (TNPs) ETL-based counterpart (PCE = 14.08%). The better efficiency of the sub–microsphere-made PSC device can be ascribed to the considerably improved charge collection, charge-transport, and light-harvesting capabilities. These valuable properties are because of the titania macropores that allow effective infiltration of the perovskite precursor for efficient light absorption, with reduced charge recombination and enhanced charge-transport through the sub-microspheres architecture. This work shows a practical and straightforward method for preparing 3D metal oxide–based electrodes for superior photovoltaic devices .
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