MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 6
·417
·
IF 5.4
Xue Huiling,Cheng Guorong,Zhang Bing,Zhan Ying,Zhao Zhihuan,Lin Jianying,Cheng Yan
Carbohydrate antigen 19 − 9 (CA19-9) is a critical biomarker in clinical oncology, as its serum concentration is closely associated with tumor detection and therapeutic monitoring. In this study, a novel colorimetric immunoassay was developed for the sensitive detection of CA19-9, utilizing g-C₃N₄/Ag₂S nanocomposites as a photoactive signal probe. The nanocomposites, synthesized via a hydrothermal method, demonstrated strong absorption in the visible region and high photocatalytic activity. In the immunoassay, antibody-functionalized magnetic beads were used to capture the target antigen, followed by labeling with detection probes based on the g-C₃N₄/Ag₂S nanocomposites. Under visible light irradiation, the nanocomposites catalyzed the oxidation of 3,3’,5,5’-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB), producing a distinct color change that was quantitatively analyzed via UV–vis spectroscopy. The method exhibited a wide linear detection range from 4.0 to 400 U/mL, with a detection limit of 1.86 U/mL, and demonstrated excellent specificity, stability, and reproducibility. Successful application to human serum samples further validated the reliability and practical utility of the assay, highlighting its promising potential for clinical cancer diagnosis and screening. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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Science China-Materials
·
2026
·
IF 7.7
Miao Senlin,Meng Zhipeng,Liu Chenchen,Ma Yujie,Li Yalin,Huang Haofei
Mechanochromic photonic crystals are promising for smart optical materials due to their tunable photonic stop band. Here, we report interface-engineered transparent and mechanochromic non-close-packed photonic crystals (NPCs) by incorporating polystyrene@vinyl-modified SiO 2 (PS@V-SiO 2 ) nanospheres ( n PS = 1.59, \(n_{\mathrm{V}-\text{SiO}_{2}}=1.46\) ) into a photocurable phenoxypolyethylene glycol acrylate (PEGPEA) matrix ( n PEGPEA = 1.52). The nanospheres formed solvation-mediated liquid NPCs in the precursor. Ultraviolet (UV) curing promoted copolymerization between surface C=C bonds of nanospheres and the matrix, which reduced interfacial scattering and enabled highly transparent NPC films. Meanwhile, non-uniform polymer shrinkage led to variations in the ordering of nanospheres, especially in structures with a low volume fraction ( φ ⩽ 0.23). Under external strain ( ε : 0–64%), the film exhibited a dynamic color response. Initially, stretching enhanced the ordering of the nanospheres and the reflection intensity of NPCs, thereby activating the structural color. Further deformation, however, introduced defects and reduced the reflectivity. A blue shift of ∼213 nm was achieved in an NPC ( φ = 0.23) fabricated by 170 nm of PS@V-SiO 2 nanospheres, accompanied by a color gradient from red to blue. Comparisons across SiO 2 -poly(ethylene glycol) diacrylate (PEGDA, n PEGDA = 1.45), SiO 2 -PEGPEA, and PS@V-SiO 2 -PEGDA NPC systems highlighted the key role of interfacial scattering, which is affected by the synergistic effects of interfacial covalent polymerization, refractive index matching between the elastomer matrix and nanospheres, and the crosslinking density. This work demonstrates spectrally tunable mechanochromism via size control and patterned anti-counterfeiting labels, thereby providing insights for designing advanced anti-counterfeiting materials applicable in flexible electronics and displays.
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Nature Catalysis
·
2026
·
IF 48.3
Gao Pengyu,Li Xuyao,Zhang De,Li Junjian,Zhong Li,Liu Min,Franke Carlo,Gao Zongyan,Zhou Lina,Wei Guangfeng,Li Tong,Liu Hao,Cheng Yongxin,Zhang Lihan,Yan Pengfei,Shi Zhan,Liu Tao
Incorporating light non-metallic elements into compositionally complex alloy (CCA) electrocatalysts can potentially overcome the activity–stability trade-off challenge. However, practical realization of this potential is limited by the lack of a generic method to incorporate multiple types of non-metal into single-phase CCAs. Here we present a facile solvothermal strategy enabling the incorporation of fluorine, boron and nitrogen into the interstitial sites of Pt-based CCAs. Mechanistic investigations unravel three decisive factors for the synthesis: prior formation of Pt clusters catalysing 3d-transition-metal reduction, coordination and activation of non-metal precursors by 3d-transition-metal ions, and rational selection of non-metal-containing functional groups. This methodology yields a library of non-metal-hybridized interstitial CCAs with tuneable compositions. Notably, selected Pt-based CCAs demonstrate exceptional performance as oxygen reduction electrocatalysts for fuel cells, with outstanding activity and durability surpassing state-of-the-art benchmarks. These non-metal-hybridized interstitial CCAs offer a promising platform for tackling demanding electrocatalytic processes involving complex tandem reaction steps. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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Nano-Micro Letters
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 1
·375
·
IF 38.5
Liu Quanxi,Wang Yousheng,Ma Qiaoyan,Zheng Jianzha,Peng Yinghui,Wang Liwei,Chen Zeyu,Du Tianhao,Xiao Daxin,Fan Jiandong,Hahn Yoon-Bong,Mai Yaohua
Perovskite indoor photovoltaics (PIPVs) present great potential for powering Internet-of-Things (IoT)-integrated portable and low-power-consumption wireless electronics, owing to their theoretically high indoor power conversion efficiency (PCE(i)) under natural/artificial lighting conditions. Under low-light irradiance, suppressing shunting paths in PIPVs are of paramount importance to minimize interface defects induced losses in open-circuit voltage ( V oc ) and fill factor (FF). In this work, we propose a dual insulator contact (DIC) strategy that synergistically mitigates nonradiative recombination and shunting losses: (i) a grain boundary insulator contact (GIC) using insulating polymer poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) to passivate grain boundary defects and (ii) a buried interface insulator contact (BIC) employing a hybrid PMMA/mesoporous alumina ultrathin composite interlayer to reduce heterointerface defects at the perovskite/hole transport layer junction. Leveraging this DIC approach, wide-band gap (WBG)-PIPVs achieve a PCE(i) of 44.36% (a power output of 127.94 µW cm −2 ) with a high V oc of 1.091 V and FF of 83.97% under a light-emitting diode (LED) (1000 lx, 288.4 µW cm −2 , and 2950 K). Remarkably, the devices under LED illumination remain high indoor performance with small V oc and FF deficits even under lower irradiance, delivering PCEs(i) of 43.08% ( V oc of 1.064 V and FF of 84.52%) at 600 lx, 40.24% ( V oc of 1.050 V and FF of 82.97%) at 400 lx, and 40.94% ( V oc of 1.020 V and FF of 82.83%) at 200 lx. The unencapsulated WBG-PIPVs also exhibit robust operational stability under continuous maximum power point tracking in under ambient LED lighting conditions, underscoring their practicality for IoT applications. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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CHEMICAL PAPERS
·
2026
·
IF 2.7
Hu Zhijun,Zhang Juntao,Wei Benmei,Li Sheng,Long Yangke
Porous carbon derived from waste biomass exhibits significant potential for removing environmental contaminants due to its adsorptive properties. However, a structural trade-off exists between achieving the high porosity necessary for optimal adsorption capacity and the high energy consumption with equipment corrosion resulting from the pore-forming process. In this study, a novel strategy based on a free-radical-assisted hydrothermal process was presented for synthesizing porous biochar. Peroxymonosulfate (PMS) serves as the free radical source, enabling controlled oxidation of corn stalk pith during a straightforward hydrothermal pretreatment at 120 °C, followed by carbonization at 700 °C to form internal pores. This innovative approach enhanced the sulfamethoxazole (SMX) adsorption capacity by approximately threefold, from 43.37 mg/g to 130.22 mg/g. Although the PMS-pretreated porous biochar surface displayed superhydrophilic properties due to carboxyl group modification, results analyses indicate that SMX adsorption is primarily driven by π–π conjugation, hydrophobic interactions, and hydrogen bonding, relying on specific surface area rather than electrostatic interactions. This study presents a beneficial attempt at a free-radical-based pretreatment for the straightforward and robust synthesis of porous biochar. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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npj Science of Food
·
2026
·
IF 9.7
Zhang Yuyu,Wang Da,Wang Chuhan,Li Yiju,Pang Jingxi,Liu Xuebo,Liu Zhigang,Yuan Tian
Diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major diabetes complication lacking effective dietary therapies. While amino-acid-targeted diets modulate metabolic health, their impact on renal outcomes via gut microbiota-derived metabolites remains unclear. Here, we investigated whether a 13-week methionine-restricted (MR) diet improves renal outcomes in db/db mice and alters gut-derived short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and their receptors. MR improved renal function and histopathology, restored colonic barrier markers (Claudin-1, ZO-1, MUC2), and reduced circulating endotoxin (LPS). 16S rRNA profiling revealed MR-induced gut microbiota remodeling, enriching SCFA-producing taxa like Clostridium spp. This coincided with increased fecal propionate and restored colonic propionate receptor GPR41 expression. Furthermore, fecal propionate and its associated taxa correlated positively with barrier integrity and negatively with systemic LPS, renal TLR4/JNK activation, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Collectively, MR confers renoprotection in db/db mice by modulating the gut–kidney axis via microbiota remodeling and enhanced propionate-GPR41 signaling, highlighting MR as a promising nutritional strategy for DKD management. The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2026
·Vol. 193
·期 6
·401
·
IF 5.4
Zhang Xiaohui,Yang Shuai,Pan Lifei,Zhong Jiapeng,Chen Pengsheng,Zhai Haiyun
A dual-emission, ratiometric fluorescence sensor is reported based on a europium(III)-doped metal-organic framework (Eu/DUT-52) that exhibits blue emission from DUT-52 and red emission from Eu³⁺. Notably, we fond that aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) enhances the fluorescence intensity of DUT-52, whereas the Eu³⁺ emission remains essentially unchanged, enabling ratiometric detection with a concentration-dependent color change from pink to purple. We further investigated the origin of this fluorescence enhancement. The ratiometric response provides a detection limit of 3.9 ng mL⁻¹. For field deployment, Eu/DUT-52 was embedded in a hydrogel to form a simple assay kit, and AFB1 was quantified by smartphone-based RGB analysis of fluorescence images, enabling instrument-free readout with a detection limit of 0.04 µg mL⁻¹. The hydrogel sensor shows good selectivity against other mycotoxins and common metal ions with recoveries of 80.59–111.7% in real samples. This work provides a low-cost, recognition-element-free platform for rapid, on-site screening of AFB1. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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JOURNAL OF NANOBIOTECHNOLOGY
·
2026
·Vol. 24
·期 1
·382
·
IF 15
Jiang Zhou,Li Yuning
Lung cancer (LC) remains a leading cause of cancer-related mortality worldwide, and the limited efficacy of immunotherapy due to treatment resistance underscores the urgent need for new therapeutic strategies. In the present study, CD93-targeted poly(lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) nanoparticles encapsulating resveratrol (CD93-NPs@RSV) were developed to remodel the metabolic fitness of CD8 + tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes. The nanoparticles were precisely engineered and characterized using dynamic light scattering, transmission electron microscopy, and in vivo imaging, which confirmed their stability and tumor-targeting capability. Mechanistic studies revealed that CD93-NPs@RSV suppressed CD93 expression, facilitated apoptosis-inducing factor (AIF) mitochondrial translocation, and activated oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS), thereby enhancing T cell function in the tumor microenvironment. Transcriptomic and proteomic analyses further confirmed regulation of the CD93-AKT-PAK5-AIF signaling axis. In a Lewis LC model, CD93-NPs@RSV significantly inhibited tumor progression and displayed strong synergy with anti-PD-1 therapy, resulting in improved survival outcomes. Collectively, our study demonstrates that CD93-NPs@RSV provide a powerful nanotechnology-driven approach to reverse immunotherapy resistance by reprogramming T cell metabolism. These findings establish a promising paradigm for precision cancer immunotherapy and underscore the translational potential of targeted nanomedicine in overcoming therapeutic bottlenecks in LC. Graphical abstract The alternative text for this image may have been generated using AI.
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POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2026
·Vol. 83
·期 11
·610
·
IF 4.2
Zhong Tian,Liu Wenlong,Dong Hangshuo,Tang Shaoguo,Ren Hongyu,Zhang Xingwen
Polyimide (PI) is widely used in the fields of integrated circuits and microelectronics due to its strong structure designability and excellent dielectric properties. However, the dielectric constant and loss of traditional PI are relatively high, which cannot meet the requirements of 5G development. In this work, a fluorine-containing photosensitive PI (PSPI) with excellent solubility was prepared by a two-step method. The reactive diluents and a photoinitiator were added to prepare a PSPI resin. After UV curing, the contact angle of the PSPI film was 67.4°, and the relative dielectric constant measured at 1000 kHz was 2.51. By adding 7-phenyl-epoxy polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane (B-POSS) as a modifier, at a B-POSS loading of 5%, the resultant POSS/PSPI composite film achieved the maximum contact angle of 94.5°, representing a 40.2% increase compared with pure PSPI. When the B-POSS content was elevated to 7%, the composite delivered the minimum relative dielectric constant of 2.04 at 1000 kHz, which was reduced by 18.7% relative to the pristine PSPI. The addition of B-POSS improved the hydrophobicity and dielectric properties of the PSPI film. This research provides a feasible approach for obtaining low dielectric PI films with excellent comprehensive performance in the field of electronic devices.
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Science China-Technological Sciences
·
2026
·Vol. 69
·期 9
·1920205
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IF 5.1
Yao Jikai,Chen Zimiao,Ren Xiaofeng,Dai Ziyi,Chen Bo,Liu Zhiqiang,Zhang Shan,Zhan Li,Zhang Qingmeng,Li Yan,Qian Kai
Flexible electric heaters require materials with precise temperature control and rapid thermal response capabilities. In this work, we systematically investigate the influence of material dimensionality and nanoparticle deposition density on electrothermal conversion in silver nanomaterials. We found that variations in the contact modes among zero-dimensional (0D) silver nanoparticles significantly affect their electrothermal performance. Specifically, a lower deposition density results in relatively slender sintering necks, which enhance electron-phonon interactions and localized Joule heating effects, thus improving the electrothermal conversion efficiency. In contrast, a higher deposition density leads to more robust and thicker sintering necks, which reduces efficiency. Extending the study to one-dimensional (1D) silver nanowires, quasi-two-dimensional (quasi-2D) silver flakes, and three-dimensional (3D) silver films, comparative analyses reveal a clear dimension-dependent hierarchy, with the order of electrothermal conversion efficiency being 0D > 1D > quasi-2D > 3D. As a demonstration, the fabricated Ag NPs/PI heater ( R s ∼3 Ω/sq, 2 cm × 2 cm) exhibits superior performance, with a rapid thermal response (∼250°C within 10 s), stable low-voltage operation (< 5 V), and high-temperature stability (∼250°C). This dimensional comparison reveals fundamental correlations between nanomaterial structure and electrothermal performance, establishing design principles for next-generation flexible heating systems.
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产品关联
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3 Biotech
·
2026
·Vol. 16
·期 10
·411
·
IF 3.1
Rahman Mujeeb ur,Shah Junaid Ali,Haroon,Gul Hansa,Nasreen Zahida,Shoaib Muhammad
This study reports the development of a recombinant Bacillus ligniniphilus L1 laccase–rice straw biochar composite and its application in deltamethrin bioremediation. The L1-laccase was heterologously expressed in E. coli BL21 (DE3), purified to a specific activity of 186 U/mg, and covalently immobilized on NaOH- and glutaraldehyde-modified rice straw biochar. Molecular docking against the AlphaFold2-predicted structure (UniProt E9PZ36) yielded a binding affinity of − 6.9 kcal/mol, with one hydrogen bond to MET216 (2.77 Å) and hydrophobic contacts with MET197, MET202, and MET210. However, 100 ns molecular dynamics simulations confirmed a conformationally stable complex (RMSD ~0.42 nm, radius of gyration ~2.21 nm, SASA ~215 nm 2 ). Immobilization shifted the activity optima from pH 7.5 and 45 °C (free) to pH 8.0 and 50 °C (immobilized) and markedly improved stability: the immobilized enzyme retained 74% of its initial activity after 6 days at 4 °C and 18% after 8 catalytic cycles. The apparent Kₘ increased from 0.38 mM (free) to 0.54 mM (immobilized), with kcat values of 178 s⁻ 1 and 130.7 s⁻ 1 , respectively. Under an aggressive deltamethrin load (1000 mg/L), the immobilized laccase achieved 92.3% degradation within 18 h at 50 °C, compared with 68.7% for the free enzyme, producing two major phenolic metabolites (tR = 1.854 and 2.436 min) and one minor unidentified product. These results establish a cost-effective, reusable, and scalable biocatalyst for the bioremediation of pyrethroid-contaminated environments.
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POLYMER BULLETIN
·
2026
·Vol. 83
·期 11
·626
·
IF 4.2
Liu Xiaoqi,Zhang Renyun,Chen Ting,Xiang Luodan,Wang Jing,Lv Guozhi,Liu Yan,Zhang Ting’an
Chitosan modified with polyethylene glycol-200 and crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (MCS) was synthesized for the recovery of Sc(III) ions from aqueous solutions. The prepared adsorbents were characterized by FT-IR, TGA, BET, XRD, XRF, and SEM. The effects of solution pH, adsorbent dosage, contact time, initial concentration, and temperature on the adsorption performance were systematically investigated. The characterization results confirmed the successful fabrication of MCS, and the PEG-200-assisted pore-forming strategy improved the accessible pore structure and Sc(III) adsorption performance of MCS relative to glutaraldehyde-crosslinked chitosan (GCS). A working pH of 5, an adsorbent dosage of 50 mg, a contact time of 100 min, and a temperature of 30 °C were selected for the subsequent adsorption experiments. The adsorption kinetics, isotherms, and thermodynamics of Sc(III) onto MCS were further investigated. The adsorption data were best described by the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, and the Langmuir model predicted a maximum monolayer adsorption capacity of 55.28 mg·g −1 at 30 °C. The adsorption of Sc(III) was mainly associated with coordination interactions, electrostatic attraction, and hydrogen bonding involving the N/O-containing functional groups of MCS. The synergistic combination of PEG-200-assisted pore formation and GA crosslinking helped balance acid stability and pore accessibility, indicating that MCS has potential as an adsorbent for Sc(III) recovery from acidic aqueous media.
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