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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS · 2025 · IF 6.3

Synthesis and electromagnetic wave absorption of CoNi@SiO2@ZnO core–bi-shell microspheres

Yunxiang Yuan,Hongchao Zhang,Xinyue Zhang,Erjie Yuan,Jingbing Wang,Sainan Wei

Cobalt-Nickel (CoNi) alloy particles are promising electromagnetic wave absorbers due to their strong magnetic loss and tunable morphology. To further enhance the performance, a multilayer core-shell-shell strategy was employed to construct a CoNi@SiO₂@ZnO composite. This design integrates magnetic and dielectric components to optimize impedance matching and introduce multiple interfacial polarizations. The synthesis involved a multi-step process: first, flower-like CoNi cores were synthesized via a polyol-mediated solvothermal process, whose branched architecture provides a large surface area and multiple reflection sites for enhanced microwave dissipation; then, the cores were amino-functionalized with APTES to facilitate the uniform deposition of a SiO₂ layer via a TEOS-based sol-gel process; finally, a seed-mediated method was employed. The resulting CoNi@SiO₂ particles were used as seeds, which were redispersed in an ethanol solution containing zinc ions and sodium hydroxide (NaOH) and subjected to a secondary solvothermal reaction. This successfully induced the epitaxial growth of a ZnO shell, ultimately yielding the final CoNi@SiO₂@ZnO composite material. The interlayer SiO₂ shell acts as a dielectric spacer, protects the magnetic core, and creates a distinct interface with the outer ZnO shell, collectively boosting interfacial polarization loss. The synergistic effect between the magnetic CoNi core and the dielectric double shells results in superior absorption performance. With a thickness of only 2.0 mm, the composite achieves a minimum reflection loss of −31.95 dB at 14.05 GHz and an effective absorption bandwidth (RL < −10 dB) of 6.59 GHz (11.41–18.00 GHz). This work demonstrates a rational route toward lightweight, high-efficiency, broadband absorbers under low-thickness conditions.

CAS / MDL: 5970-45-6 78-10-4
研究领域: 材料科学 · 电磁功能材料 · 纳米复合材料 · 微波吸收
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering · 2025 · IF 7.2

Synergistic Mechanism and Regeneration Strategy of Bi-BiOBr@CNF for Photocatalytic CO2 Reduction

Ziyan Liu,Junrong Chen,Yuanlan Wang,Wenqing Zhang,Wenlei Wang,Jing Wang

The photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to CO is often constrained by suboptimal visible-light harvesting, interfacial recombination losses, and durability under repeated cycling. Here we design a Bi–BiOBr@CNF architecture that integrates metallic Bi (for plasmon-assisted excitation and interfacial electron transfer), oxygen/bromine vacancies (for CO 2 adsorption/activation), and a conductive CNF network (for dispersion and transport). Photoelectrochemical characterizations elucidate the synergistic mechanism. Under visible light, the catalyst delivers CO as the single detectable product with high selectivity; cycling tests reveal performance decay that is mechanistically linked to defect evolution, and a moderate-temperature regeneration restores activity. The results elucidate the respective roles of Bi 0 , O V , Br V , and the CNF scaffold within an integrated mechanistic framework, and indicate a viable strategy for durable photocatalytic reduction of CO 2 to CO.

CAS / MDL: 57-09-0 7758-02-3
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY · 2025 · IF 6.2

Synergistic modulation of magnetic and dielectric properties in high-Bi-content garnet ferrites

Yang Xiao,Jie Li,Yan Yang,Yida Lei,Yanlin Ma,Yingli Liu

Garnet-type ferrites Bi 1.2 Ca 3 x Y 1.8–3 x Zr x V x Fe 5–2 x O 12 ( x  = 0.1–0.6) were synthesized via solid-state reaction, with Bi–Ca ions predominantly occupying dodecahedral c-sites. The phase stability and microstructure were significantly improved through Ca-Zr-V multi-ion doping, which served as the foundation for excellent magnetic and dielectric properties. The dielectric constant (ε r > 22) was increased by the strong spin-orbit coupling and high polarizability of Bi 3 + . The Bi 3+ -induced magnetocrystalline anisotropy was suppressed by Zr 4+ and V 5+ , which lowered the ferromagnetic resonance (FMR) linewidth (ΔH) to 73.06 Oe. Grain refinement shortened the spin-wave propagation path, leading to a maximum spin-wave linewidth (ΔH k ) of 13.10 Oe. At x  = 0.50, optimal properties were achieved (ε r = 22.43, tanδ ε = 1.26 ×10 - 3 , ΔH = 73.06 Oe, ΔH k = 10.30 Oe, M s = 15.60 emu/g), and the synergistic optimization of high dielectric constant, low loss, and broad spin-wave linewidth was realized for the first time in ferrites for miniaturized circulators.

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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA · 2020 · IF 6.215

Oxygen vacancies enriched Bi based catalysts for enhancing electrocatalytic CO2 reduction to formate

Xiu-Hui Zhao,Qing-Song Chen,De-Huang Zhuo,Jian Lu,Zhong-Ning Xu,Chong-Min Wang,Jing-Xiao Tang,Shi-Gang Sun,Guo-Cong Guo

Electrochemical reduction of CO 2 is still far away from the practical application because of the stability of CO 2 and the diversity of reduction products. It is thus of great importance to further explore catalysts with high efficiency for CO 2 reduction to targeting products. Herein, for the first time, a hybrid of BiO x decorated with carbon thin layer is developed as high active electrocatalyst for CO 2 conversion, which is synthesized by pyrolysis using Bi MOF as precursor and sacrificial template. It is found that the as-prepared BiO x catalyst is enriched with oxygen vacancies stabilized by the decorated carbon thin layer. The oxygen vacancies enriched BiO x catalyst exhibits superior performance for CO 2 reduction to formate, achieving a maximum Faradaic efficiency of 89.3% and a maximum current density of 37.8 mA cm −2 . The thin carbon layer and oxygen vacancies improve the charge transfer of the catalyst and hence in favor of the high formate current density. The defects of oxygen vacancies play a vital role in CO 2 adsorption and activation and thereby further enhancing the electrocatalytic ability for formate production.

研究领域: 催化 · 电化学 · 材料科学 · 环境科学
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INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS · 2025 · IF 5.4

Bi-doped indium nanoparticles on carbon rod for efficient CO2 electroreduction to formate

Zhengrong Xu,Yu Li,Quanxin Guo,Shuai Shao,Zhongxun Wei,Rui Liu

Electrochemical CO 2 reduction reaction (CO 2 RR) offers a promising route for converting greenhouse gases into valuable chemicals. Herein, we report the synthesis of Bi-doped indium (In Bi) nanoparticles supported on a carbon rod (In-Bi x @C). Bi incorporation tuned the electronic structure of In and enhanced the CO 2 RR activity. The optimized In-Bi 100 @C catalyst achieved a 92.7 % formate Faradaic efficiency at −1.2 V vs. RHE with a good stability This study provides insights into metal doping strategies for advancing CO 2 RR performance.

研究领域: 电化学 · 纳米材料 · 环境化学 · 能量转换
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ADVANCED MATERIALS · 2021 ·Vol. 33 ·期 49 ·2102562 · IF 30.849

A Regioselectively Oxidized 2D Bi/BiOx Lateral Nano-Heterostructure for Hypoxic Photodynamic Therapy

Meng Qiu,Dou Wang,Hao Huang,Teng Yin,Wenli Bao,Bin Zhang,Zhongjian Xie,Ni Xie,Zongze Wu,Chenchen Ge,Qi Wang,Meng Gu,Hilliard L. Kutscher,Liping Liu,Shiyun Bao,Paras N. Prasad,Han Zhang

Optoelectronic science and 2D nanomaterial technologies are currently at the forefront of multidisciplinary research and have numerous applications in electronics and photonics. The unique energy and optically induced interfacial electron transfer in these nanomaterials, enabled by their relative band alignment characteristics, can provide important therapeutic modalities for healthcare. Given that nano-heterostructures can facilitate photoinduced electron–hole separation and enhance generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), 2D nano-heterostructure-based photosensitizers can provide a major advancement in photodynamic therapy (PDT), to overcome the current limitations in hypoxic tumor microenvironments. Herein, a bismuthene/bismuth oxide (Bi/BiOx)-based lateral nano-heterostructure synthesized using a regioselective oxidation process is introduced, which, upon irradiation at 660 nm, effectively generates 1 O 2 under normoxia but produces cytotoxic •OH and H 2 under hypoxia, which synergistically enhances PDT. Furthermore, this Bi/BiOx nano-heterostructure is biocompatible and biodegradable, and, with the surface molecular engineering used here, it improves tumor tissue penetration and increases cellular uptake during in vitro and in vivo experiments, yielding excellent oxygen-independent tumor ablation with 660 nm irradiation, when compared with traditional PDT agents.

研究领域: 纳米材料科学 · 医学治疗 · 生物医学工程
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JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE · 2026 · IF 9.7

Water-stable Bi-based perovskite for efficient photocatalytic hydrogen evolution in aqueous media

Chun Sun,Jiazhi Cui,Zhengtao Qiu,Jiabao Bai,Chao Fan,Dan Huang,Guohua Jia

Perovskites have attracted considerable interest as potential photocatalysts for sustainable hydrogen generation. Nonetheless, their intrinsic instability in aqueous media significantly constrains their practical deployment in photocatalytic hydrogen evolution. To address this challenge, we propose a versatile strategy for stabilizing Cs 3 Bi 2 Br 9 (CBB) perovskite photocatalysts through combining zwitterionic ligand encapsulation with Sn 4+ doping. The zwitterionic ligand, synthesized by reacting 4-bromobutyric acid (BBA) with oleylamine (OLA), was employed to passivate the perovskite surface by anchoring to both Bi 3+ and Br − sites, effectively mitigating surface defects. Notably, Sn 4+ doping is essential for aqueous stability, as the incorporation of Sn 4+ not only enhances the intrinsic stability of CBB but also reinforces the binding affinity of surface ligands. As a result, the Sn 4+ -doped CBB (CBBS x ) with ligand encapsulation demonstrates remarkable stability, retaining its structural integrity in water for over six months and withstanding more than three cycles of photocatalytic testing. Importantly, this strategy demonstrates considerable generality, as it can be readily extended to the synthesis of other halide perovskites. Specifically, the MoS x -loaded Sn 4+ :Cs 3 Bi 2 Br x I 9-x (MoS x /CBBIS 0.2 ) composite achieves a remarkable hydrogen evolution rate of 18.2 mmol h −1  g −1 , which represents the highest performance reported to date among Bi-based perovskite photocatalysts.

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MATERIALS AND MANUFACTURING PROCESSES · 2021 · IF 4.616

Study of impurities in newly manufacturing 1215MS+Bi steels by altering cooling processes

Jian-bo Xie,Liang-mei Zhong,Qi-jie Zhai,Jian-xun Fu

To accurately study the distribution characteristics of impurities and microstructures in the 2800 ppm Bi content 1215 MS steel, the horizontal solidification experiments were carried out by altering horizontal cooling processes. Results show that under moving rates (υ) = 0.3 mm/s and 0.5 mm/s the equivalent diameters of the impurities in steels at the interface between the chilled grain zone and columnar grain zone were higher at 1.6 ~ 1.8 μm, 2 ~ 3 times larger than those in the chilled boundary. Most small-sized inclusions were gathered in circular or linear distribution with the sizes of <1.0 μm. The morphologies of MnS/Bi-MnS inclusions were in rod-like, long strip, spindle, ellipsoidal, and spherical shape. The high υ value was beneficial for increasing the equivalent diameters of the impurities in the chilled grain zone and resulted in the reduction in the inclusions sizes in the columnar grain zone but it seldomly affected their sizes in the equiaxed grain zone. The morphologies of the equiaxed grains were in directional stacking, cross, anisotropy and coniferous pine types.

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IRONMAKING & STEELMAKING · 2021 · IF 1.679

Forms of Bi-sulphide in 1215MS steel related to machining and mechanical performance

Jian-bo Xie,Jie Li,Zhi-wei Li,Liang-ping Wu,Pan-pan Zhang,Jian-xun Fu

This work continued to discuss the forms of Bi particles accompanying sulphide, and analysed the effect of Bi on tensile and machining properties in 1215MS free-cutting steel. The machining and tensile tests were carried out based on the as-cast steels. The effect of Bi on the size and hardness of sulphide was investigated. Results show that at 200 ppm Bi or more, the normalised frequency of the large-sized sulphide inclusions with area of above 50 μm2 was maximum, 0.35. In Bi-containing steels, the forms of sulphide inclusions were summarized that: clustering, rodlike, long strip, spindle, ellipsoidal, and spherical shape. Most Bi particles adhering to sulphide inclusions mainly existed in steels. The average hardness of steel matrix and the inclusions in 240 ppm Bi steel were 103 and 116 kgf mm−1, respectively. Bi added to steel increased the ductility and improved the surface finish of the machining steels.

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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY · 2023 ·Vol. 48 ·期 83 ·32459-32468 · IF 7.2

Solid-state hydrogen generation from NaBH4 using mannitol as a bi-functional additive

Chengguo Yan,Qinan Wu,Jiaguang Zheng,Dan Li,Jiahuan He,Yugang Shu,Meijia Liu,Liuting Zhang

NaBH 4 has been considered as one of the ideal hydrogen carriers with comparatively high hydrogen capacities towards traditional hydrogen storage materials . However, the hydrogen generation from NaBH 4 needs excess water and costly catalysts to achieve a complete and fast hydrogen release. Herein, we report an innovative strategy to use solid-state multi-hydroxyl mannitol as a reactant towards NaBH 4 , which brings fast and controllable hydrogen release below 80 °C. More than 4.1 wt% H 2 (83% of the theoretical capacity) could be released totally from the NaBH 4 -mannitol composite with high purity. Structural and morphological studies further reveal that mannitol acts as a bi-functional additive to react with NaBH 4 during hydrogen release and protect NaBH 4 from moisture during storage. This work shows potential in developing all-solid-state hydrogen production systems with high-capacity borohydrides .

研究领域: 材料科学 · 氢能 · 化学工程
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Materials · 2026 ·Vol. 19 ·期 17 ·3771 · IF 3.7

Synergistic Optimization of Reference Electrode and Solid Electrolyte for Bi/Bi2O3 Oxygen Sensors

Guodong Liu,Shenghui Lu,Bo Qin,Zhangshun Ruan,Yuhui Wang,Lu Li,Xiaogang Fu,Naiqin Zhao

The Bi/Bi2O3-type oxygen sensor is extensively employed for oxygen monitoring in liquid lead-bismuth eutectic (LBE)-cooled reactors, yet its low-temperature measurement accuracy remains a critical bottleneck limiting engineering deployment. This study aims to extend the lower operating temperature limit of the sensor through synergistic optimization of the reference electrode and solid electrolyte. The effects of the Bi/Bi2O3mass ratio, filling amount, and yttria-partially stabilized zirconia (YPSZ) electrolyte wall thickness on sensor performance were systematically investigated over 300–600 °C. Electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and finite element simulations (COMSOL Multiphysics®6.3, COMSOL Inc., Stockholm, Sweden) were used to elucidate the underlying mechanisms. The results show that the optimized sensor with a Bi/Bi2O3mass ratio of 95:5, a filling amount of 10 g, and a YPSZ wall thickness of 1.5 mm extended the stable operating limit from 350 °C to 300 °C, achieving a relative electromotive force error of 3.13% at 300 °C and maintaining over 4000 h of drift-free service. The improved low-temperature accuracy is attributed to the reduced oxygen ion migration activation energy (0.48 eV) and lower bulk impedance of the thick-walled YPSZ after high-temperature activation. These findings provide a material optimization strategy and theoretical basis for wide-temperature-range, long-lifetime oxygen sensing in lead-based reactors.

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APPLIED SURFACE SCIENCE · 2025 · IF 6.9

Polyacrylonitrile-loaded bismuth (Bi) porous carbon materials for efficient adsorption of iodine vapour

Chao Zhang,Tianhao Sun,Shuangping Xu,Juncheng Ma,Mingyu Zhang,Yanqing Qu,Hongge Jia,Jingyu Xu,Xing Wang

Bismuth-based materials are regarded as green materials for dealing with radioactive iodine. However, the sole use of Bi has problems such as agglomeration. Dispersing Bi in the matrix material to overcome the disadvantage of Bi’s easy agglomeration to prepare Bi-based composites with low cost and high adsorption capacity is an urgent need for iodine gas capture. Here, five kinds of Bi-containing polyacrylonitrile (PAN) porous carbon materials (Bi/PAN-P) were prepared by thoroughly mixing Bi as adsorbent with contents of 10 wt%, 20 wt%, 30 wt%, 40 wt% and 50 wt%, PAN as the matrix and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) as the solvent, and then carbonizing. The results show that the Bi loaded on Bi/PAN-P is uniformly distributed and the material is mainly mesoporous. It has a rapid adsorption rate for gaseous iodine, reaching more than 50 % of the maximum adsorption capacity within the first 90 min, and its speed far exceeds the adsorption rate of pure PAN carbon materials. Especially when the Bi content is 30 wt%, the iodine adsorption capacity reaches 4057 mg/g, which is about 20 times that of commercial silver exchange zeolite. Based on experimental and model simulation results, the adsorption of iodine by Bi/PAN-P mainly through chemical adsorption.

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