Micro and Nanostructures
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2025
·
IF 3
Lubo Li,Wenjing Tang,Si Huang,Aokui Sun
Aqueous zinc - ion batteries (AZIBs) stand out among numerous battery systems due to their remarkable features such as high discharge capacity, low cost, and environmental friendliness . They are regarded as one of the promising alternatives for advanced energy storage systems . However, traditional AZIBs cathode materials still face many problems, including structural collapse and the dissolution of active substances. In this study, a precursor containing ammonium ions was prepared by the hydrothermal method . Through calcination in air, part of the ammonium ions escaped from the main structure in the form of ammonia gas, thus obtaining a sodium vanadate (NaV 6 O 15 ) cathode material rich in a microporous structure. With the introduction of micropores , the overall electrochemical performance of the material has been significantly improved. The first charge/discharge specific capacity of the electrode reaches 500.2/497.5 mAh g −1 . After 70 cycles, the specific capacity is 450.7 mAh g −1 , and the capacity retention is approaching 100 %. Based on the modified electrode , the specific capacity has increased by 158.1 mAh g −1 . The results of ex-situ XPS spectra indicate that the structure of the NaV 6 O 15 cathode material is relatively stable and suitable for the insertion and extraction of Zn 2+ .
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE-MATERIALS IN ELECTRONICS
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2025
·Vol. 36
·期 16
·967
·
IF 2.8
Zhang Qi,Wang Qing,Dai Jianfeng
ZnCo 2 O 4 is considered a highly promising anode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), attributed to its impressive capacity and excellent electrochemical characteristics. However, its practical application is constrained by significant volume expansion during repeated charge–discharge cycles, leading to structural instability and performance degradation over time. To address this challenge, a composite material consisting of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) coating the exterior of ZnCo 2 O 4 microspheres (denoted as ZCO@r-3) was designed and synthesized in this study, making it an anode material with high cycling stability for LIBs. This design aims to increase the structural stability and electrochemical properties through the effective incorporation of rGO, mitigating volume expansion during redox reactions when redox reactions occur. In this composite structure, rGO serves as a conductive network that significantly enhances ion diffusion, while its excellent mechanical properties help mitigate the volume expansion of ZnCo 2 O 4 during redox reactions. This dual action of rGO not only strengthens the structural stability of ZnCo 2 O 4 microspheres but also enhances their electrochemical performance, providing an effective and practical solution. As expected, the ZCO@r-3 composite exhibited an initial discharge capacity of 1582.1 mAh g −1 in the first cycle and initial reversible specific capacity of 1087.9 mAh g −1 after the second cycle at 0.1 A g −1 . Even after 500 charge/discharge cycles under the same conditions, the composites maintained a reversible capacity of 966.7 mAh g −1 . This demonstrates exceptional cycling stability, validating the effectiveness of the rGO coating in enhancing the material's long-term performance. This confirms that the method proposed in this study effectively addresses the volume expansion issue of ZnCo 2 O 4 .
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NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
·
2025
·Vol. 49
·期 46
·20056-20062
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IF 2.5
Jingjing Xu,Tianyan Lan,Hongmei Du,Congyu Ma,Jinsheng Zhao,Feizhong Sun,Wenbo Wang,Feng Wu
Transition metal NiFe-based MOFs have attracted much attention as catalysts for electrocatalytic reactions due to their tunable electronic structure, enormous specific surface area, and abundant pore structure. However, MOF materials generally suffer from poor electrical conductivity. To solve this problem, MOFs can be grown in situ on substrates with good electrical conductivity. Another key issue to be solved is the tight connection of MOFs with the substrate, which will directly affect the cycling stability of MOF catalysts and their ability to withstand high current density. Based on this, in this study, the in situ growth of the NiFe-MOF on a nickel–iron foam (NFF) substrate using NaCl as the corrosive agent enables close contact between the generated NiFe-MOF and NFF. Electrocatalytic OER tests confirm that the prepared NiFe-MOF/NFF catalyst has an overpotential of 233.0 mV at 10 mA cm−2, which is superior to those of the corresponding Ni-MOF/NFF and Fe-MOF/NFF. Ni and Fe collaborated in concert to boost the performance of electrocatalysts. Additionally, the catalyst can also maintain good cycling stability for 21 h without obvious current decay. The implementation of this study opens a new research direction for the practical application of MOF catalysts in electrocatalysis.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
·
IF 13.2
Ao Zhao,Fangjun Jin,Wenjing Zhang,Yaqiong Guo,Zhen Wang,Ning Sun,Yuan Gao,Fangshen Liu,Xinxin Wang,Kun Zheng,Donglin Han,Yihan Ling
Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFCs) have attracted attention for their ability to convert the chemical energy stored in the fuel directly into electrical energy with high efficiency and cleanliness. We propose a systematic and rational strategy to enhance the properties of double perovskite materials, aiming to develop novel cathodes with superior electrochemical performance. Herein, a novel double-perovskite-type A-site potassium-doped PrBa 1– x K x Co 2 O 5+ δ ( x = 0.1, 0.2; PBKC1, PBKC2) oxide demonstrated great potential to be a promising cathode for SOFCs. Density functional theory calculations suggested that doping with K + led to more oxygen vacancies and lower values of hydration enthalpy, which was helpful for the improvement of oxygen ion and proton concentration. As a result, the introduction of low-valent potassium increased the oxygen defects in the PrBaCo 2 O 5+δ (PBC) oxide, resulting in a slight decrease in conductivity, but increase in proton conductivity . The fuel cell constructed with the novel PBKC1 cathode exhibits promising performance, achieving maximum power densities of 1400 mW cm −2 at 800 °C and 940 mW cm −2 at 700 °C in both oxygen ion- and proton-conducting SOFC modes, respectively. These values surpass those of the cell utilizing the pristine PBC cathode. The present study proposes a systematic and rational methodology for the design of high-performance air electrodes specifically tailored for oxygen- and proton-conducting ceramic electrochemical cells .
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
·
IF 13.2
Mingyue Kang,Xuejing Shen,Hongyu Fan,Zhanjun Wu,Tao Sun
With the promotion of electric vehicles and electronic products, the development of high-capacity, fast-charging, and cost-effective rechargeable batteries has become extremely urgent. Aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) have become a promising system due to their high aluminum reserves, high theoretical specific capacity, and high safety. However, their actual capacity is far lower than the real capacity due to the limitation of cathode. Here, we report a construction strategy of reduced graphene oxide-intercalated MoS 2 nanoflowers cathode via a hydrothermal method . It promoted the transition of MoS 2 crystal phase from 2H to 1T, and the expansion of interlayer spacing from 0.62 nm to 1.03 nm, overcoming the shortcomings of slow electrochemical reaction kinetics and low capacity caused by the outstanding semiconductor properties of 2H MoS 2 and the compact interlayers. The obtained batteries reached capacity up to 143 mAh g −1 , high Coulombic efficiency up to 96.9% at 1 A g −1 . The batteries retained 95.6% of the original capacity after 1000 cycles. Notably, it retains 75 mAh g −1 at ultrahigh current densities of 10 A g −1 over 10,000 cycles. Our methodology opens up an exciting way to design cathode architecture for next-generation AIBs. It also provides a new perspective for the design and preparation of other battery systems.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2025
·
IF 8.3
Zehang Zhao,Guanjiu Wu,Duan Wen,Minkang Li,Yuan Li,Lu Zhang,Shumin Han
A 2 B 7 -type La–Mg–Ni-based alloys are considered as promising hydrogen storage materials . However, low absorption/desorption platform pressure and poor cycling stability restricts their practical application. The neodymium element could improve the hydrogen absorption/desorption platform pressure and the cycling stability with its smaller atomic radius and larger electronegativity . In this study the Nd 1– x Mg x Ni 3.50 ( x = 0.25, 0.30, 0.36) alloys were prepared and Mg variation was adopted to tailor the microstructure and hydrogen storage performances. All the alloys consist of Gd 2 Co 7 -type and Ce 2 Ni 7 -type superlattice structure , and the cell parameters ( a , c and V ) are reduced by increasing Mg content. The higher Mg content yields a higher plateau pressure, a higher cycling stability and an easier hydrogen release. The x = 0.30 alloy shows a plateau pressure of 0.81 MPa, a 100th-cycle capacity retention rate of 91.0 %, and a dehydriding enthalpy change of 19.18 kJ mol −1 . These good comprehensive hydrogen storage performances are attributed to the promoted crystallographic stability and reduced cell parameters.
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Journal of Energy Chemistry
·
2025
·
IF 14.9
Chenhao Wang,Xiaoyun Miao,Ting Luo,Xingzhi Zhu,Xiaofeng Ye,Zhaoyin Wen
CO 2 hydrogenation using protonic ceramic electrolysis cells (PCECs) to produce fuel gases such as CH 4 and CO has been considered as a promising technology for effective CO 2 utilization. However, the long-term stability of conventional PCECs based on Y and Yb doped BaZrO 3 -BaCeO 3 (BCZYYb) proton conductors is severely limited by their susceptibility to carbonate formation under high concentration CO 2 . In this work, a new type PCEC based on CO 2 -tolerant La 5.6 WO 11.4−δ (LWO) material is firstly constructed. A three-layer porous-dense-porous LWO ceramic scaffold is fabricated via a pressing, dip-coating and co-sintering process, followed by Ni and La 0.6 Sr 0.4 CoO 3−δ (LSC) catalyst impregnation to ensure the chemical compatibility among materials and form an efficient PCEC-based CO 2 hydrogenation reactor. Benefits from the synergistic catalysis of nano nickel and LWO, the reactor gets a CH 4 selectivity of over 50 % at 600 °C under 20 % CO 2 concentration, and it operates stably for over 320 h at 600–650 °C under high CO 2 concentrations of 50–80 %, showing no degradation in CO 2 conversion rate or CH 4 selectivity. Post-mortem analysis demonstrates that the CO 2 absorption characteristics of LWO and the morphological uniformity of nano nickel lead to stable CO 2 methanation. This study provides a viable strategy for designing highly stable PCEC-based CO 2 hydrogenation reactors.
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Journal of Energy Storage
·
2025
·
IF 9.8
Haoran Gu,Hongyi Tian,Xinxu Yuan,Jingbin Lu,Haolin Li,Ke Zhang,Hanxiao Yan,Shuaiwen Yi
To address the low power output issue of Betavoltaic Batteries in practical applications, this paper proposes a novel isotope beta radiation energy conversion and storage system integrating a GaAs-based Betavoltaic Batteries with a low self-discharge lithium metal battery utilizing flake graphite. This system enables simultaneous collection, conversion, and storage of beta radiation energy. In experiments, we fabricated a lithium metal battery employing flake graphite as the cathode, lithium metal as the anode, and LiFSI in DME electrolyte supplemented with 4-n-pentyl-4′-cyanobiphenyl(5CB) additive. This battery was then connected to the GaAs-based Betavoltaic Batteries. Experimental results demonstrate successful energy harvesting from the Betavoltaic Batteries alone, which effecttively powered an LCD display.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
·
IF 9
Penghui Yang,Junyu Chen,Cong Luo,Jiayao Wan,Zhen Du,Xiaoshan Li,Fan Wu,Liqi Zhang
Calcium-based adsorbents hold great promise for large-scale CO 2 capture. However, CaO pellets suffer fragmentation when stored in moist air, limiting their application. Numerous studies demonstrate that the presence of water significantly affects the structural integrity of adsorbent pellets. However, most of these studies focus on high-temperature conditions, while limited attention to moist air conditions. This study investigated the effect of different hydration pathways on the structural integrity of CaO pellets and revealed the fragmentation mechanism under moist air. Multiscale characterizations showed that CaO pellets exposed to moist air or liquid water underwent severe fragmentation, primarily caused by liquid-water hydration reactions. FT-IR and TGA results confirmed the presence of residual water in the fragmented pellets, while Rietveld refinement showed a significant drop in crystallinity and rise in microstrain. These changes compromised the structural integrity of pellets. In contrast, the pellets undergoing high-temperature steam hydration retained structural integrity, showing high crystallinity and low microstrain. Based on this, a hydrothermal shell-core strategy was proposed to enhance the anti-fragmentation performance of CaO pellets. A dense Ca(OH) 2 shell formed via high-temperature steam hydration isolated the CaO core from moist air, significantly enhancing structural integrity. Pellets with over 60 % hydration conversion retained 74.07 % structural integrity after 48 h of exposure to moist air (30 °C and 85 % RH), three times higher than unhydrated pellets, while CO 2 capture capacity of the revised pellets surpassed 0.6 g CO 2 /g adsorbent. These findings provide both mechanistic basis and design strategy for the production, transportation, and storage of calcium-based adsorbent pellets in moist environments.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
·Vol. 51
·期 30
·62844-62852
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IF 5.6
Suting Yao,Ni Zou,Li Zhang,Zhongbin Ma,Qian Xia,Yiyang Liu,Jiaxing Li,Cuiping Zhang,Hongqiang Ru,Wei Wang,Xinyan Yue
Reaction-bonded boron carbide (RBBC) composites have great potential for large-scale industrial production owing to their low cost and net sintering size. The enhancement of their mechanical properties is the current focus of attention. Herein, with SiC whiskers (SiC w ) as reinforcement, SiC w -reinforced RBBC (SiC w /RBBC) composites with varying SiC whisker contents were fabricated by silicon infiltration. Furthermore, the effects of SiC w content on the phase composition, microstructure, and mechanical properties of the composites were studied. The as-prepared composites exhibited a maximum flexural strength of 503 ± 82 MPa and a fracture toughness of 4.36 ± 0.43 MPa m 1/2 , representing substantial improvements of 54.8 % in flexural strength and 8.5 % in fracture toughness compared to the non-reinforced composites. The enhancement of the strength and toughness was attributed to good mechanical properties of SiC w , formation of the SiC particle–SiC w –boron carbide (SiC p –SiC w –B 4 C) ceramic skeleton and effects of crack deflection, whisker bridging, whisker pulling out and whisker debonding. However, when the whisker content was too high, the whisker bridging effect in the green preform led to an increase in free silicon content of the composites, which is the main reason for the decline of the mechanical properties of the composites.
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CHROMATOGRAPHIA
·
2025
·Vol. 88
·期 11
·891-903
·
IF 1.3
Li Wei-Si,Zhang Zhe-Meng,Wang Xue-Ying,Sun Chun-Xia,Liu Zhen,Ma Xiao,Qiao Zhou,Zhu Hai-Bin,Han Ling-Fei
Esomeprazole magnesium (EMO) is the S -enantiomer of omeprazole. As a second-generation proton pump inhibitor, it is more effective than omeprazole in inhibiting gastric acid secretion. Therefore, it is of great necessity to establish a quality control method to support its pharmaceutical development. The starting materials for the preparation of EMO may contain six potential genotoxic impurities (PGIs), designated as RC16, RC17, RC18, RC20, RC21, and RC23. These impurities have similar chemical structures, all containing benzene rings or pyridine rings with small differences in substituents, which leads to similar retention behaviors in the chromatographic column, and peak overlap is likely to occur during HPLC analysis, making it impossible to accurately determine the content of impurities. To enhance the quality control, this study established a sensitive and specific HPLC–MS/MS method. Utilizing electrospray ionization (ESI) in positive multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, this method was used to determine the trace amounts of six PGIs in EMO raw material. On a 40 °C Inertsil ODS-SP C18 chromatographic column (4.6 × 150 mm, 5 μm), the six PGIs were well separated in an equilibrated elution mode at a flow rate of 0.5 mL min⁻ 1 . 0.5% formic acid in water and methanol were used as the mobile phase A and B, respectively. The method was rigorously validated in terms of precision, accuracy, limit of detection, limit of quantification, linear range, and robustness, and with all parameters meeting pre-defined acceptance criteria. Graphical
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MATERIALS SCIENCE AND ENGINEERING A-STRUCTURAL MATERIALS PROPERTIES MICROSTRUCTURE AND PROCESSING
·
2025
·
IF 7
Yu He,Chong Peng,Kenan Li,Xun Shen,Guoshang Zhang,Kexing Song,Lingwei Kong,Pengfei Yue,Yifan Yan,Shuju Liang,Kangkang Wen,Rui Li
Bulk nanocrystalline tungsten alloys demonstrate exceptional potential for advanced structural applications due to their superior radiation tolerance and high strength, but are often limited by microstructural instability and manufacturing challenges. In this study, a bulk nanocrystalline W-19.4 at%Ti-3 at%C [(W 80 Ti 20 )C 3 ] alloy with a mean grain size of 21 ± 4 nm was successfully synthesized via mechanical alloying and high-temperature high-pressure (HTHP) consolidation. The material exhibits an outstanding vickers hardness of 21.7 ± 0.5 GPa, representing a 28.4 % improvement over its W 80 Ti 20 counterpart. Remarkably, it maintains a hardness of 18.2 ± 0.2 GPa after prolonged annealing at 1100 °C for 50 h, with grain growth limited to 35 ± 7 nm. Carbon addition further promotes microstructural refinement, reducing the average grain size from 39 ± 9 nm to 21 ± 4 nm under identical processing conditions. The alloy also demonstrates significantly enhanced high-temperature compressive strength, reaching 1493 ± 108 MPa, 708 ± 61 MPa, and 494 ± 99 MPa at 900 °C, 1000 °C, and 1100 °C, respectively, corresponding to strength improvements of 57 %, 24 %, and 23 % compared to carbon-free NC W 80 Ti 20 . Theoretical and experimental analyses reveal that carbon doping increases grain boundary diffusion activation energy and suppresses boundary sliding, thereby enhancing high-temperature mechanical performance. The synergistic segregation of carbon and titanium at grain boundaries effectively reduces interfacial energy, contributing to the exceptional thermal stability observed. These findings provide valuable insights into the design and fabrication of high-performance nanocrystalline tungsten alloys for extreme environment applications.
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