Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2018
·Vol. 6
·期 32
·15738-15746
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IF 9.931
Lie Yang,Liu-Yang Sun,Rong-Rong Zhang,Ya-Wen Xu,Xiao-Hui Ning,Yuan-Bin Qin,R. Lakshmi Narayan,Ju Li,Zhi-Wei Shan
SnOx exhibits a much larger theoretical capacity compared to graphite as an anode material in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, the cycling stability and initial coulombic efficiency (ICE) of SnOx based electrodes need to be improved. In this study, by coating carbon on a dried SnOx electrode film using one-step chemical vapor deposition, a SnOx#C composite is obtained, wherein ∼70 nm sized SnOx nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed and embedded in a carbon matrix. Owing to its relatively small electrochemical surface area and mechanical robustness, the ICE is largely improved from ∼40% to >65%. Besides, a Li-matched full cell with 36% excess LiCoO2 cathode material can run stably for more than 100 cycles at 0.1 A g−1, delivering a gravimetric and a volumetric capacity of 456 mA h g−1 and 644 mA h cm−3, respectively, which are superior to graphite. The lithiation/delithiation process of SnOx#C observed using an in situ transmission electron microscope technique reveals that the embedded structure expands by only ∼5%. Besides, the thickness increment of the electrode film after 100 cycles is measured to be 32%, which is much smaller than the acceptable 50% in the LIB industry, illustrating the good stability of the solid-electrolyte interphase (SEI) skeleton.
研究领域:
材料科学
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储能
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2021
·
IF 6.901
Yang Chen,Ning Wang,Shan Han,Martin Jensen,Xianfeng Li,Xingxiang Zhang
Tin oxide (SnO X ) nanomaterials have received attention as electrode materials due to their large theoretical capacitance, but their use remains limited due to cumbersome processing and limited electrical conductivity. In this work, SnO X nanoparticles, nanowires and nanorods embedded in a layered composite carbon hybrid nanofiber mat are prepared via blow-spinning followed by pre-oxidation and a high-temperature calcination self-assembly process in argon using stannous chloride and polyacrylonitrile as raw materials. As a result, a dual network conductive structure consisting of an upper SnOx nanostructure and underlying hybrid carbon nanofibers is created. The nanostructure morphology is controlled by reaction time through a transformation from nanoparticle to nanowire and lastly to nanorod and the potential formation and growth mechanism is discussed in detail. It is found that pre-oxidation introduces oxygen in the polyacrylonitrile that upon calcination into carbon nanofibers is released as oxygen containing gaseous substances that fuel transformation and oxidation of stannous chlorides and oxides into the self-assembled stannic oxide nanostructures in an approach applicable to other metal oxide structures. The SnO 2 nanowire carbon hybrid nanofibers mat (SnO 2 NW@CNFMs) exhibits the highest specific capacitance of 420.1 F g − 1 at a scan rate of 5 mV s − 1 and good cyclic stability of 92.5% capacitance retention after 3000 cycles at 1 A g − 1 which exceeds the performance in earlier reported studies of tin oxide nanomaterials. The high electrochemical properties combined with the novel preparation procedure presented in this study promote SnO 2 NW@CNFMs as a good choice for electrodes in electronic appliances and electric vehicles.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 13.3
Shuqing Nie,Wei Xiao,Shi Pan,Yuyang Jiang,Yu Xin,Chang Miao,Chengjin Liu,Junchao Zheng
Heterogeneous Sn/SnO x @N-doped carbon (Sn/SnO x @NC) microplates with oxygen vacancies evolved from plate-like SnO powders are successfully fabricated, in which SnO powders are converted into Sn, SnO 2 , and Sn 2 O 3 phases by rationally sintering and are perfectly in situ encapsulated by polyaniline-derived NC layer. By elaborately constructing the particular structure, high discharge specific capacity of 730.4 mAh/g and capacity retention ratio of 98.3 % after 110 cycles at 0.1 A/g are realized for optimal Sn/SnO x @NC composite electrode. Benefiting from enhanced electronic conductivity and Li + ions diffusion kinetics, the assembled cell delivers reversible discharge specific capacity of 487.3 mAh/g at 1.0 A/g after 500 cycles. First principles calculation and in / ex situ characterization reveal that in situ formed heterostructure with oxygen vacancies and NC layer synergistically improve interfacial charge transfer and reaction reversibility to promote lithium storage capability. Therefore, fabricating Sn/SnO x @NC microplates may provide a practical strategy to design heterogeneous and oxygen-deficient Sn-based anode materials for high-performance lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
Materials
·
2021
·Vol. 14
·期 7
·1803
·
IF 3.623
Yibo Ma,Xiaofeng Zhang,Weiming Liu,Youxiu Wei,Ziyi Fu,Jiuyong Li,Xuan Zhang,Jingjing Peng,Yue Yan
A batch of Sn oxides was fabricated by pulse direct current reactive magnetron sputtering (pDC−RMS) using different Ar/O2flow ratios at 0.3 Pa; the influence of stoichiometry on the physical and electrochemical properties of the films was evaluated by the characterization of scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray reflection (XRR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) and more. The results were as follows. First, the film surface transitioned from a particle morphology (roughness of 50.0 nm) to a smooth state (roughness of 3.7 nm) when Ar/O2flow ratios changed from 30/0 to 23/7; second, all SnOxfilms were in an amorphous state, some samples deposited with low O2flow ratios (≤2 sccm) still included metallic Sn grains. Therefore, the stoichiometry of SnOxcalculated by XPS spectra increased linearly from SnO0.0.08to SnO1.71as the O2flow ratios increased, and the oxidation degree was further calibrated by the average valence method and SnO2standard material. Finally, the electrochemical performance was confirmed to be improved with the increase in oxidation degree (x) in SnOx, and the SnO1.71film deposited with Ar/O2= 23/7 possessed the best cycle performance, reversible capacity of 396.1 mAh/g and a capacity retention ratio of 75.4% after 50 cycles at a constant current density of 44 μA/cm2.Keywords:tin oxide film;reactive magnetron sputtering;oxygen vacancy;cycle performance
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nano Energy
·
2019
·
IF 15.548
Ding-chuan Zuo,Sheng-chao Song,Chang-sheng An,Lin-bo Tang,Zhen-jiang He,Jun-chao Zheng
This study presents a nanostructured Sn/SnO x @Ti 3 C 2 composite by in-situ growth of Sn/SnO x nanoparticles on the interlayer of 2D MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanosheets through facile electrostatic attraction and liquid phase reduction. X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy results illustrate that Sn/SnO x nanoparticles are uniformly distributed into the MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) interlayer, forming a sandwich-like nanostructured composite. MXene (Ti 3 C 2 T x ) nanosheets suppress Sn/SnO x nanoparticles’ volume expansion and agglomeration and accelerate the Li-ion and electron transition due to the distinguished confinement effect and excellent graphite-like layered structure. Furthermore, Sn/SnO x nanoparticles are embedded as pillars to enhance the longitudinal structural stability of MXene matrix by preventing the re-stacking of nanosheets during lithium insertion/extraction. The nanosized particles still reduce lithium migration path and increase active areas. Therefore, the Sn/SnO x @Ti 3 C 2 composite maintains 594.2 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles with a capacity recovery after 100 cycles. The synergistic effect of Sn/SnO x on MXene facilitates Sn/SnO x @Ti 3 C 2 nanostructures , thereby exhibiting excellent electrochemical properties for lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
JOURNAL OF COLLOID AND INTERFACE SCIENCE
·
2024
·
IF 9.4
Nan Gao,Chenyu Li,Yanjie Xue,Yunpeng Wang,Haitao Ma
This paper introduced a novel continuous electrochemical synthesis strategy to address the challenges of slow ion/electron transport rates and low electrode reaction efficiency in Sn-based electrode materials. This approach leveraged the induction and confinement of bubble templates to assist atoms deposition, generating micron-sized tin skeletons. Subsequently, these skeletons were transformed into a secondary nanoporous structure through dissolution-deposition etching effects. From liquid-phase ions to metal skeletons to porous oxides, the sequential material transformations realized the innovative design of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical structures. This strategy ingeniously exploited the diffusion advantages of the electrolyte in the micro-nano hierarchical structure to achieve the diffusion enhancement of ions, thus solving the “dead surface” problem in the energy storage process. This study revealed the thermodynamic and kinetic feasibility of the constructed 3D micro-nano hierarchical structure through electrochemical evaluations and theoretical calculations, and elucidated the constitutive relationship in which the electrochemical performance of the electrode materials was enhanced with decreasing pore size. In addition, design optimization of pore structures and modelling exploration of pore size limit values were conducted based on density functional theory (DFT) simulations. These simulations demonstrated the advantages of hierarchical structures with controllable pore sizes in facilitating electrolyte ion diffusion, predicting an optimal pore size of 55 μm for 3D hierarchical porous SnO x electrodes. The integration of this innovative structural design with simulation insights offered significant implications for enhancing the sluggish electrode reaction kinetics of metal oxide electrode materials, advancing the controllable fabrication of high-performance energy storage devices.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
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能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Inorganic Chemistry Frontiers
·
2018
·Vol. 5
·期 4
·932-938
·
IF 5.106
Haocheng Yuan,Yuqiang Jin,Jinle Lan,Yuan Liu,Yunhua Yu,Xiaoping Yang
The poor reversibility of the first conversion reaction (SnO2 + 4Li+ + 4e− → Sn + 2Li2O) and the inferior electrical conductivity of the resulting Li2O make tin oxides not make full use of their lithium storage performance. In this study, various amounts of SnSe nanorods were in situ incorporated into SnOx@CNFs via electrospinning and thermal treatment processes. Binder-free SnSe/SnOx@CNFs exhibit a greatly enhanced lithium-ion storage performance due to their higher electrical conductivity, faster Li-ion diffusivity, and better reversible ability. The optimal SnSe/SnOx@CNFs exhibited a higher initial coulombic efficiency (86.5%) and better reversible capacity (740.7 mA h g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after 70 cycles) than pristine SnOx@CNFs (68.1%, 552 mA h g−1 at 200 mA g−1 after 70 cycles). Moreover, the high capacity of the SnSe/SnOx@CNF electrode can be maintained as high as 345 mA h g−1 at 1 A g−1 over 1000 cycles, demonstrating its robust long-term stability. This work provides new insights for designing high-performance tin-based anode materials for lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
CHINESE JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
·
2026
·
IF 3.5
Wang Xiang,Sien Yan,Weijie Wang,Ningwei Yang,Yan Wang,Tingting Kang,Linhuo Gan
As a high-quality carbon source, this study employed the gradient acid precipitation method to separate and extract bamboo lignin (BL) fractions from alkaline pulping black liquor, aiming to investigate the influence of BL fraction on the yield of lignin-derived carbon supported tin oxide (SnO x /LC) and its catalytic performance in the conversion of glucose to 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), utilizing various testing methods for detailed characterization. The characterization results revealed that SnO x /LC-2 was thermally stable with both Lewis acid and Brønsted acid sites, and the Sn element was uniformlmly dispersed on carbon carrier surface. In addition, with decreasing pH of black liquor, the molecular weight and polydispersity of BL fraction were significantly reduced, and its structural homogeneity was effectively improved. More importantly, the relative content of syringl unit and the content difference between phenolic hydroxyl and carboxylic acid groups in the structure of BL fractions both showed linear negative correlations with 5-HMF yield, which revealed the constitutive relationship between the molecular structural features of lignin and the catalytic performance of SnO x /LC, thus contributing to the high-value utilization of industrial lignin.
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
Journal of Energy Storage
·
2023
·
IF 9.4
Yuanxin Cao,Minglu Su,Tiantian Bi,Yunhong Zhou,Xialan Zhan,Qilang Lin
Utilizing tin and its oxides (SnO x , x = 0/1/2) as anode confront the main problems like large volume expansion and poor electrical conductivity during cycling. As an efficient solution, a three-dimensional (3D) graphitic hierarchical porous carbon (HPC) with highly fluffy structure was employed as a support for fabrication of HPC/SnO x @nitrogen-doped carbon (NC) composite. The resulting HPC/SnO x @NC composite presented an effective dual‑carbon confinement structure with 3D conductive network and high-quality carbon coatings. The unique structure played significant roles in restricting the expansion of Sn and its oxides as well as enhancing their ion/electron transport efficiency. The as-prepared composite exhibited a maintained reversible specific capacity of 644 mAh g −1 after 200 cycles at 1000 mA g −1 . In addition, it presented a high specific capacity of 1458 mAh g −1 at 100 mA g −1 and 858 mAh g −1 at 5000 mA g −1 (58.8 % capacitance retention), and meanwhile showed a remarkable cycling stability with a high capacity retention of 63 % (333 mAh g −1 ) after 850 cycles at 5000 mA g −1 . Therefore, the HPC/SnO x @NC composite has the potential to be a new generation of LIBs anode.
✓ 已验证
DOI
高影响因子
NANOTECHNOLOGY
·
2014
·Vol. 25
·期 13
·135403
·
IF 3.672
Yingqiang Huang,Zhicheng Zhai,Zhigang Luo,Yingju Liu,Zhurong Liang,Yueping Fang
Unique SnOx (x = 1,2)/ordered mesoporous carbon nanocomposites (denoted as SnOx/OMC) are firstly synthesized through a 'one-pot' synthesis together with the soft template self-assembly approach. The obtained SnOx/OMC nanocomposites with various SnOx contents exhibit uniform pore sizes between 3.9 and 4.2 nm, high specific surface areas between 497 and 595 m2 g−1, and high pore volumes between 0.39 and 0.48 cm3 g−1. With loading of Pt, Pt–SnOx/OMC with relatively low SnOx content exhibits superior electrocatalytic performance, long-term durability, and resistance to CO poisoning for methanol oxidation, as compared to Pt/OMC, PtRu/C and Pt–SnOx/C, which may be attributed not only to the synergetic effect of embedded SnOx, but also to the highly ordered mesostructure with high specific surface areas and large pore volumes affording plenty of surface area for support of Pt nanoparticles. This work supplies an efficient way to synthesize novel ordered mesoporous carbon self-supported metallic oxide as catalyst support and its further potential application to reduce the cost of catalysts in direct methanol fuel cells.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源化学
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Nanoscale
·
2019
·Vol. 11
·期 16
·7744-7753
·
IF 6.97
Zhen Shen,Yi Hu,Renzhong Chen,Xia He,Keshi Wu,Zhongling Cheng,Peng Pan,Liyuan Jiang,Jieting Mao,Changke Ni
This paper reports a fast and efficient excimer ultraviolet (EUV) radiation method to prepare carbon-coated mixed tin oxide-loaded exfoliated graphite (SnOx@C-G) nanocomposites. The SnOx small nanoparticles (SNPs) are isolated using oxidized sucrose and uniformly deposited onto mildly oxidized exfoliated graphite during the 20-minute EUV radiation process. XPS and ESR analyses suggest the existence of abundant oxygen vacancies in the SnOx SNPs. The electrochemical kinetics of SnOx@C-G, which are determined by in situ electrochemical impedance analysis, demonstrated a high reversible capacity of approximately 740 mA h g−1 after 250 cycles at a current density of 1.6 A g−1, and an impressive reversible rate performance exceeding 450 mA h g−1 can be obtained even at a high current density of 3.2 A g−1 when applied as an anode for lithium storage. This improved cycling stability and rate capability benefit from the carbon coating, which not only buffers the volume change of SnOx SNPs but also provides a path for electron transport on the surface of the SnOx SNPs during the electrochemical process. Furthermore, the oxygen vacancies in SnOx SNPs result in a large capacitive contribution to capacity. The EUV radiation method used to synthesize SnOx@C-graphite nanosheets is universally applicable to prepare a high-performance SNPs/carbon-based anode for lithium-ion batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
能源存储
✓ 已验证
DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
APPLIED CATALYSIS B-ENVIRONMENTAL
·
2021
·
IF 19.503
Jigang Wang,Shunlian Ning,Mi Luo,Dong Xiang,Wei Chen,Xiongwu Kang,Zheng Jiang,Shaowei Chen
SnO 2 has been recognized as excellent catalyst towards formate production from electrochemical CO 2 reduction (CO 2 R). However, it is a great challenge to prepare SnO 2 that is stable under the working condition of CO 2 R and the active center of the SnO 2 -based catalyst towards CO 2 R has been illusive. In this work, Sn-In alloy nanoparticles display an InSn 4 intermetallic core and an amorphous In-doped tin oxide shell and a CO 2 -to-formate faradaic efficiency of 94% and a current density of 236 mA cm −2 was achieved at −0.98 V. Operando X-ray absorption and Raman spectroscopy reveal that the In-doped tin oxide shell remains stable under CO 2 R condition. Density functional theory calculations indicate that the In-doped tin oxide results in the formation of oxygen vacancy, stabilized tin oxide shell and exergonic pathway for CO 2 -to-formate, which might account for the high performance of the catalysts towards CO 2 R.
研究领域:
材料科学
·
电化学
·
催化
·
可持续能源
✓ 已验证
产品关联
DOI
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）