RSC Advances
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2020
·Vol. 10
·期 12
·6850-6857
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IF 3.119
Lingjuan Hu,Qi Wang,Xiaomeng Zhang,Haitao Zhao,Zhe Cui,Peng Fu,Minying Liu,Nan Liu,Shengbao He,Xinchang Pang,Xiaoguang Qiao
A novel raspberry-like γ-Fe2O3@carbon dot (CD) nanocatalyst was prepared and applied for photoinduced electron transfer-reversible addition–fragmentation chain transfer (PET-RAFT) polymerization. The nanocatalyst was found to be an efficient photocatalyst in visible light-regulated PET-RAFT polymerization owing to the oxidative quenching mechanism between the photoexcited γ-Fe2O3@CDs and the RAFT agent in the PET process. Notably, polymerization can be reversibly ceased in the absence of light or under an external magnetic field. The superparamagnetic nature and high saturation magnetization value (∼30.4 emu g−1) of the nanocatalyst contribute to convenient recycling of the nanocatalyst after polymerization. The PET-RAFT polymerization with the nanocatalyst before and after recycling was investigated, which displayed all the characteristics of controlled/living polymerization systems.
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POLYMER DEGRADATION AND STABILITY
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2020
·
IF 4.032
Ali Reza Kamali,Jigang Yang
The effective disposal and/or utilization of polyethylene terephthalate ((C 10 H 8 O 4 ) n , PET) waste plastics are currently global problems that need to be addressed urgently. The current research examines the molten salt-based thermal treatment of PET waste, as a new approach to tackle this challenge. The effect of various molten salts, comprising KCl, MgCl 2 , ZnCl 2 , NaCl , KF and NaF on the structural and morphological evolution of PET upon heating in air to 1300 °C is investigated. PET is transformed into carbon materials with different characteristics, including graphene-like nanosheets and porous nanostructures , with different electrical conductivity values, depending on the type of salt employed. The melting and evaporation points, as well as the cation size of the salt, are found to have a significant influence on the morphology and the crystallization level of the carbon products, based on which the characteristics of PET-derived carbons are regulated. Accordingly, the crystallinity and graphitization degree of the carbon materials obtained in NaF, KF and NaCl are found to be considerably greater than those obtained in ZnCl 2 , MgCl 2 and KCl. The possible mechanism involved in the conversion of PET into carbon nanostructures in the molten salt environment is discussed. The results obtained provide insights into molten salt conversion of PET into carbon materials with different properties for various applications.
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RSC Advances
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2019
·Vol. 9
·期 53
·31092-31101
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IF 3.049
Yu Wenlong,Chen Zhe,Yu Shitao,Ding Junwei,Shan Yuling,Liu Fusheng,Li Ming
Nanoporous carbon (NPC) derived from waste polyethyleneterephthalate (PET) bottles was prepared by a MgO-templated method and employed as a support for a highly dispersed platinum catalyst. The NPCs and Pt/NPCs catalysts were characterized by BET, SEM, TEM, XRD and ICP-OES. The catalytic performance of the NPC supported Pt catalysts for reductive alkylation of p-aminodiphenylamine (p-ADPA) with methyl isoamyl ketone (MIAK) was investigated. The textural properties of the NPC prepared could be tailored by changing the size of the MgO-template and the MgO/waste PET powder mass ratio. When the pore size was below 14 nm, the catalytic performance of the Pt/NPCs for the reductive alkylation could be improved with increasing the pore size of the NPCs. Profiting from the higher mechanical strength and the ideal pore structure, Pt/O@NPC50(1/1)–PTA had excellent reusability, which could maintain 98% conversion of p-ADPA after reused 10 times.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES B-BIOINTERFACES
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2016
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IF 3.902
Xingxing Jin,Jiang Yuan,Jian Shen
A low-fouling zwitterionic surface strategy has been proven to be promising and effective for repelling nonspecific adsorption of proteins, cells and bacteria, which may eventually induce adverse pathogenic problems such as thrombosis and infection. Herein, a multi-step process was developed by a combination of mussel-inspired chemistry and surface-initiated atom transfer radical polymerization (SI-ATRP) technique for improving hemocompatible and anti-biofouling properties. Polyethylene terephthalate (PET) sheets were first treated with dopamine, and then the bromoalkyl initiators were immobilized on the poly(dopamine) functionalized surfaces, followed by surface-initiated activators regenerated by electron transfer atom transfer radical polymerization (ARGET ATRP) of 2-(dimethylamino) ethyl methacrylate (DMAEMA) monomer. Subsequently, the resulting PET sheets were ring-opening reacted with 1,3-propiolactone (PL) and 1,3-propanesultone (PS) to afford polycarboxybetaine and polysulfobetaine brushes, respectively. Characterizations of the PET sheets were undertaken by attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), atomic force microscope (AFM), water contact angle (WCA) measurements, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analysis, respectively. The conversion rates of PDMAEMA to polyzwitterions were evaluated by XPS analysis. The remained PDMAEMA(weak cationic) and formed zwitterions(neutral) would form a synergetic antifouling and antibacterial surface. Hemocompatible and anti-biofouling properties were evaluated by total adsorption of protein as well as the adhesion of platelet, cell and bacterium. Zwitterionic polymer brushes grafted PET sheets showed outstanding hemocompatibility featured on reduced platelet adhesion and repelled protein adsorption. Meanwhile, the grafted PET sheets exerted excellent anti-biofouling property characterized by the resisted adhesion of Escherichia coli and 3T3 cells. In summary, zwitterionic polymer brushed modified PET sheets have a great potential for biomedical applications.
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Acta Biomaterialia
·
2017
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IF 6.319
Yayun Peng,Dongzhi Yang,Weifei Lu,Xiongwei Hu,Hao Hong,Ting Cai
Various carbonaceous nanomaterials , including fullerene , carbon nanotube , graphene, and carbon dots , have attracted increasing attention during past decades for their potential applications in biological imaging and therapy. In this study, we have developed a fullerene-based tumor-targeted positron emission tomography (PET) imaging probe. Water-soluble functionalized C 60 conjugates were radio-labeled with 64 Cu and modified with cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptides (cRGD) for targeting of integrin α v β 3 in glioblastoma. The specificity of fluorescein-labeled C 60 conjugates against cellular integrin α v β 3 was evaluated in U87 MG (integrin α v β 3 positive) and MCF-7 cells (integrin α v β 3 negative) by confocal fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry. Our results indicated that cRGD-conjugated C 60 derivatives showed better cellular internalization compared with C 60 derivatives without the cRGD attachment. Moreover, an interesting finding on intra-nuclei transportation of cRGD-conjugated C 60 derivatives was observed in U87 MG cells. In vivo serial PET studies showed preferential accumulation of cRGD-conjugated C 60 derivatives at in U87 MG tumors. In addition, the pharmacokinetic profiles of these fullerene-based nanoparticles conjugated with cRGD and 1,4,7-triazacyclononane-1,4,7-triacetic acid (NOTA) fit well with the three compartment model. The renal clearance of C 60 -based nanoparticles is remarkably fast, which makes this material very promising for safer cancer theranostic applications. Statement of significance Safety is one of the major concerns for nanomedicine and nanomaterials with fast clearance profile are highly desirable. Fullerene is a distinct type of zero-dimensional carbon nanomaterial with ultrasmall size, uniform dispersity , and versatile reactivity. Here we have developed a fullerene-based tumor-targeted positron emission tomography imaging probe using water-soluble functionalized C 60 conjugates radio-labeled with 64 Cu and modified with cyclo (Arg-Gly-Asp) peptides (cRGD) for glioblastoma targeting. The improved tumor targeting property along with fast renal clearance behavior of C 60 -based nanoparticles makes this material very promising for future safer cancer theranostic applications.
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ACS Applied Polymer Materials
·
2025
·
IF 4.7
Yubo Ren,Shuaijie Li,Jingjun Dong,Zhihui Zhao,Zunyuan Wang,Guoxin Wang,Xiaoming Li,Weichao Chen
The urgent need for efficient wound dressing requires comfortability, reasonable humidity, and anti-inflammatory and pathogen anti-infectivity properties. Herein, the PET micronanofiber pads loaded with forsythin (FT) are successfully designed and prepared by electrospinning. The asymmetric wettability double-layer micronanofiber pad (PET@FT10%/PET) has been developed by utilizing the hydrophobic properties of PET. The addition of FT endows super hydrophobic PET with excellent hydrophilic properties and absorbent properties to ensure the dryness of the wound environment. Meanwhile, the hydrophobic PET layer avoids the adhesion of dust and bacteria, providing a barrier to prevent pollution of the complex external environment for the drug-carrying layer. Furthermore, the PET@FT10%/PET double-layer micronanofiber pad provides favorable conditions for wound healing with the validation by inhibition of representative pathogens Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus, and the expression of pro-inflammatory factors (IL-6 and TNF-α), and the cell survival rate also achieved excellent results. Therefore, the PET@FT10%/PET double-layer micronanofiber pad designed in this paper provides a neoteric strategy with an asymmetric structure design to avoid contamination and accelerate drug delivery for wound healing.
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JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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2024
·
IF 12.2
Weitao Ou,Han Wang,Yingdan Ye,Huaiyuan Zhao,Yibin Zhang,Zhaoyin Hou
Chemical upcycling of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) to value-added products can reduce the emission of CO 2 , microplastics and toxic chemicals. In this work, mesoporous H-type Zeolite Socony Mobil-5 (HZSM-5) supported Ru catalyst (Ru/ m -HZSM-5) was synthesized and tested in the hydrogenation of PET degraded chemicals (bis(2-hydroxyethyl) terephthalate , dimethyl terephthalate, diethyl terephthalate, and terephthalic acid). Characterizations disclosed that Ru/ m -HZSM-5 catalyst possesses mesopores (a dominant channel of 5.32 nm), enlarged specific surface area (404 m 2 ·g −1 ), and Ru NPs dispersed highly (40.6 %) compared to that of Ru/HZSM-5. And also, it was found that Ru/ m -HZSM-5 was capable for the hydrogenation of benzene rings in these PET degraded chemicals with large sizes (1.09–1.82 nm). In particular, the conversion of BHET and the selectivity of BHCD over Ru/ m -HZSM-5 reached 95.5 % and 95.6 % at 120 °C within 2 h. And Ru/ m -HZSM-5 could be recycled at least five times without obvious loss of activity and selectivity.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2025
·
IF 7.3
Jinrui Hu,Xiao Xu,XinYi Cao,Lulu Dong,Lixia Bao,Weibo Kong,Jiliang Wang
The recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) is vital for environmental sustainability, yet achieving recycled PET (rPET) and its composites with optimal processability and flexibility remains a challenge. This study presents a solvent-free reactive extrusion method to extend the chains of rPET using a macromolecular chain extender (i.e., methyl methacrylate-glycidyl methacrylate copolymer, marked as PMG) rich in epoxy groups and to produce rPET/recycled polyethylene (rPET/rPE) composites. The resulting composites exhibit excellent thermoplasticity and controllable mechanical properties, such as the rPET/rPE composite (70:30 by mass), with a tensile strength of 39.2 MPa and an elongation at a break of 81.4%. After five extrusion cycles, their mechanical properties just encounter a subtle decline, indicating robust sustainability and cycle performance. The formation of a dynamic physical cross-linking network arises from the distinct polarity, hydrophobicity, and melt viscosity of rPET and rPE, where the hard spherical rPET phase is evenly dispersed in the soft rPE matrix with PMG acting as an interfacial compatibilizer. This innovative approach not only enhances the properties of the recycled composites but also promotes their cost-effectiveness and environmental benefits, thus broadening the potential applications of rPET and rPE as partial substitutes for virgin PET and PE.
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·Vol. 26
·期 11
·6748-6759
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IF 9.3
Yitian Zhang,Jie Gao,Chao Jiang,Gang Luo,Jiajun Fan,James H. Clark,Shicheng Zhang
Chemical upgrading as a recycling technology for poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) waste plastic is an effective way to help solve the current challenges of plastic pollution. Catalytic methanolysis technology enables the depolymerization of PET into high-value dimethyl terephthalate (DMT) monomers under relatively mild conditions, thereby achieving closed-loop recycling of PET waste plastic. In this study, we compared the catalytic efficiency of Cu/SiO2 catalysts prepared by three different methods for the depolymerization of PET to DMT. Cu/SiO2-IM, prepared through the impregnation method, exhibited the highest activity, with PET conversion and DMT selectivity reaching 92.35% and 99.0%, respectively, at 200 °C without any initial gas pressure. The exceptional performance of Cu/SiO2-IM can be attributed to its small metal particles, substantial specific surface area, a high ratio of Brønsted acid sites (BAS) to Lewis acid sites (LAS) and the balance of Cu+ and Cu0 active sites on the catalytic surface. Furthermore, possible reaction mechanisms of Cu-based catalysts in the catalytic methanolysis of PET were investigated: Cu+ initiates the attack on the carbon groups along the long PET chain and enhances the nucleophilic attack during the depolymerization reaction, while Cu0 readily interacts with the hydroxyl group of methanol, leading to the formation of a new ester group between the oxygen atom in the hydroxyl group of methanol and the carbon atom in the CO group of PET polyester. This low-cost and high-efficiency catalytic methanolysis study provides a practical approach to PET waste plastic recycling.
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GREEN CHEMISTRY
·
2024
·
IF 9.3
Fei Li,Xiaoqian Yao,Rong Ding,Yinan Bao,Qing Zhou,Dongxia Yan,Yi Li,Junli Xu,Jiayu Xin,Xingmei Lu
Glycolysis of waste polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is a green and high-value PET recovery approach, the product of which can be used as raw materials to prepare polyurethanes. Enhancing the conversion rate and monomer selectivity of PET glycolysis through the development of efficient catalysts is crucial for reducing both the energy consumption and operational costs associated with the process. In this study, a series of deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were synthesised based on L-proline (Pro) and its derivatives and used as catalysts for the glycolysis of PET using 1,4-butanediol (BDO). Under the optimized reaction conditions (5.0 g PET, 25.0 g BDO, 2 wt% Pro/Zn(Ac)2 catalyst, 210 °C, 15 min and atmospheric pressure), PET was degraded completely, and the yield of monomeric bis(4-hydroxybutyl)terephthalate (BHBT) reached 67.1%. Based on the results of in situ-IR, 1H NMR and density functional theory (DFT), the possible catalytic mechanism of DESs synergistically promoting PET depolymerization was proposed. Finally, aromatic-based polyurethane elastomers (PUEs) were prepared with PET glycolysis products bis(2-hydroxyethyl)terephthalate (BHET) and BHBT as chain extenders. Compared with the control group, the thermal and mechanical properties of aromatic-based PUEs were improved, which proved the feasibility of high value utilization of PET glycolysis products.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2024
·
IF 7.1
Xiaoli Zhou,Jinhong Deng,Zhe Li,Yun Cheng,Jie Zhou,Min Jiang,Weiliang Dong
Conversion of PET waste into carbon dots (CDs) is an attractive approach to plastic pollution control. However, the preparation of red–yellow CDs is still challenging, and the preparation methods are complex. In this study, a one-pot solvothermal method was developed for the preparation of CDs from PET waste. Through nitrogen source and solvent screening, multicolor (blue–red) CDs with high quantum yield (QY) were prepared. The reaction temperature and catalyst dosage significantly influence the production yield and QY of the CDs. The optimized CD showed a relative yield of 42.7%, a high QY of 47.8%, and a red photoluminescence color. The morphology, crystal structure, surface chemistry, and optical performance of CDs were characterized. The red and yellow fluorescence was mainly due to the molecular state mechanism. White light-emitting diodes with cool and warm white light and a high color rendering index were constructed using yellow and red CDs.
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PROCESS SAFETY AND ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION
·
2025
·
IF 7.8
Zhongqing Shen,Zixian Jia,Lin Gao,Lijiao Qin,Jie Zhang,Haocheng Sun,Jianlei Qi,Jianzhong Yin
Methanolysis of waste poly(lactic acid) (PLA) to produce the non-toxic, biodegradable solvent methyl lactate (MLA) is a promising strategy for waste management. We introduce an efficient, catalyst-free PLA methanolysis approach enhanced by a CO₂ atmosphere, achieving nearly 100 % PLA conversion and a 95.5 % MLA yield. These results represent a significant increase in both conversion and yield compared to reactions conducted without CO₂. Through analytical methods and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, we elucidate the reaction pathways, showing that CO₂ critically enhances the ester exchange between methanol and PLA chains. This enhancement is attributed to CO₂'s role in stabilizing transition states and promoting ester bond scission by forming additional hydrogen bonds, which facilitates efficient MLA formation. Furthermore, this approach's viability for real-world recycling is demonstrated with commercial PLA products, achieving 53.9 % PLA conversion and 17.0 % MLA yield. When applied to mixed plastic waste containing PLA and PET, the process achieves nearly complete PLA conversion with a 79.4 % MLA yield, while also producing the PET-derived product DMT, which can be isolated along with MLA via simple precipitation and distillation. This research presents a sustainable and highly tolerant solution for the chemical recycling of both pure and mixed PLA waste streams.
研究领域:
化学工程
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高分子科学
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可持续化学
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废物管理
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绿色技术
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危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）