MOLECULES
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2023
·Vol. 29
·期 1
·173
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IF 4.6
Lingling Rong,Ligui Wu,Tiao Zhang,Cui Hu,Haihui Tang,Hongcheng Pan,Xiaoming Zou
To improve the adsorption efficiency of pollutants by biochar, preparing graphene-like biochar (GBC) or nitrogen-doped biochar are two commonly used methods. However, the difference in the nitrogen doping (N-doping) effects upon the adsorption of pollutants by pristine biochar (PBC) and GBC, as well as the underlying mechanisms, are still unclear. Take the tetracycline (TC) as an example, the present study analyzed the characteristics of the adsorption of TCs on biochars (PBC, GBC, N-PBC, N-GBC), and significant differences in the effects of N-doping on the adsorption of TCs by PBC and GBC were consistently observed at different solution properties. Specifically, N-doping had varied effects on the adsorption performance of PBC, whereas it uniformly improved the adsorption performance of GBC. To interpret the phenomenon, the N-doping upon the adsorption was revealed by the QSAR model, which indicated that the pore filling (VM) and the interactions between TCs with biochars (Ead-v) were found to be the most important two factors. Furthermore, the density functional theory (DFT) results demonstrated that N-doping slightly affects biochar’s chemical reactivity. The van der Waals (vdWs) and electrostatic interactions are the main forces for TCs-biochars interactions. Moreover, N-doping mostly strengthened the electrostatic interactions of TCs-biochars, but the vdWs interactions of most samples remained largely unaffected. Overall, the revealed mechanism of N-doping on TCs adsorption by biochars will enhance our knowledge of antibiotic pollution remediation.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
·
2021
·
IF 7.963
Qingyin Li,Haisheng Lin,Shu Zhang,Xiangzhou Yuan,Mortaza Gholizadeh,Yi Wang,Jun Xiang,Song Hu,Xun Hu
Co-hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of livestock manure and biomass might improve the fuel properties of the hydrochar due to the high reactivity of the biomass-derived intermediates with the abundant oxygen-containing functionalities. However, the complicated compositions make it difficult to explicit the specific roles of the individual components of biomass played in the co-HTC process. In this study, cellulose was used for co-HTC with swine manure to investigate the influence on the properties of the hydrochar . The yield of hydrochar obtained from co-HTC reduced gradually with the cellulose proportion increased, and the solid yield was lower than the theoretical value. This was because the cellulose-derived intermediates favored the stability of the fragments from hydrolysis of swine manure. The increased temperature resulted in the reduction of the hydrochar yield whereas the prolonged time enhanced the formation of solid product. The interaction of the co-HTC intermediates facilitated the formation of O-containing species, thus making the solid more oxygen- and hydrogen-rich with a higher volatility. In addition, the co-HTC affected the evolution of functionalities like -OH and C O during the thermal treatment of the hydrochar and altered its morphology by stuffing the pores from swine manure-derived solid with the microspheres from HTC of cellulose. The interaction of the varied intermediates also impacted the formation of amines, ketones, carboxylic acids , esters, aromatics and the polymeric products in distinct ways.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of the Taiwan Institute of Chemical Engineers
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2021
·
IF 5.876
Shihan Wang,Siyao Bian,Jianzhuo Liu,Jihui Li,Shuying Xu,Zhenyi Liang
Background Biochar has attracted considerable attention as a low-cost adsorbent comprised of carbon matrix and mineral for treatment of wastewater. The main purpose of this work was to manufacture CaCO 3 -rich biochars using crayfish shell as feedstock for removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) from aqueous solution. Methods Pristine and magnetic biochars were prepared via direct pyrolysis and K 2 FeO 4 -promoted pyrolysis , respectively, and characterized by element analysis, BET, FTIR, SEM-EDS, XRD and XPS. Moreover, their adsorption capabilities toward Cu(II) and Pb(II) were investigated in aqueous solution. Findings A large amount of CaCO 3 was assembled on the pristine biochar pyrolyzed at 600 °C, leading to 715.10 mg/g and 1682.87 mg/g adsorption capacities for Cu(II) and Pb(II), respectively. Whereas, CaCO 3 and single phase Fe 3 O 4 were simultaneously introduced into the magnetic biochar with K 2 FeO 4 -promoted pyrolysis at 600 °C using 1/1 (g/g) ratio of K 2 FeO 4 to crayfish shell, where 417.05 mg/g and 974.10 mg/g maximum adsorption capabilities were obtained for Cu(II) and Pb(II) with 29.66 emu/g saturation magnetism, respectively. Cu(II) and Pb(II) were mainly adsorbed onto the biochars as carbonates and oxides by their interaction with CaCO 3 and carbon matrix.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
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废水处理
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DOI
高影响因子
SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT
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2021
·
IF 7.963
Yu-jie Wang,Yi Yu,Hua-jun Huang,Cheng-long Yu,Han-sun Fang,Chun-huo Zhou,Xin Yin,Wei-hua Chen,Xin-chun Guo
The treatment of sewage sludge (SS) is an environmental problem worldwide. In recent years, hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of SS for hydrochar (HC) has attracted extensive attention. This study preliminarily explored the microwave-assisted HTC of SS for the first time. Increasing the reaction temperature (150–250 °C) and reaction time (0–120 min) resulted in a decrease in the HC yield, and it gradually increased with the rising solid–liquid ratio (0.03–0.25 g/mL). Compared with raw SS, the HC products possessed higher aromaticity, carbonization degree, porosity, and polarity, and lower content of soluble nutrients (N/P/K) and leachable heavy metals (Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, Cr, and Ni), indicating a lower risk of nutrient and heavy metal loss. Attention should be paid to the total contents of Zn and Cd in HC exceeded the permitted value for use in cultivated land with edible crops. The use of CaO as a catalyst improved the yield of HC, made the HC and process water (PW) weakly alkaline, and further passivated the heavy metals in the HC. In the case of H 3 PO 4 , although the conversion of SS was enhanced (lower content of volatile organic matter in HC), the contents of soluble nutrients (N/P/K) in HC/PW increased, and the migration of Zn and Cd into process water was enhanced. The HCs obtained in this study had poor combustion properties, but higher ignition temperatures than raw SS. PW must be properly treated or recycled because it still contained high contents of organic matter and nutrients. This fundamental study provides basic insights into the microwave-assisted HTC of SS.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源工程
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL AND ENVIRONMENTAL HYGIENE
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2011
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IF 1.293
Jo Anne G. Balanay,Shaun A. Crawford,Claudiu T. Lungu
Activated carbon fiber (ACF) has been demonstrated to be a good adsorbent for the removal of organic vapors in air. Some ACF has a comparable or larger surface area and higher adsorption capacity when compared with granular activated carbon (GAC) commonly used in respiratory protection devices. ACF is an attractive alternative adsorbent to GAC because of its ease of handling, light weight, and decreasing cost. ACF may offer the potential for short-term respiratory protection for first responders and emergency personnel. This study compares the critical bed depths and adsorption capacities for toluene among GAC and ACF of different forms and surface areas. GAC and ACF in cloth (ACFC) and felt (ACFF) forms were challenged in stainless steel chambers with a constant concentration of 500 ppm toluene via conditioned air at 25°C, 50% RH, and constant airflow (7 L/min). Breakthrough data were obtained for each adsorbent using gas chromatography with flame ionization detector. Surface areas of each adsorbent were determined using a physisorption analyzer. Results showed that the critical bed depth of GAC is 275% higher than the average of ACFC but is 55% lower than the average of ACFF. Adsorption capacity of GAC (with a nominal surface area of 1800 m2/g) at 50% breakthrough is 25% higher than the average of ACF with surface area of 1000 m2/g, while the rest of ACF with surface area of 1500 m2/g and higher have 40% higher adsorption capacities than GAC. ACFC with higher surface area has the smallest critical bed depth and highest adsorption capacity, which makes it a good adsorbent for thinner and lighter respirators. We concluded that ACF has great potential for application in respiratory protection considering its higher adsorption capacity and lower critical bed depth in addition to its advantages over GAC, particularly for ACF with higher surface area.
研究领域:
环境科学
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材料科学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Cleaner Production
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2025
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IF 10
Chenyu Wang,Han Zhou,Chaoyue Wu,Weibo Sun,Xiaohui Sun,Chao He
Hydrothermal carbonization combined with wet chemical methods for treating sewage sludge produce valuable hydrochar and phosphorus. However, further investigation is needed to optimize the balance among phosphorus recovery, heavy metal leaching, residual hydrochar utilization to enhance overall process benefits. In this study, acid leaching on hydrochar was conducted using HCl, H 2 SO 4 , citric acid at 0.1 – 1.0 M acid concentration for 10 – 1440 min, the liquid-to-solid ratio between 50 to 500 mL/g. Employing single-factor experiments, response surface methodology, various characterization techniques, the impacts of acid leaching on the leaching rates of phosphorus and heavy metals, along with residual rate and properties of the remaining hydrochar, were quantitatively assessed. The results indicate leaching parameters directly impact the phosphorus leaching rate. HCl and H 2 SO 4 achieve their corresponding maximum phosphorus leaching rate within 60 min at acid concentration 0.5 M, liquid-to-solid ratio 500 mL/g, while using citric acid requires 360 min. When H 2 SO 4 is used as the extractant, the corresponding maximum phosphorus leaching rate can be maintained within a wider leaching time and acid concentration range. A moderate acid concentration, prolonged leaching time, higher liquid-to-solid ratio lead to increased levels of heavy metal concomitant leaching. Compared to HCl and citric acid, using H 2 SO 4 as extractant results in lower heavy metal leaching and lower sensitivity to leaching parameters. The residual rates of hydrochar range from 59.3% to 77.3%, with H 2 SO 4 and HCl as extractant yielding higher residual rates than citric acid. The properties of the remaining hydrochar were altered by acid leaching, resulting in a decrease in specific surface area and pore number, but an increase in oxygen-containing functional groups and calorific value, which affects its subsequent utilization. Finally, based on the aforementioned results and potential process scenarios, the selection of optimal acid leaching parameters was discussed. The results provide reference for the selection of phosphorus recovery and resource utilization pathway based on sludge-derived hydrochar.
研究领域:
环境科学
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资源与能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
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2018
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IF 6.653
Guocheng Liu,Hao Zheng,Zhixiang Jiang,Jian Zhao,Zhenyu Wang,Bo Pan,Baoshan Xing
Nano biochar (N-BC) attracts increasing interest due to its unique environmental behavior. However, understanding of its formation, physicochemical characteristics, and stability of N-BC is limited. We therefore examined N-BC formation from bulk biochars (B-BCs) produced from peanut shell, cotton straw, Chinese medicine residues, and furfural residues at 300–600 °C. Carbon stability and colloidal processes of nano peanut shell biochars (N-PBCs) were further investigated. N-BCs formed from pore collapse and skeleton fracture during biomass charring, breakup due to grinding, and sonication. Amorphous fraction in B-BCs was more readily degraded into N-BCs than graphitic component. The sonication-formed N-PBCs contained 19.2–31.8% higher oxygen and fewer aromatic structures than the bulk ones, leading to lower carbon stability, but better dispersibility in water. Heteroaggregation of N-PBCs with goethite/hematite destabilized initially and then restabilized with increasing concentrations of N-PBCs. Compared with stacked complexes of N-PBCs-hematite, the association of goethite with N-PBCs could form interlaced heterostructures, thus shielding positive charges on goethite and causing greater heteroaggregation. These findings are useful for better understanding the formation of N-BCs and their environmental fate and behavior in soil and water.
研究领域:
环境科学
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土壤学
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化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY
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2018
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IF 5.807
Yang Li,Huan Liu,Kangxin Xiao,Xiang Liu,Hongyun Hu,Xian Li,Hong Yao
This study aims to figure out the influence of moisture content and chemical constitution, i.e. carbohydrates, proteins and lipids, of waste lettuce on the physicochemical structure of hydrochar produced via hydrothermal carbonization. The experimental results showed that homogenized carbon material can be obtained by hydrothermal treatment, regardless of the moisture content of feedstock. During the hydrothermal carbonization process of waste lettuce, carbohydrates were the most active reactants contributing to hydrochar formation. Meanwhile, Maillard reaction between proteins and carbohydrates occurred, which promoted the aromatization of the organic intermediates and increased the relative content of nitrogenous heterocyclic functional groups on the surface of hydrochar from 10.7 to 18.7%. Different from these two constitution, lipids did not participate in the carbonization reaction, the main hydrolyzates of lipids were adsorbed to the surface of hydrochar, leading to an increase in the mass of solid products.
研究领域:
环境科学
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生物化学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
FUEL
·
2018
·
IF 4.908
Qicong Liu,Zhe Xiong,Syed Shatir A. Syed-Hassan,Zengtong Deng,Xingyu Zhao,Sheng Su,Jun Xiang,Yi Wang,Song Hu
Ni-based catalyst is prone to the deactivation by coke deposition during the catalytic steam reforming of bio-oil. In order to optimize catalytic activity of the Ni-based catalyst, a two-stage catalytic reforming scheme was proposed whereby a low-temperature (350–600 °C) pre-reforming process with a less expensive catalyst was introduced prior to the Ni-based catalyst. To study this scheme, the reforming experiments with different combinations of Fe/bio-char (in the first stage) and Ni-Ca/γ-Al 2 O 3 (in the second stage) were conducted. In addition to the quantification of product yields, the tar and gas were characterized with an ultraviolet (UV) fluorescence spectroscopy, a gas chromatography/mass spectrometer (GC/MS) and a gas chromatography (GC). The results indicate that significant proportions of naphthalenes and polycyclic aromatics in the intermediate volatiles turned into furans, phenols and non-aromatics, which are easier to be reformed on Ni-based catalysts, via the Fe/bio-char pre-reforming, resulting in the increase of the final H 2 and CO yields of the overall process. At high pre-reforming temperatures (550–600 °C), the coke formation on Ni-based catalyst was significantly inhibited due to the Fe/bio-char pre-reforming. In addition, the results indicate that the spent Ni-based catalyst had more free NiO and NiAl 2 O 4 spinel than the fresh one, suggesting that the increase in the catalytic activity of Ni-based catalyst during the reforming process was promoted by Fe/bio-char pre-reforming.
研究领域:
能源科学
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催化化学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2022
·Vol. 15
·期 3
·763
·
IF 3.748
Weijun Ying,Shuo Tian,Huan Liu,Zenan Zhou,Grantson Kapeso,Jinhuan Zhong,Wenbiao Zhang
In this work, nitrogen-doped bamboo-based activated carbon (NBAC) was in situ synthesized from simply blending bamboo charcoal (BC) with sodamide (SA, NaNH2) powders and heating with a protection of nitrogen flow at a medium temperature. The elemental analysis and X-ray photoelectron spectra of as-synthesized NBAC showed quite a high nitrogen level of the simultaneously activated and doped samples; an abundant pore structure had also been determined from the NBACs which has a narrow size distribution of micropores (<2 nm) and favorable specific surface area that presented superb adsorption performance. The fcarbon dioxide (CO2) adsorption of the NBACs was measured at 0 °C and 25 °C at a pressure of 1 bar, whose capture capacities reached 3.68–4.95 mmol/g and 2.49–3.52 mmol/g, respectively, and the maximum adsorption could be observed for NBACs fabricated with an SA/BC ratio of 3:1 and activated at 500 °C. Further, adsorption selectivity of CO2over N2was deduced with the ideal adsorbed solution theory ((IAST), the selectivity was finally calculated which ranged from 15 to 17 for the NBACs fabricated at 500 °C). The initial isosteric heat of adsorption (Qst) of NBACs was also determined at 30–40 kJ/mol, which suggested that CO2adsorption was a physical process. The results of ten-cycle adsorption-desorption experimentally confirmed the regenerated NBACs of a steady CO2adsorption performance, that is, the as-synthesized versatile NBAC with superb reproducibility makes it a perspective candidate in CO2capture and separation application.Keywords:bamboo charcoal;bamboo-based activated carbon;N-doping activation;CO2adsorption;capture capacity
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
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产品关联
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Chenyu Wang,Biao Gui,Chaoyue Wu,Chao He,Lucheng Li,Xiaolong Ling,Xiaojun Zuo
Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) is a promising technology for sewage sludge (SSL) utilization. However, the yield and performance of hydrochar need to be further improved produced when SSL is used as a feedstock must be improved further. Herein, a process combining physicochemical pretreatment , namely, Fenton oxidation (FO) and HTC was developed for SSL utilization. Moderate oxidation was found to improve the yield and performance of the produced hydrochar. The product distribution, yield, and properties of the hydrochar produced using the proposed combined process were compared with those of the hydrochar produced via direct HTC treatment. The pretreatment affected the surface structure and organic composition of SSL and promoted the carbonization of the intermediate products. Thus, compared with the yield of hydrochar (50.7 %) obtained via the direct HTC treatment, the yield of the hydrochar obtained using the combined process increased to 55.0–65.2 % (depending on the pretreatment condition). Hydrochar properties were enhanced using the combined process, and the energy density of hydrochar slightly decreased after pretreatment (1.2–13.1 %); however, the energy yields increased by 0.6–30.1 % due to the enhanced hydrochar yield. The carbonization degree of hydrochar improved, the carbon in the feedstock distributed to the hydrochar increased from 33.40 % to 46.09 %. Moreover, the hydrochar showed more distinct pore channels, slightly improving its combustion activity. This study shows the efficacy of the combined pretreatment–HTC process and provides an experimental basis for the combined hydrothermal treatment of SSL.
研究领域:
环境科学
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能源工程
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
POSTHARVEST BIOLOGY AND TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 6.4
Yujie Liu,Xinyv Li,Chu Gong,Yonghong Cao,Jun Wang,Min Han,Jun-Li Yang
Anthracnose is a plant disease caused by Colletotrichum spp ., known for its widespread infectivity and extreme destructiveness. Colletotrichum gloeosporioides is a representative pathogen of anthracnose in China. Gypenosides GP4 - GP7 , derived from Gynostemma pentaphyllum (Thunb.) Makino, could significantly inhibit the growth of C. gloeosporioides mycelial, with EC 50 values of 96.98, 27.5, 38.48, and 61.59 mg L −1 . The inhibitory effect of these compounds surpassed the commonly used chemical pesticide chlorothalonant and plant-derived pesticide matrine. Among them, the most active compound GP5 also showed a significant inhibitory effect on spore germination and bud tube elongation of C. gloeosporioides . In addition, GP5 could effectively suppress the spread of anthracnose spots in postharvest fruit. Transmission electron microscopy and fluorescence microscopy demonstrated that GP5 primarily exerted its antifungal function by activating cellular autophagy. Additionally, proteomics analysis revealed that GP5 had an antifungal effect against C. gloeosporioides by enhancing cellular autophagy through upregulation of the expression of the autophagy-related protein Atg8. This study presents a novel approach for the control and management of anthracnose in C. gloeosporioides . Consequently, GP5 has the potential to be developed as a plant-derived fungicide for the biological control of anthracnose.
研究领域:
植物病理学
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分子生物学
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植物化学
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农学
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产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）