ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Wei Zhang,Jianwei Li,Ruihua Huang,Xueqi Zhang,Yuting Wang,Dongmei Zhou,Qiming Xian
An in-depth understanding of the sorption behaviors of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) in soil is essential to assess their environmental risks accurately. Due to chemical industry production and waste treatment, co-contamination soil of heavy metals (HMs)-PFASs has become a public concern worldwide. This study investigated soil sorption behaviors of PFASs including perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS). A multiple linear regression (MLR) model was developed to predict the sorption of PFOS in soil. Validation results demonstrated that this model could effectively predict the distribution coefficients ( K d ) of PFOS based on soil organic carbon (OC), silt, clay, and free Fe/Al-oxide contents, exhibiting a strong predictive ability ( r 2 = 0.942, p < 0.001). In six soils, HMs (Cd 2+ and As 5+ ) influence three anionic PFASs sorption primarily by altering the electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions between soil components and PFASs. The K d values of PFOS tend to rise with increasing Cd 2+ concentration but decline with increasing As 5+ concentration. In contrast, HMs have a relatively minor influence on the sorption of PFOA and PFHxS. Moreover, a nonlinear model was constructed for the first time to quantify the impact of HMs on PFASs sorption. The model achieves exceptional prediction accuracy when applied to both experimental data from this study and literature data. A comprehensive understanding of PFASs sorption behavior in soil under conditions of coexisting HMs is of great significance for formulating targeted degradation and mitigation strategies for co-contaminated sites.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 12.2
Jing Qian,Manman Lu,Shixia Cui,Taoyu Han,Stavros Avramidis,Shengquan Liu,Jiejie Sun
This study investigated the application risk and value of Cd-enriched poplar wood, focusing on its wood properties, leaching characteristics, and brown rot resistance. The results indicated that Cd deposition in cell walls significantly inhibited brown rot fungi, thereby enhancing decay resistance. Furthermore, the extent of improvement in brown rot resistance was linked to wood density: the higher the density of Cd-enriched poplar wood, the stronger its resistance to brown rot. As the Cd concentration increased, the Cd distribution abundance and the wood crystallinity gradually increased. Structural changes were observed, including fluctuating microfibril angle and double wall thickness of fibers and vessels. Cd concentrations exceeding 50 mg/kg altered the chemical composition of the cell walls. The binding form of Cd in wood cell wall showed a trend of bound Cd ＞ free Cd ＞ residual Cd. Cd leaching occurred under cyclic soaking in water, which may lead to secondary contamination. However, under the condition of 75 % relative humidity, Cd leaching was negligible, suggesting potential for safer use in controlled environments. These findings provide valuable insights into the management and application of Cd-enriched wood, especially in contexts where decay resistance is critical or in water-exposed environments.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2011
·Vol. 29
·期 8
·1753-1758
·
IF 0.773
Xiuling Ma,Zhen Chen,Xiao Chen,Riyao Chen,Xi Zheng
A novel molecularly imprinted composite nanofiber was prepared by a simple electrospinning technique, in which polyvinylbutyral (PVB) was chosen as matrix, β -cyclodextrin ( β -CD) was used as a functional monomer and naringin (NG) as template molecules. After cross-linked by hexamethylene diisocyanate (HMDI), the composite nanofiber exhibited a high specific binding capacity. The morphological structure of the nanofibers was studied by means of infrared spectrum (IR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The β -CD molecules were mostly homogeneously distributed within the PVB nanofiber without forming phase separated crystalline aggregates. Compared with traditional imprinted β -CD polymer, the binding experiments demonstrated that the molecularly imprinted composite nanofiber shows the specific binding sites and the selective binding ability for NG. The molecularly imprinted nanofiber could be used at least six times without any loss in binding capacity.
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LANGMUIR
·
2025
·
IF 3.9
Fangfen Jing,Xin Xu,Weiwei Lu,Mingzhu Jin,Xinyang He,Rongtai Yu
Polymer-based adsorbents have emerged as promising candidates for heavy-metal remediation due to their tailorable porosity and multifunctional surfaces, yet challenges persist in achieving both structural precision and adsorption efficiency. Here, we report a concave hollow double-layer nanosphere (CHDN) synthesized through a facile self-assembly strategy engineered for selective capture of Cd(II) and Pb(II) ions. Comprehensive characterization via transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), Raman spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) confirmed the hierarchical architecture with abundant amino/hydroxyl moieties. The CHDN demonstrated exceptional adsorption capacities of 198.40 mg/g for Cd(II) and 60.34 mg/g for Pb(II), outperforming conventional adsorbents. Isotherm analysis revealed Cd(II) adsorption followed the Sips model (R2 > 0.99), while Pb(II) adhered to the Langmuir model, suggesting monolayer and heterogeneous binding mechanisms, respectively. Kinetic studies further corroborated chemisorption dominance through pseudo-second-order fitting for Cd(II) and Elovich compatibility for Pb(II). We propose a synergistic mechanism involving ligand complexation and ion exchange, facilitated by the dual functionality of surface groups and structural advantages of the concave architecture. This work provides a blueprint for designing spatially engineered polymers for environmental remediation.
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CHIRALITY
·
2024
·Vol. 36
·期 7
·e23697
·
IF 2.8
Chaoheng Jia,Futao Li,Anqi Li,Qiwen Li,Lu Huang
Allyl-β-CD was synthesized and used as the chiral functional monomer to prepare chiral organic polymer monolithic columns in capillary HPLC. First, the enantioselectivity of the prepared allyl-β-CD modified organic polymer monolithic capillary columns was investigated. Then, the influences of enantioseparation conditions of chiral drugs were further explored. Finally, the recognition mechanism was studied by molecular docking with AutoDock. Complete enantioseparations of four chiral drugs as well as partial enantioseparations of eight chiral drugs have been achieved. Results showed that the RSD values for run-to-run, day-to-day, and column-to-column variations ranged from 1.2% to 4.6%, 1.4% to 4.7%, and 2.0% to 6.1%, respectively. The enantioselectivity factor rather than resolution is correlated with the binding free energy difference between enantiomers with allyl-β-CD. Furthermore, the abundant ether bonds, hydroxyl groups, and hydrophobic cavities in cyclodextrin are responsible for the enantioseparation ability of the chiral monolithic capillary columns.
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CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2024
·
IF 3.7
Xi Quan,Jun Zhang,Linlin Yin,Wei Zuo,Yu Tian
In this work, a novel composite material based on β-cyclodextrin-immobilized sodium alginate aerogel (β-CD/NaAlg) was developed utilizing cross-linker of epichlorohydrin and applied as an adsorbent to remove tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed wastewater. A series of characterizations were utilized to confirm the successful synthesis of the adsorbent and this β-CD/NaAlg presented a three-dimensional network at the nano or micro scale. Under optimal conditions (pH=4, t =8 h, β-CD: NaAlg=9, adsorbent dosage=1.5 g·L –1 ), the maximum removal rate of β-CD/NaAlg to tetracycline was 70%. The adsorption behavior of tetracycline on β-CD/NaAlg conformed to the Freundlich isotherm model ( R 2 =0.9977) and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model ( R 2 =0.9993). Moreover, the adsorbent still removed 55.3% of tetracycline after 5 cycles. Specially, the adsorbent was integrated with ultrafiltration to adsorb tetracycline antibiotics from simulated reclaimed wastewater, and the removal rate of tetracycline reached 78.9% within 2 hours. The existence of Cr (VI) had a negligible impact on tetracycline removal, while the presence of humic acid exhibited a promoting effect. The possible adsorption mechanisms were also elucidated through X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and density functional theory analysis. In summary, β-CD/NaAlg represents an environmentally friendly, efficient, and sustainable adsorbent for removing tetracycline antibiotics from reclaimed water.
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ADVANCED FUNCTIONAL MATERIALS
·
2024
·
IF 18.5
Fan Ye,Cangshuang He,Tong Wu,Shuo Chen,Zhenghua Su,Xianghua Zhang,Xingmin Cai,Guangxing Liang
Kesterite Cu 2 ZnSnS 4 (CZTS) solar cells with CdS buffer layers have the problem of toxicity and cliff-like energy band diagram disfavoring higher photoelectric conversion efficiency (PCE (%)). The preparation method for ZnSnO buffer layers which enable Cd-free CZTS solar cells to reach the certified PCE (%) of 11.4 is limited to atomic layer deposition and sputtering deposition severely reduces PCE (%). Here, it is showed that sputtering deposited ZnSnN 2 is an efficient buffer layer for Cd-free CZTS solar cell, and without antireflection coating or additional passivation layers its champion PCE (%) has reached 10.00 which is comparable to the certified value. No buried junction and current blocking behavior are observed in the CZTS\ZnSnN 2 junctions. Elemental inter-diffusion is observed at the interface between CZTS and ZnSnN 2 . Most importantly, the energy band of ZnSnN 2 is well-matched with that of CZTS. The former straddles the latter. The conduction band offset is spike-like with the conduction band of ZnSnN 2 higher than that of CZTS, which effectively suppresses interface recombination and results in PCE (%) comparable to the certified value.
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JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY
·
2025
·
IF 4.4
Ting Liu,Mengting Xiao,Rongshan Du,Meng Li,Xinyi Li,Ying Xi,Yuanfei Lv,Honglin Liu,Yingping Huang,Tao Xu
Periphytic biofilms (PBs) and dissolved organic matter (DOM) are key factors affecting the migration of Cd at the “water-sediment” interface. However, the specific effects of PBs and protein-like components of DOM on Cd migration within the “water-biofilm-sediment” system remain poorly understood. This study simulates the dissolution and re-immobilization of Cd at the “water-biofilm-sediment” interface in the water-level fluctuation zone (WLFZ) of the Three Gorges Reservoir (TGR), aiming to clarify the role of PBs in Cd stability. The results indicate that the concentration of dissolved Cd increased by 0.96-fold (R 2 = 0.992) with each doubling of L-tryptophan (L-Trp) concentration, as the functional groups of L-Trp ( COOH and NH) formed complexes with Fe-Mn oxide-bound Cd in the sediment. In the presence of PBs and at an L-Trp concentration of 150 mg·L −1 , PBs utilized L-Trp, resulting in a 16.7 % reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) ( p < 0.05) and an increase in protein content. Additionally, PBs contributed to a 35.12 % reduction in the peak concentration of dissolved Cd, thereby stabilizing the final Cd levels. Cd enrichment within PBs, facilitated by functional groups such as >C C<, OH, >C O, and C O , led to a significant increase in Cd content (0.43 mg·kg −1 , p < 0.05). These findings suggest that L-Trp degradation and Cd enrichment by PBs act synergistically to promote the re-immobilization of dissolved Cd. This study offers a novel perspective on Cd migration in WLFZs and provides insights that may be applicable to other aquatic environments where PBs are present.
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Laser & Photonics Reviews
·
2025
·Vol. 19
·期 12
·2402164
·
IF 10
Fengyang Ma,Kaixin Liu,Zhongyao Yan,Liang Yu,Yanru Yang,Wuyan Zhao,Feilong Wang,Yaohua Li,Shuyu Zhang,Songyou Wang,Jian Sun,Ming Lu
Silicon (Si) light source has profound significance in monolithic integrated Si photonics. However, its luminance remains too low to meet practical use that usually requires > 10000 cd m⁻ 2 . Here, an all-inorganic Si nanocrystal (SiNC) white light-emitting diode (WLED) with a continuous emission spectrum spanning ≈400–900 nm in wavelength, is reported. The architecture of the WLED comprises front electrode of Ag grids and transparent-conducting-oxide/electron transport layer (ETL) of ZnO/front charge confinement layer (CCL) of SiO 2 /active layer of low-resistivity SiNC composite thin film/rear CCL of SiO 2 /hole transport layer (HTL) of MoO 3 /textured p-Si substrate/rear electrode of aluminum/heat radiator. The main procedures for achieving high luminance here include combined applications of high-pressure ammonia passivation of the active layer, which enhances its photoluminescence quantum yield significantly, and texturing of p-Si substrate, which boosts the light extraction and charge injection effectively. With an optimized combination of passivation and texturing, luminance of 10751 cd m⁻ 2 is achieved with external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.26%. After a Peltier cooler is further applied, luminance of 12363 cd m⁻ 2 is attained with EQE of 0.30%. Following further technical iterations, this highly bright SiNC WLED shall find applications in monolithic integrated Si photonics and even Si general lighting.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Shipeng Tang,Han-jian Hu,Xinyi Chang,Hongyan Zhang,Yu Chen,Yicheng Li,Wei-xiong Li,Xiaolong Hu,Xiaoyong Liao,Gang-Biao Jiang
Rational utilization of the competition among internal functional groups in chemical adsorbents for heavy metal ions can significantly enhance adsorption efficiency, while also driving the development of advanced adsorbents. This study proposes an innovative strategy employing a group competition mechanism to develop a dual-function platform for Cd(II) detection and adsorption, along with field detection applications. Nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) anchor the Cd(II) detection agent, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis(1-methyl-4-pyridinio)porphyrin tetra( p -toluenesulfonate) (TMPyP), onto sodium alginate chains to form an aerogel (T-NGQDs-CAA). FT-IR and XPS characterizations confirm that NGQDs facilitate a rapid Cd(II) transfer pathway through electrostatic interactions and π-π stacking. The Cd(II) detection speed of T-NGQDs-CAA is enhanced fivefold, while density functional theory analysis reveals that TMPyP exhibits a significantly stronger binding affinity toward Cd(II) compared to nitrogen- and oxygen-containing groups. Combined experimental and theoretical analyses demonstrate that this rapid ion transfer pathway intensifies TMPyP’s competition for Cd(II), thereby promoting the coordination reaction between TMPyP and Cd(II). Additionally, the Cd(II) adsorption by T-NGQDs-CAA follows the pseudo-second-order kinetic and Langmuir isotherm models, exhibiting a 148.7% increase in saturation adsorption capacity. This strategy, through constructing rapid ion channels with NGQDs and leveraging the group competition mechanism, enables in-situ Cd(II) detection and removal, enhancing the understanding and application of interactions between functional groups and metal ions.
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INDUSTRIAL CROPS AND PRODUCTS
·
2025
·
IF 6.2
Jiachuan Chen,Jiaming Fan,Kefeng Liu,Junchao Li,Qixiu Dong,Guihua Yang
Traditional oil/water separation materials are greatly limited by poor eco-friendly, high energy consumption, and tedious preparation process. To address these issues, a sustainable superhydrophobic paper-based material (PDMS-CP@γ-CD-MOF) was developed through synergistic modification of cellulose paper sourced from wheat straw. A rough structure on the superhydrophobic paper was created by in-situ growth of γ-cyclodextrin metal-organic framework (γ-CD-MOF), and the surface energy was controlled via polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) coating. The resulting superhydrophobic paper displayed appropriate mechanical strength, excellent superhydrophobicity and self-cleaning ability. Notably, gravity-driven separation of various oil/water mixtures was achieved with efficiencies over 97 % and flux rates reaching up to 382–603 L·m⁻²·h⁻¹ . Moreover, the superhydrophobic paper demonstrated excellent reusability, maintaining a separation efficiency above 98 % after 10 cycles, which indicates promising potential for treating oily industrial wastewater.
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Agronomy-Basel
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 12
·2913
·
IF 3.4
Xue Zhou,Lianfang Li,Mengqi Kang
The antagonistic geochemical behaviors of cadmium (Cd) and arsenic (As) in co-contaminated soils complicate their simultaneous remediation. This study aimed to develop a synergistic immobilization strategy by convertingSpirulinaresidue into a magnetic biochar-layered double hydroxide composite (FSRBL). The composite was applied to both acidic red and calcareous black soils, and its effects on Cd and As, immobilization efficiency, and ecotoxicity were evaluated. The results showed that FSRBL effectively transforms Cd and As from mobile fractions to stable residual forms. At a 2.5% application rate, FSRBL achieved remarkable immobilization efficiencies of 39.2% for Cd and 57.5% for As, representing effectiveness 3.55 and 5.97 times higher than that of unmodified biochar, respectively. A dose–response relationship between the application amount of FSRBL and the immobilization efficiency of As and Cd was observed and further quantified using a logistic model. The results indicate that while increased FSRBL application enhances immobilization efficiency, the marginal benefit of each additional unit diminishes as the application rate increases, demonstrating a significant diminishing marginal effect. According to the ecotoxicity assessment experiment, the soil leachate from FSRBL-amended soil remarkably decreased the ecological toxicity to rice (Oryza sativaL.). Mechanistic investigations employing SEM/TEM-EDS, XRD, and XPS revealed that the synergistic immobilization could be ascribed to the multi-component cooperation within FSRBL, which resolved the conflicting pH/Eh requirements for the immobilization of Cd and As: (1) the LDH phase efficiently immobilized As oxyanions through anion exchange and isomorphic substitution; (2) the magnetic Fe phase concurrently immobilized Cd2+and As oxyanions via redox transformation and coprecipitation, resulting in the formation of precipitates such as Fe/Ca/Cd–As(V). This work demonstrates a feasible approach to upcycle biomass waste into a value-added material for sustainable remediation of Cd–As co-contaminated soil.
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