POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 70
·期 8
·1057-1064
·
IF 2.574
Chunhui Jiang,Tingjian Huang,Yuan Chen,Zexi Su,Xiang Yan,Qibin Xu,Mengjin Jiang,Pengqing Liu
To improve the antifouling properties of poly(ether ether ketone) (PEEK) membrane, negatively charged acrylic acid (AA), neutral ethyl hydroxyacrylate (HEA) and positively charged acryloxyethyl trimethylammonium chloride (DAC) as hydrophilic monomers were respectively grafted onto the PEEK hollow fiber membrane surface via ultraviolet irradiation polymerization. The effects of the grafted monomers on surface chemical structure, surface morphology, zeta potential, hydrophilic performance, permeability and the antifouling properties of the membrane were investigated in detail. The results show that the charge state of the membrane surface is closer to the monomer charge characteristic, which obviously affects the permeability and antifouling performance of the membrane. The pure water flux of the membrane grafted with neutral hydrophilic HEA monomer is increased and the antifouling properties to bovine serum albumin (BSA) and sodium alginate (SA) are also enhanced, while the pure water flux of the membranes grafted with negatively charged AA monomer or positively charged DAC monomer is decreased, with different antifouling properties to BSA and SA. Furthermore, the antifouling experiment with BSA under different pH conditions revealed that membrane fouling depends on the pH value, and membrane fouling was the most serious at the isoelectric point of BSA. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2021
·Vol. 70
·期 9
·1344-1355
·
IF 2.99
Zhi-Yuan Zhang,Li-Li Rui,Ya-Li Lin,Hui-Dan Zhang,Ji-Ming Ou,Jian-Feng He,Quan-Zhou Wu
Three-dimensionally ordered macroporous molecularly imprinted polymers (3DOM MIPs) were prepared for the direct purification of cinchona alkaloids from crude cinchona extract. The 3DOM MIPs were easily prepared by grafting quinine-MIPs on the pore walls of 3DOM thiol-group-functionalized silica. The materials were characterized using various techniques. The results showed that the 3DOM MIPs had a more regular macroporous structure, a greater surface area and a greater porosity than traditional bulk MIPs (TBMIPs). The 3DOM MIPs could reach a high MIP content of 69.9%. And the 3DOM structure could improve intraparticle adsorption and provide more accessible adsorption sites. Consequently, in both static adsorption experiments and solid-phase extraction (SPE), the actual adsorption capacity of the imprinted polymers of the 3DOM MIPs was about 83% higher than that of TBMIPs. Moreover, the 3DOM MIPs exhibited high affinity for quinine, quinidine and cinchonine. Using the quinine-3DOM MIPs as SPE sorbent, quinine, quinidine and cinchonine could be effectively purified from crude cinchona extract with high elution recoveries. Control experiments also showed that the 3DOM MIPs were superior to commercially available adsorbents in terms of the purification of cinchona alkaloids from crude extract. © 2021 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 70
·期 5
·612-618
·
IF 2.574
Yi Xu,Nan Yang,Yujia Liu,Zhengbai Li,Qiang He,Chao Li
5-Aminoindole is designed for aldehyde-functional benzoxazine (PHB-a) copolymerization due to the special reaction between the indole and aldehyde groups, and the copolymerization with benzoxazine monomers. The curing and mechanical behavior and thermal properties of the cured resins are investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, 1 H NMR spectroscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy, dynamic mechanical analysis, tensile tests and thermogravimetric analysis. The resulting networks show better processability and mechanical properties without obvious degradation in thermal performance. The low curing temperature (70 °C) of PHB-a is achieved after incorporation of 5-aminoindole. An elongation rate of 2.54% and a forcing break of around 72.3 MPa are achieved, while neat poly(PHB-a) is brittle and failed in the grips. Furthermore, its glass transition temperature is maintained up to 234 °C. These findings open a new way to realize low-temperature curing and to improve the mechanical properties of brittle polybenzoxazine resins under the premise of maintaining good thermal stability. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 70
·期 2
·230-241
·
IF 2.574
Xin Tong,Wei-Ming Peng,Mei-Ling Zhang,Xiao-Jun Wang,Gang Zhang,Sheng-Ru Long,Jie Yang
A new type of poly(ether-amide) thermoplastic elastomer (TPAE) was synthesized using poly(decamethylene terephthalamide (10T)/decamethylene isophthalamide) as hard segment and poly(ethylene glycol) as soft segment via an efficient, accessible and low-pollution melt polymerization method. Thermoplastic elastomer was synthesized based on semi-aromatic polyamide for the first time. The effects of various compositions of hard segments on the thermal and mechanical properties were investigated. The results show that TPAE synthesized from semi-aromatic polyamide has excellent thermal stability, the initial decomposition temperature of all samples being between 370 and 378 °C. With an increase of 10T content, crystallization ability of the hard segment increased. As 10T content increased, TPAE changed from amorphous to crystalline, and the melting temperature ranged from 175 to 236 °C. Tensile testing revealed that TPAE had excellent and adjustable mechanical properties, and that tensile strength, elongation at break and elasticity modulus were in the ranges 7–40 MPa, 468–835% and 0.036–1.80 MPa. Furthermore, high-temperature tensile test results showed that TPAE-4 still maintained considerable mechanical properties, and had better mechanical properties compared with Pebax® 5533. In particular, TPAE-4 had higher performance decay point for which elasticity modulus and stress at ε = 500% decreased rapidly when the temperature was higher than 80 °C, this point for Pebax® 5533 appearing at 50 °C. Such outstanding performance indicated that this new class of elastomer has the potential to be used in high-temperature conditions. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 70
·期 3
·282-287
·
IF 2.574
Jiaxin Wei,Yingshuang Shang,Da Xu,Zhaoyang Wang,Zilong Jiang,Yanwei Gao,Haibo Zhang
A series of novel poly(ether ketone) copolymers with different contents of fluorene groups were synthesized. The effects of fluorene group content on the thermal and mechanical properties of poly(ether ketone) copolymers were investigated. The introduction of a low content of fluorene groups can lead to an increase in glass transition temperature, thermal stability and heat deflection temperature. Among them, the heat deflection temperature of 10% fluorene-containing poly(ether ketone) copolymers (PEK-FD10) increases from 178 °C (pure poly(ether ketone)) to 196 °C, which means that the material has a higher heat resistance rating. Compared with poly(ether ketone)s, these copolymers have excellent mechanical properties. When the content of fluorene groups is only 2% (PEK-FD2), the strength is significantly improved. And the flexural strength of PEK-FD2 is 149.3 MPa, which is 12% higher than that of poly(ether ketone). It is worth noting that the fracture toughness and impact toughness are also increased significantly. The strain at break of PEK-FD2 is up to 88% and the impact toughness of PEK-FD2 is 54.6 J m −1 . This suggests that the introduction of minute contents of fluorene groups can simultaneously increase the strength and toughness. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 69
·期 7
·619-626
·
IF 2.574
Liping Yin,Yanli Bao,Lin Liu,Jinze Wang,Li Chen
In clinical treatment, multidrug resistance (MDR) is one of the major obstacles resulting in the failure of chemotherapy. It is still a challenge to overcome MDR. Herein, we fabricated intelligent dextran-based dual-drug delivery systems histidine modified dextran conjugated doxorubicin/zinc porphyrin/paclitaxel (DHTD/Zn-TPP/PTX) via supramolecular metallo-coordination for synergistic chemo-photodynamic therapy to overcome cancer drug resistance. In this designed DHTD/Zn-TPP/PTX, one anticancer drug (doxorubicin, DOX) was conjugated on the dextran backbone through a reactive oxygen species sensitive linker and the other drug PTX was encapsulated into the acid responsive supramolecular micelles formed by the photosensitizer Zn-TPP and histidine grafted on dextran. DHTD/Zn-TPP/PTX with excellent stability could be effectively internalized by tumour cells. In the acidic tumour environment, the loaded PTX and Zn-TPP as photosensitizer could be released; moreover, when irradiated with light the conjugated DOX could be specifically released because the linker broke. As the obtained data indicate, DHTD/Zn-TPP/PTX exhibited not only an enhanced anticancer therapeutic effect but also significant growth inhibition for drug-resistant MCF-7/ADR cells to reverse MDR, having great potential for synergistic treatments of cancer to overcome MDR. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 69
·期 5
·485-491
·
IF 2.574
Guorong Qiu,Wenshi Ma,Li Wu
Polyimide microspheres were prepared via non-aqueous emulsion polymerization by using pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) as anhydride monomer and 2,2-bis(4-(4-aminophenoxy)phenyl)propane as amine monomer. The polyimide microspheres were well characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, SEM and laser particle size analyzer. They were spherical in shape and monodisperse and their size was 31–33 μm. Polyimide mixtures formed by polyimide microspheres as fillers and polyimide composed of pyromellitic and dianhydride 4,4′-oxydianiline (ODA) as matrix were investigated with regard to thermal properties, dielectric properties and mechanical properties. With 10%–50% polyimide microspheres in the polyimide mixtures, the dielectric constants were 2.26–2.48 (1 MHz) and the loss tangents were 0.00663–0.00857 (1 MHz), which were both significantly lower than the values for ODA-PMDA polyimide. The decomposition temperature and glass transition temperature were above 440 and 290 °C. The polyimide mixtures possessed excellent thermal resistance. When the percentage of polyimide microsphere addition was 30%, the polyimide mixtures had the largest tensile strength (128.50 MPa) and elongation at break (9.01%). These results indicate that the polyimide microspheres were used as both low dielectric fillers and reinforcing fillers. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 69
·期 5
·457-466
·
IF 2.574
Haoyang Sun,Tao Li,Fan Lei,Meng Yang,Dandan Li,Xianhang Huang,Dazhi Sun
Fluorographene (FG) with layer numbers of 3–4 was successfully prepared through facile microwave-assisted liquid phase exfoliation of raw graphite fluoride (GrF). The raw GrF and the as-prepared FG were then directly incorporated into polyamide 66 (PA66) by melt processing without using any surfactants. Microstructural, mechanical and tribological properties of the prepared PA66 composites were investigated. Various characterization results showed that both GrF and FG, as novel solid lubricants, can effectively improve the mechanical and anti-wear performances of the PA66 matrix. It was also found that FG is better at improving mechanical properties and reducing the friction of PA66 than GrF at low concentrations owing to the large surface–volume ratio. The addition of 0.5 wt% FG into PA66 exhibits a ca 13% increase in tensile modulus, ca 5% increase in tensile strength, ca 18% reduction in coefficient of friction (COF) and ca 43% reduction in wear rate. However, at relatively high concentrations, such as 1.0 wt%, GrF shows a better reinforcement effect than FG owing to a uniform dispersion of GrF in the PA66 matrix. The addition of 1.0 wt% GrF into PA66 exhibits a ca 18% increase in tensile modulus, ca 5% increase in tensile strength, ca 37% reduction in COF and ca 46% reduction in wear rate. Wear tests also show that the excellent wear resistance of the PA66 composites is due to the improved mechanical properties and the lubrication of GrF and FG between the worn surfaces. Our current work demonstrates the tremendous potentials of fluorinated carbon materials for enhancing mechanical and anti-wear properties of polymeric materials. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 69
·期 7
·635-643
·
IF 2.574
Hongli Tian,Fangjuan Wu,Peng Chen,Xiangfang Peng,Hui Fang
Polycaprolactone/boron nitride (PCL/BN) composites were prepared by microwave-assisted ring-opening polymerization of ε-caprolactone (ε-CL). In order to improve the dispersibility and interfacial interaction between BN fillers and PCL matrix, hydroxyl functional BN (mBN) was first prepared to be used as a macroinitiator for ε-CL. Then BN grafted PCL (BN- g -PCL) copolymers were obtained via the in situ method, which acted as in situ compatibilizers in the PCL/BN composites. Various techniques were applied to characterize the mBN and PCL/BN composites. The Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy results confirm the structure of the BN- g -PCL copolymer. Field emission SEM graphs exhibit that, for the PCL/mBN composites, the mBN presents a homogeneous dispersion in the matrix and interfacial adhesion between the PCL and mBN is improved. These are beneficial for enhancing the thermal conductivity of the PCL/mBN composites. Notably, the PCL/mBN composite with 5 wt% mBN loading achieves the highest thermal conductivity of 0.55 W m −1 K −1 , which is 2.75 times higher than that of pure PCL, 0.20 W m −1 K −1 . This indicates that the excellent dispersion and interfacial adhesion could lead to the construction of continuous thermal conductive paths at a low BN loading and reduce the heat loss caused by phonon scattering in the interface. Furthermore, mBN could help to improve the mechanical properties of the composite. On adding 5 wt% mBN, the tensile strength and tensile modulus of the composite are 1.58 and 2.05 times higher, respectively, than those of PCL. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 69
·期 10
·985-994
·
IF 2.574
Meng Ma,Xinpeng Wang,Kai Liu,Si Chen,Yanqin Shi,Huiwen He,Xu Wang
The preparation of poly( l -lactic acid) (PLLA) with high mechanical and ideal flame-retardant properties is a great challenge. Herein, a simultaneous toughness and flame-retardant PLLA composite was successfully fabricated by using a one-step process which introduces 4,4′-methylenediphenyl diisocyanate and ammonium polyphosphate (APP) into PLLA/poly(ε-caprolactone) blends. SEM, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and TGA were adopted to confirm that APP participated in the in situ reaction during the melt process. The impact strength was increased to 13.5 kJ m −2 from 1.0 kJ m −2 for L8P2A5 composite, indicating the toughening effect of reactive blending. The cone calorimeter test, limiting oxygen index and vertical burning test results indicate that the flame-retardant properties of the composites are enhanced with increasing APP content. This work provides a method to prepare PLLA with high mechanical properties and enhanced flame retardancy. © 2020 Society of Chemical Industry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 70
·期 2
·193-201
·
IF 2.574
Xiaopeng Sun,Fanghong Yang,Zhanhai Yao
Aiming at utilizing the electron energy absorption characteristic of the benzene ring in polystyrene (PS) to enhance the electrical properties of insulation, here linear low density polyethylene grafted PS graft copolymers (LLDPE- g -PS) have been synthesized by pre-irradiation and suspension grafting technology. Then, LLDPE- g -PS was added in LLDPE to prepare LLDPE/LLDPE- g -PS blends, of which the microstructure and thermal, rheological, electrical and mechanical properties were systematically investigated. Scanning electron microscopy showed that no interfacial debonding occurred in the blends. Rheological measurements showed that the viscoelastic properties of the blends were roughly the same as those of LLDPE. In terms of electrical properties, as LLDPE- g -PS was added, the injection of space charges was markedly suppressed. Meanwhile, all blends presented higher DC breakdown strength and the maximum was 1.45 times higher than that of LLDPE. Besides, blends exhibited little change in mechanical properties compared with LLDPE when PS contents were lower than 10 wt%. This investigation proposes an efficient method to improve the electrical properties of insulating materials. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
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高影响因子
POLYMER INTERNATIONAL
·
2020
·Vol. 70
·期 1
·116-122
·
IF 2.574
Minzhen Zheng,Xiaochuan Chen,Huibin Cheng,Changlin Cao,Qingrong Qian,Dingshan Yu,Xudong Chen
Polymer dielectric composites, which possess high dielectric and loss suppression with excellent mechanical properties, are of crucial importance in practical applications. Herein, high-density polyethylene/nitrile rubber/multiwalled carbon nanotube (HDPE/NBR/MWCNT) composites were fabricated by the dynamic vulcanization (DV) technique. The effect of DV on the structure and properties of HDPE/NBR/MWCNTs was systematically investigated. The results illustrate that the DV technique combines the advantages of the crosslinked phase and melt processability of thermoplastics. With the increase of dicumyl peroxide content, the dielectric permittivity and the mechanical properties clearly increase, due to a better compatibility and dispersibility achieved by DV. More importantly, a continuous decrease of dielectric loss and conductivity are observed with the increase of dicumyl peroxide content. These can probably be assigned to the combination of better dispersion and slower chain mobility of the NBR phase induced by crosslinking. © 2020 Society of Industrial Chemistry
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高影响因子
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