International Journal of Electrochemical Science
·
2023
·Vol. 14
·期 7
·6478-6487
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IF 1.5
Yuhan Yao,Zhiwen Wang,Xiaohua Yu,Yingjie Zhang,Jianguo Duan,Chengyi Zhu,Zhitong Hu,Zhengjun Shen,Qiang Wang,Zhaolin Zhan,Peng Dong,Yannan Zhang
LiMn 2 O 4 @Al 2 O 3 cathode materials for lithium ion batteries are prepared through an sol-gel method with the assistance of tert-butanol. A uniform amorphous Al 2 O 3 layer is formed on the surface of LiMn 2 O 4 under the control of the hydrolysis mechanism of aluminum ion (Al 3+ ) and hydroxyl group (OH). The products are investigated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), power X-ray diffraction (XRD), galvanostatic charge-discharge test system, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy(EIS) and inductively-coupled plasma emission spectrograph (ICP-AES). Structural and surface analysis reveal that the crystal structure and overall morphology of the LiMn 2 O 4 electrode are found to be not significant unaffected by Al 2 O 3 coating. Notably, the Al 2 O 3 -coating assistant by tert-butanol can produce a compact amorphous layer on the LiMn 2 O 4 particles, and displays capacity losses of only 92.2% after 100 cycles at 55 o C, which is much better than bare sample and the sample synthesized without the assistant of tert-butanol. Furthermore, EIS and ICP analyses show that the Al 2 O 3 coating assisted by tert-butanol significantly improves the electro-conductivity and relieves the dissolution of Mn in electrolyte.
研究领域:
材料科学
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电化学
·
储能
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Acta Crystallographica Section C-Structural Chemistry
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2014
·Vol. 70
·期 11
·1050-1053
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IF 0.535
Li X.,Wang Z.-G.,Chen H.-H.,Liu S.-G.
The title compound, C18H28O3, was prepared by the reaction of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol with methyl acrylate under basic conditions using dimethyl sulfoxide as the promoter. The structure of this antioxidant indicates significant strain between the ortho tert-butyl substituents and the phenolic OH group. In spite of the steric crowding of the OH group, it participates in intermolecular hydrogen bonding with the ester carbonyl O atom.
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Molecular Catalysis
·
2025
·
IF 4.9
Qian Li,Liang Gao,Hao Zou,Yibin Luo,Xingtian Shu,Hao Wang
The dehydration-Prins condensation of tert‑butanol (TBA) and paraformaldehyde to produce 4,4-dimethyl-1,3-dioxane (DMD) was investigated using Hβ zeolites with a controlled Si/Al ratio. The acidic properties, including type, strength, and density, were systematically characterized, revealing that both total acid density and weak Brønsted acid density critically govern DMD selectivity. Specifically, reducing the weak Brønsted acid density from 204.91 to 92.94 μmol/g resulted in an 18 % decrease in DMD selectivity. Reaction pathway analysis identified the dehydration of TBA to isobutene as the key initial step. Furthermore, the introduction of extra-framework aluminum species enhanced the Lewis acid density and the Brønsted-to-Lewis (B/L) acid ratio. TBA dehydration experiments confirmed that Lewis acids originating from extra-framework aluminum significantly promote this critical step. Under the optimized conditions of 125 °C, 3.0 MPa, 0.417 mol of paraformaldehyde, 0.208 mol of TBA, 20 wt % H 2 O, and 1.7 wt % Hβ22, the conversion of TBA reached 59.1 %, the selectivity for DMD was 57.3 %, and the main by-product was identified as an over-condensation product with a 1,3-dioxane structure.
研究领域:
催化化学
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有机化学
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物理化学
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材料科学
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化学反应工程
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SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA PART A-MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Yuyue Yan,Liyuan Liu,Guanhua Ren,Xueqian Zhang,Chunmei Ouyang,Hongwei Zhao,Jiaguang Han
The co-solvent system of tert -butanol and water is commonly employed in the field of freeze-drying pharmaceuticals. Investigating the phase composition and behavior of this system at low temperatures contributes to furthering its applications. In this study, THz-TDS was used to investigate the melting process of the frozen tert -butanol-water binary system for the first time. Utilizing the THz fingerprint peaks, we discovered that following the initial freezing, the system only formed metastable dihydrate tert -butanol, but near the melting point, it transformed into stable heptahydrate tert -butanol. This transition did not occur at high tert -butanol contents. Combining DFT calculations, all observed absorption peaks were attributed to the low-frequency vibration modes of each crystal. A phase diagram of the tert -butanol-water binary system was constructed based on the difference in absorbance intensity between the solid and liquid phases. The results demonstrate the potential of THz spectroscopy for applications in pharmaceutical freeze-drying.
研究领域:
药学
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物理化学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Polymers
·
2024
·Vol. 16
·期 7
·984
·
IF 4.7
Xin Li,Rongrong Zheng,Cheng Wang,Haiyang Chang,Shuwu Chen,Liyan Wang,Xue Cui,Yutao Liu,Junhao Li,Guangning Yu,Ji Shi
The design of high-performance polyimide (PI) films and understanding the relationship of the structure–dielectric property are of great significance in the field of the microelectronics industry, but are challenging. Herein, we describe the first work to construct a series of novel tert-butyl PI films (denoted as PI-1, PI-2, PI-3, and PI-4) based on a low-temperature polymerization strategy, which employed tetracarboxylic dianhydride (pyromellitic anhydride, 3,3′,4,4′-biphenyl tetracarboxylic anhydride, 4,4′-diphenyl ether dianhydride, and 3,3′,4,4′-benzophenone tetracarboxylic anhydride) and 4,4′-diamino-3,5-ditert butyl biphenyl ether as monomers. The results indicate that introducing tert-butyl branches in the main chain of PIs can enhance the free volume of the molecular chain and reduce the interaction between molecular chains of PI, resulting in a low dielectric constant. Particularly, the optimized PI-4 exhibits an excellent comprehensive performance with a high (5) wt% loss temperature (454 °C), tensile strength (117.40 MPa), and maximum hydrophobic angle (80.16°), and a low dielectric constant (2.90), which outperforms most of the results reported to date.
研究领域:
材料科学
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微电子学
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PubMed
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CHINESE CHEMICAL LETTERS
·
2022
·
IF 8.455
Kun An,Jia Gao,Yihang Chen,Jingjing Nie,Yongjin Li,Junting Xu,Binyang Du
A series of linear poly(ethylene oxide)- b -poly(4-vinylbenzyl chloride)- b -poly(4‑ ter t-butylstyrene) (PEO 113 - b -PVBC 130 - b -P t BS x or E 113 V 130 T x ) triblock terpolymers with various lengths x (=20, 33, 66, 104, 215) of P t BS block were synthesized via a two-step reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer (RAFT) polymerization. The E 113 V 130 T x triblock terpolymers were non-crystalline because the PVBC and P t BS blocks strongly hindered the crystallization of PEO block. The effects of P t BS block length x on the phase structures of E 113 V 130 T x triblock terpolymers were investigated by combined techniques of small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). It was found that with increasing x from 20 to 215, the phase structure of E 113 V 130 T x triblock terpolymers became more ordered and changed from disordered structure , hexagonally-packed cylinder (HEX), hexagonally perforated layer (HPL), to lamellar (LAM) phase structures. Temperature-variable SAXS measurements showed that the HEX, HPL and LAM phase structures obtained for E 113 V 130 T 66 , E 113 V 130 T 104 and E 113 V 130 T 215 by thermal annealing, respectively, were thermodynamically stable in the temperature range of 30–170 °C.
研究领域:
材料科学
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高分子化学
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DOI
高影响因子
TALANTA
·
2010
·
IF 3.29
Huili Zhang,Lichun Zhang,Jing Hu,Pingyang Cai,Yi Lv
This work proposed a gas sensor for the determination of tert-butyl mercaptan, one of the highly toxic volatile sulfur compounds , which was based on cataluminescence emission during its catalytic oxidation on the surface of nanosized V 2 O 5 . The cataluminescence characteristics and the optimum conditions, including the morphology of sensing material, the wavelength of cataluminescence emission, the oxygen flow rate and working temperature were investigated in detail. Under the optimized conditions, the calibration curve of the relative cataluminescence intensity versus the concentration of tert-butyl mercaptan vapor was made, with the linear range of 5.6–196 μg mL −1 and the detection limit of 0.5 μg mL −1 ( S / N = 3). The relative standard deviation (R.S.D.) ( n = 5) of relative cataluminescence intensity for 84 μg mL −1 tert-butyl mercaptan was 3.6%. There is no or weak response to some common substances, such as formic acid , alcohol (methanol, ethanol, propanol, isopropanol, n -butanol, isoamyl alcohol), o -dichlorobenzene, acetonitrile , ethyl acetate , aldehyde (formaldehyde, acetaldehyde and propanal), 1,2-dichloroethane and ammonia. Furthermore, the proposed sensor was successfully used for determining tert-butyl mercaptan in four artificial samples, with a good recovery. The results demonstrated that the proposed gas sensor had a promising capability for the tert-butyl mercaptan in routine monitoring.
研究领域:
分析化学
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环境科学
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DOI
PubMed
高影响因子
Materials Today Communications
·
2025
·
IF 4.5
Zeyu Li,Shun Shi,Tong Yuan,Desheng Kong,Jianfeng Qian,Jiaojiao Ma,Haiquan Guo
To solve the problem of aqueous development of photosensitive polyimide (PSPI) in the advanced packaging field at this stage through the main chain structure design which leads to its poor thermal and mechanical properties, this paper proposes a new structural design method based on the side-chain-type polyamide ester (PAE, PSPI precursor) to achieve aqueous development of PSPI. The method introduces a water-soluble tertiary ammonium salt group into the PAE side chain to obtain a water-soluble side-chain polyamide ester, which in combination with the solvation inhibitor diazonaphthoquinone (DNQ), can achieve high-resolution aqueous development patterning (up to 1 μm). The tertiary ammonium salt-containing side chain is completely removed in the imidisation stage, which does not affect the properties of the main chain of PSPI itself. The method was applied to three PSPIs with different rigid structures, and good thermal and mechanical properties of the PSPIs were obtained while aqueous development patterning was achieved, which proved the practicality of the method.
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RSC Advances
·
2016
·Vol. 6
·期 101
·98761-98767
·
IF 3.289
Liqun Ma,Shaobo Dong,Zijian He,Yulin Yang,Hongge Jia,Yutao Di,Yanan Tang,Yazhen Wang
In order to develop a new silane coupling agent that can be used as coupling agent and initiator, (3-(tert-butylperoxy)propyl)trimethoxysilane was synthesized by using tert-butyl hydroperoxide and (3-chloropropyl) trimethoxysilane. The new reagent was characterized by 1H-NMR, FT-IR and mass spectroscopy. The thermokinetics of the new reagent was investigated, including thermal stability, decomposition constants (Kd), activation energy (Ea), the heat of decomposition (ΔH) and pre-exponential factor (Ad). In addition, the application of (3-(tert-butylperoxy)propyl)trimethoxysilane on modificating nano-TiO2 and initiating polymerization was studied. The structures of the products of modificating nano-TiO2 and initiating polymerization were verified by XPS, FT-IR. The results indicated that the new reagent had the characteristics of a coupling agent and initiator.
研究领域:
材料化学
·
高分子科学
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DOI
高影响因子
Catalysis Science & Technology
·
2015
·Vol. 5
·期 9
·4602-4612
·
IF 5.426
Feifei Yang,Shuguang Zhang,Z. Conrad Zhang,Jingbo Mao,Shenmin Li,Jingmei Yin,Jinxia Zhou
Biodiesel is a sustainable and environmentally compatible diesel fuel substitute that presents certain limitations, particularly low-temperature flow properties, which are attributable to its long fatty chain structure. Branched alkyl derivates such as tertiary butyl ethers are efficient biodiesel additives for improved cold flow behaviour of biodiesel. In this study, tert-butoxymethylfurfural (tBMF) is synthesised as a biodiesel additive through etherification of 5-hydroxymethylfurfural (5-HMF), a non-edible biomass-derived building block, with isobutene (IB) on a series of acid zeolites and liquid acids. The catalytic activity and selectivity of a zeolite catalyst involve not only optimisation of the number and strength of its acidic sites and adsorption properties but also promotion of its internal pore space. Efficient solvent systems did not include extremely weakly polar or strongly polar solvents but included moderately polar solvents, such as glycol dimethyl ether which presents suitable hydrophilic/hydrophobic properties. The HY zeolite with a SiO2/Al2O3 mole ratio of 12 in combination with glycol dimethyl ether solvent exhibited an excellent tBMF selectivity of 94 mol% with 59 mol% 5-HMF conversion after 3 h of reaction at 60 °C. Side reactions of 5-HMF dimerisation and the IB oligomerisation were minimal under mild reaction conditions. The activity of the deactivated catalyst was fully recovered by calcination in air, and a detailed deactivation mechanism was proposed.
研究领域:
化学工程
·
可再生能源
·
催化科学
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ELECTROANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2022
·
IF 4.598
Tao Huang,Rongrong Zheng,Haiyang Chang,Di Ma,Haijun Niu
For the lack of new chemical system, the primary battery can only use metal as negative materials and transition metal oxide as positive materials, resulting in mineral resources and environmental problems. Here, we reported an organic primary battery. The negative electrode was sodium tert-pentoxide and the positive electrode was citric acid, and it was a new full organic electrochemical system. By DFT calculation, it is determined that the sodium-oxygen binding energy of sodium tert-pentoxide is 58 kcal/mol, indicating that sodium tert-pentoxide can release electrons in electrochemical reaction. The existence of stable sodiation state at room temperature is a necessary condition for the negative electrode material of organic primary battery, and sodium tert-pentoxide meets this condition. The positive citric acid was prepared from fruit lemon, which was green and environment-friendly. The voltage of the organic primary battery is 1.1 V and the capacity is 79 mAhg −1 . Because both positive and negative materials are organic materials, the waste of organic primary batteries is easier to deal with than inorganic primary batteries.
研究领域:
材料科学
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环境科学
·
电化学
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高影响因子
International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health
·
2023
·Vol. 20
·期 6
·4902
·
IF 4.614
Ruiqi Wu,Ning Liu,Chengna Dai,Ruinian Xu,Ning Wang,Gangqiang Yu,Biaohua Chen
N2O is a greenhouse gas and a candidate oxidant. Volatile organic pollutants (VOCs) have caused great harm to the atmospheric ecological environment. Developing the technique utilizing N2O as the oxidant to oxidize VOCs to realize the collaborative purification has significant importance and practical value for N2O emission control and VOC abatement. Therefore, the study of N2O catalytic oxidation of tert-butanol based on zeolite catalysts was carried out. A series of molecular sieves, including FER, MOR, ZSM-5, Y, and BEA, were selected as the catalyst objects, and the 1.5% wt Fe and Co were, respectively, loaded on the zeolite catalysts via the impregnation method. It was found that the catalytic performance of BEA was the best among the molecular sieves. Comparing the catalytic performance of Fe-BEA under different load gradients (0.25~2%), it was found that 1.5% Fe-BEA possessed the best catalytic activity. A series of characterization methods showed that Fe3+content in 1.5% Fe-BEA was the highest, and more active sites formed to promote the catalytic reaction. The α-O in the reaction eventually oxidized tert-butanol to CO2over the active site. The Co mainly existed in the form of Co2+cations over Co-BEA samples; the 2% Co-BEA possessing higher amounts of Co2+exhibited the highest activity among the prepared Co-BEA samples.
研究领域:
环境科学
·
催化化学
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PubMed
高影响因子
危险品化学品经营许可证（带存储）