ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
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2019
·
IF 8.456
Ershuai Jiang,Yuqian Ai,Jin Yan,Nan Li,Liujin Lin,Zenggui Wang,Chunhui Shou,Baojie Yan,Yuheng Zeng,Jiang Sheng,Jichun Ye
Tin oxide (SnO2) is widely used in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as an electron transport layer (ETL) material. However, its high surface trap density has already become a strong factor limiting PSC development. In this work, phosphoric acid is adopted to eliminate the SnO2 surface dangling bonds to increase electron collection efficiency. The phosphorus mainly exists at the boundaries in the form of chained phosphate groups, bonding with which more than 47.9% of Sn dangling bonds are eliminated. The reduction of surface trap states depresses the electron transport barriers, thus the electron mobility increases about 3 times when the concentration of phosphoric acid is optimized with 7.4 atom % in the SnO2 precursor. Furthermore, the stability of the perovskite layer deposited on the phosphate-passivated SnO2 (P-SnO2) ETL is gradually improved with an increase of the concentration. Due to the higher electron collection efficiency, the P-SnO2 ETLs can dramatically promote the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of the PSCs. As a result, the champion PSC has a PCE of 21.02%. Therefore, it has been proved that this simple method is efficient to improve the quality of ETL for high-performance PSCs.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2019
·
IF 4.175
Yue Qiang,Jian Cheng,Ying Qi,Haokun Shi,Haichao Liu,Cong Geng,Yahong Xie
In order to meet the demand for fabricating flexible and wearable solar cell products, low-temperature preparation technology of perovskite solar cells (PSCs) has become critical. As a highly promising electron transport layer (ETL) material, SnO 2 has many advantages, such as high charge mobility, wide band gap, and could be prepared at relatively low temperatures. However, the application of SnO 2 -based PSCs is limited by the expensive hole transport material (HTM) and electrode material (e.g. spiro-OMeTAD and gold) in the common device structure. In this paper, with SnO 2 as the ETL, cheap carbon as the counter electrode, HTM–free PSCs structured as FTO/SnO 2 /CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 /Carbon was fabricated by the full low-temperature technology. The thickness of the SnO 2 ETL was optimized by adjusting the concentration of the SnO 2 precursor. The highest PCE of 8.32% was obtained and after 32 days in an air environment without packaging, the PCE still remained approximately 92% of its original performance. The factors affecting the stability of the cell were analyzed according to the structure of the PSCs.
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高影响因子
APPLIED CLAY SCIENCE
·
2019
·
IF 3.89
Peng Zhang,Jian Wang,Yu Jia,Wenqing Li,Xiaoling Tan,Dan Zhang,Shaonan Xu,Peiping Zhang,Cundi Wei,Shiding Miao
The Co-based spinel nanocrystals were fabricated by thermal decomposition of clay cages comprised with Laponite (LP) that were assembled on ZIF-67 frameworks (LP@ZIF-67). Spinel phases included Co 3 O 4 , FeCo 2 O 4 and MgCo 2 O 4 were produced and encapsulated within the Laponite cages (LP@spinel). The prepared materials were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), N 2 adsorption-desorption, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and thermogravimetric analyses (TGA). It was indicated that the porous structure of Laponite and ZIF-67 was preserved after annealing at the temperature of ~400 °C. The XPS showed the binding energy of Co 2P in sample of LP@spinel shifted to lower values compared to the Co 3 O 4 which was obtained by annealing the pure phase of ZIF-67, and this demonstrates the catalytically active Co-centers were (220) facet-exposed in spinel nanocrystals. The material LP@spinel shares mesoporous structure with surface area of 135 m 2 ·g − 1 . The LP@spinel was found to exhibit brilliant performance on aerobic oxidation of cyclohexane to get cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol (KA oil). At a preset O 2 pressure of 2.0 MPa, the catalysis showed an outstanding conversion at 17.2% and the selectivity was found to reach 95.3% of KA oil for a typical reaction t = 5.0 h at T = 150 °C.
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高影响因子
Materials Today Energy
·
2019
·
IF 0
Ershuai Jiang,Jin Yan,Yuqian Ai,Nan Li,Baojie Yan,Yuheng Zeng,Jiang Sheng,Jichun Ye
In this work, we present the self-passivation of tin oxide (SnO x ) electron transporting layer (ETL) induced by manipulatively filling the oxygen vacancies for perovskite solar cells (PSCs). The oxygen component of SnO x ETL is tuned by the annealing under the oxygen (O 2 ) atmosphere to control the trap state density for high electron collection efficiency. With increasing the O 2 content when annealing, oxygen vacancies of SnO x ETL are filled gradually, with the x of SnO x being up to 1.84, while the crystalline structure grown better to be rutile. Furthermore, the measurement of electron transport dynamic demonstrates that the SnO x ETL is benefit for electron collection after O 2 -annealed, and receiving high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of PSCs. The PSC based on the O 2 -annealed SnO x ETL yields an average PCE of over 19%, much higher than 17.81% of that after N 2 -annealing. The O 2 -annealed PSC gives a champion PCE of 20.40%, with a short current density of 24.41 mAcm −2 , an open circuit voltage of 1.14 V and a fill factor of 73.37%. Therefore, the annealing is an efficient and simple way to control the quality of SnO x ETL for the high performance PSCs.
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ACS Applied Energy Materials
·
2019
·
IF 0
Zhixin Zhang,Xinshu Luo,Bin Wang,Jingbo Zhang
To improve electron transport rate of perovskite solar cells, a ZIF-8-derived porous carbon skeleton layer is prepared by carbonizing the ZIF-8 thin film on conducting glass as the electron transport skeleton of a perovskite solar cell. Polyvinylpyrrolidone is added during the synthesis of ZIF-8 to reduce the particle size of ZIF-8 and decrease the carbonization temperature below 600 °C. The porous structure of ZIF-8 is mainly reserved at the optimized carbonization temperature. Then, TiO2 nanoparticles are deposited on the surface of a porous carbon skeleton to form an electron transport layer of a perovskite solar cell with the structure of FTO/ZIF-8-derived porous carbon layer/TiO2/perovskite/spiro-OMeTAD/Au. Because of the good conductivity of the ZIF-8-derived porous carbon skeleton, the photogenerated electron transport rate of the perovskite solar cell is increased. At the same time, the porous structure of the ZIF-8-derived carbon layer increases the contact area between the perovskite layer and the TiO2 layer to favor separation of photogenerated charges. Therefore, the light-to-electric conversion efficiency of the CH3NH3PbI3 perovskite solar cell is enhanced from 14.25% to 17.32%.
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JOURNAL OF SOLID STATE CHEMISTRY
·
2019
·
IF 2.291
Zhixin Zhang,Xinshu Luo,Jie Ding,Jingbo Zhang
Methylamine lead iodide (CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 ) perovskite thin film solar cell has attracted much attention due to its low cost and high photoelectric conversion efficiency. Preparation of high quality perovskite thin film is the key to obtain high conversion efficiency of solar cells. Here, the pinhole-free CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 layer with high coverage and smooth surface is prepared by the one-step solution method in air with ethylacetate as anti-solvent on an electron transport hybrid layer of TiO 2 nanoparticles coated porous carbon . The effect of ethylacetate as anti-solvent on the quality of perovskite thin film is studied in detail by comparing with chlorobenzene and ethylether. The high saturation and humidity resistance of ethylacetate in air control the nucleation and growing kinetics of perovskite crystals during the spin coating process, which facilitates the formation of uniform pinhole-free perovskite thin films. The perovskite solar cell based on the prepared high quality thin film achieves the highest conversion efficiency of 17.41% in ambient air with a relative humidity of 35%, which is superior to the perovskite thin films prepared with chlorobenzene and ethylether (conversion efficiency of 10.80% and 10.20%). The higher light-to-electric conversion efficiency is due to high coverage of the pinhole-free perovskite thin film and good contact with the electron transport layer and the hole transport layer.
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高影响因子
Journal of Materials Chemistry A
·
2018
·Vol. 7
·期 3
·1124-1137
·
IF 9.931
Liangxin Zhu,Chong Chen,Fumin Li,Zhitao Shen,Yujuan Weng,Qingsong Huang,Mingtai Wang
To improve the charge separation and transport efficiency in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) with a TiO2-based hybrid mesoscopic/planar architecture, CdS and Cd(SCN2H4)2Cl2 are incorporated into the CH3NH3PbI3 active layer through in situ synthesis to prepare CdS:Cd(SCN2H4)2Cl2:CH3NH3PbI3 bulk-heterojunction films for PSCs. The incorporated CdS and Cd(SCN2H4)2Cl2 improve the quality of perovskite films. Moreover, Cd(SCN2H4)2Cl2 can effectively reduce the defect state density on the CH3NH3PbI3 crystal surface, which decreases charge recombination and facilitates charge transport in PSCs. Furthermore, first-principles calculations show that the I atom of CH3NH3PbI3 has a strong interaction with the Cd atom of CdS, which induces interfacial charge redistribution and charge transfer at the CH3NH3PbI3/CdS interface and therefore decreases the energy of the CH3NH3PbI3:CdS composite system, leading to more efficient electron–hole separation and improved structural stability of the perovskite bulk-heterojunction film. For the above reasons, the CdS:Cd(SCN2H4)2Cl2:CH3NH3PbI3 bulk-heterojunction cell shows much higher efficiency and better stability than the PSCs with pure CH3NH3PbI3. The highest efficiency reaches 20.1%, which is 1.16 times that (17.3%) of the PSCs with pure CH3NH3PbI3 and is also much higher than those of previously reported CH3NH3PbI3 PSCs with a compact/mesoporous TiO2 film. Our research results may provide a new understanding for improving the structural stability and performance of PSCs.
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高影响因子
MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2018
·Vol. 185
·期 12
·1-10
·
IF 5.705
Ge Yu,Camarada María Belén,Xu Lanjiao,Qu Mingren,Liang Huan,Zhao Erlong,Li Mingfang,Wen Yangping
A nanocomposite was prepared from graphene-like two-dimensional black phosphorene (BP, an allotrope of phosphorus) and nafion (Nf) treated with isopropanol (IP). A glassy carbon electrode (GCE) modified with this nanocomposite was found to be a viable sensor for voltammetric determination of clenbuterol (CLB). Unlike previously reported pure BP, the BP nanocomposite was stable towards water and oxygen. Its morphology, structure, electrochemically active surface area and electrochemical stability were investigated. The BP-Nf (IP) modified GCE displayed good electrochemical stability and electrocatalytic capacity with a low working potential of 0.94 V (vs. SCE), excellent peak current response for CLB in a linear concentration range of 0.06–24 μM with a detection limit of 3.7 nM (3σ/m) and a sensitivity of 0.14 μA·μM −1 ·cm −2 under optimal conditions. A sensing mechanism for the electro-oxidation of CLB was suggested and verified by density functional theory calculations under imitation of aqueous solution conditions. The sensor was successfully applied to the determination of CLB in bovine meat and bovine serum samples.
Highly-stable black phosphorene (BP) nanocomposite based on Nafion (Nf) was used to modify a glassy carbon electrode (GCE). It is shonw to be a viable electrochemical platform for sensitive voltammetric determination of trace clenbuterol (CLB) in bovine beef and bovine serum.
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高影响因子
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
·
2018
·Vol. 29
·期 24
·21138-21144
·
IF 2.324
Zhu Wentao,Lv Yanqi,Chen Huanhuan,Yang Jiawei,Zhou Xingfu
TiO 2 nanorod arrays of crystalline Cd, Y-co-doped rutile were synthesized and successfully assembled in perovskite solar cells (PSCs) as the photoanode. In this work, CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3−x Cl x was used as the light absorber and spiro -OMeTAD as hole transport material (HTM). The synthesized TiO 2 nanorod arrays were investigated by field emission-scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD) and UV–Vis diffused reflectance. FE-SEM images indicate that the co-doped TiO 2 nanorod arrays were slightly sparser and shorter in length than that of un-doped ones. XRD pattern demonstrates that the as-prepared TiO 2 nanorod arrays were rutile phase. The UV–Vis spectrum proves that the co-doped samples possess higher light scattering intensity than the un-doped samples, which may contribute to improve the short current density of PSCs. And the band gap of the TiO 2 nanorod shows a positive shift when doped with cadmium and ytterbium. Furthermore, a negative shift in the flat-band potential (V fb ) was also observed. Finally, the device based on co-doped TiO 2 nanorod arrays has improved open circuit voltage (V oc ) and short circuit current density (J sc ). A higher power conversion efficiency (η) of 9.06% was obtained for the co-doped device while 8.12% for the un-doped TiO 2 nanorod arrays. This paper opens a door to multi-element co-doped 1-D nanostructured materials for the improving the open circuit voltage and short circuit current density of perovskite solar cells.
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高影响因子
Solar RRL
·
2019
·Vol. 3
·期 7
·1900020
·
IF 0
Xueyan Shan,Shimao Wang,Weiwei Dong,Ning Pan,Jingzhen Shao,Xiangqi Wang,Ruhua Tao,Zanhong Deng,Linhua Hu,Fantai Kong,Gang Meng,Xiaodong Fang
For perovskite solar cells (PSCs), the surface traps of perovskite films have great influence on the charge carrier behavior at the interface of perovskite and charge transport layers. In this investigation, a 248 nm KrF excimer laser with high photon energy and shallow penetration depth is introduced to perform surface modification on the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 film through irradiation for reducing its surface trap density for the first time. A whole excimer laser surface modification (ELSM) process can be completed in few seconds, and the actual interaction time of the excimer laser and perovskite film is only several hundred nanoseconds. After ELSM, the trap density of the CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 film decreases from 1.61 × 10 16 cm −3 to 5.81 × 10 15 cm −3 , and the nonradiative recombination is suppressed effectively. As a result, the open-circuit voltage and the power conversion efficiency (PCE) of CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 -based PSCs increase from 1082 ± 27 to 1117 ± 16 mV and from 16.69% ± 0.77% to 18.50% ± 0.65%, respectively, and the PCE of the champion device reaches 19.38%. In addition, the measured larger charge recombination resistance, slower open-circuit photovoltage decay, and longer charge recombination lifetime confirm the effective suppression effect of ELSM on the charge carrier recombination in PSCs.
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ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
·
IF 6.97
Mingguang Li,Jing Li,Jun Wang,Longsheng Yu,Tingting Wang,Jibiao Jin,Ligang Xu,Chao Zheng,Runfeng Chen,Wei Huang
The modification of the interfacial contacts between the active layer and the electrode is of great importance in achieving high-performance organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, a composite film with gradient diffusion structure based on zinc oxide (ZnO) and nonfullerene organic semiconductor of ITIC (G-ZnO/ITIC) is constructed by a convenient one-step solution-processing method for the interfacial modification of OSCs. The facilely constructed G-ZnO/ITIC composite films show enhanced surface hydrophobicity and comparatively smooth morphology, contributing to the improved interfacial contact between the inorganic interfacial layer and organic photoactive layer. Meanwhile, the cascade energy level established inside the bulk G-ZnO/ITIC cathode interfacial layer (CIL) would further assist in the electron-transporting process for efficient charge extraction. Therefore, G-ZnO/ITIC-based PTB7-Th:PC71BM OSCs exhibit power conversion efficiency (PCE) up to 8.73%, which is remarkably larger than these of conventional ZnO-based devices (7.88% for pure ZnO CIL device, 7.27% for ZnO/ITIC bilayer CIL device, and 6.93% for ZnO/ITIC blends CIL device). This gradient diffusion structure is also effective in the PTB7-Th:ITIC-based nonfullerene OSCs, showing improved PCE values from 6.63% to 7.29%. The facilely prepared ZnO/organic semiconductor composite films with gradient diffusion structures and improved device performance would significantly broaden the types of interfacial layers with minimized boundaries among various functional layers, representing an important concept advance in constructing high-performance CILs for OSCs.
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高影响因子
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
·
2019
·
IF 8.456
Yuqian Huang,Shaohang Wu,Rui Chen,Shaoying Fang,Shasha Zhang,Gang Wang,Wei Chen
Antisolvent and additive strategies are significantly positive to improve the crystal quality, device performance, and long-term stability of perovskite solar cells (PSCs). In addition, the high-quality perovskite thin films could be prepared by the methylamine (MA) gas-induced defect-healing process. However, until now, the research on adding MA into the antisolvent, which may take the advantages of two efficiently modified strategies, is still not systematically studied. Here, we add the MA additive into the chlorobenzene antisolvent to fabricate the FA0.85Cs0.15Pb(Br0.15I2.85) films and achieve the high-quality light-absorbing layers with the preferred orientation of (101). The use of an antisolvent, with an appropriate amount of MA in chlorobenzene, leads to extremely uniform and dense perovskite layers with a better hydrophobic performance and enables the fabrication of remarkably improved solar cells with a power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 19.6% for a champion cell. This strategy shows an encouraging improvement of more than 13.95% compared with the traditional antisolvent strategy. The high-efficiency devices could maintain more than 95 or 88% of their initial PCEs after 500 h under continuous light soaking or thermal aging in the dark at 85 °C in a N2-filled glove box, respectively. These results provide an important progress in the realization of highly efficient and stable PSCs.
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高影响因子
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