NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERGS ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY
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2026
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IF 4
Morsy Wafaa A.,Heibashy Dina M. I.,Eissa Shimaa M.,Elshafiey Sara H.
Pulmonary fibrosis is a progressive and fatal lung disease characterized by excessive extracellular matrix deposition. Bleomycin (BLM)-induced pulmonary fibrosis is a widely used experimental model that replicates key pathological features of the human disease. Berberine (Brb), a natural phytochemical, exhibits anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. However, its clinical application is restricted by poor bioavailability. Nano-formulation of Brb (Nano-Brb) may enhance its therapeutic potential. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the protective effects of Nano-Brb against BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis in rats and to elucidate the underlying biochemical, histopathological, immunohistochemical, and molecular mechanisms. Thirty adult male albino rats were randomly assigned into six groups: control, Brb-treated (100 mg/kg body weight), Nano-Brb-treated (100 mg/kg body weight), BLM-treated (single intratracheal dose of 5 mg/kg body weight), BLM + Brb, and BLM + Nano-Brb. Nano-Brb significantly attenuated BLM-induced pulmonary fibrosis, as evidenced by reduced pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β), interleukin-4 (IL-4), interleukin-13 (IL-13), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), as well as decreased matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs). It also modulated nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-β) signaling and reduced collagen type I (Col-I) and collagen type III (Col-III), connective tissue growth factor (CTGF), and neutrophil elastase (NE). Histopathological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical investigations confirmed marked improvement in lung architecture. Furthermore, Nano-Brb reduced transforming growth factor-beta 1 (TGF-β1) expression and upregulated pulmonary sirtuin 3 (SIRT3) gene expression. The present results suggest that Nano-Brb enhanced the lung’s architecture and functional performance by modulating inflammatory cytokines, oxidative stress, gene expression, and histopathological damage. Graphical Created in https://BioRender.com . Schematic representation of the experimental design: rats were administered bleomycin to induce pulmonary fibrosis, followed by treatment with berberine or nano-berberine. The study assessed oxidative stress markers, inflammatory cytokines, histopathological and immunohistochemical changes, and gene expression related to fibrosis and inflammation. The nano-formulation demonstrated superior therapeutic efficacy.
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Science China-Materials
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2026
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IF 7.7
Chen Gengli,Li Shiyan,Zhou Wenli,Yang Zezhong,Fu Pengyan,Yu Liping,Lian Shixun,Wang Jing
To address the critical challenge of suppressing glass-phosphor interface reactions in high-melting-point phosphor-in-glass (PiG) for high-power laser illumination, this study fabricates a Y 3 Al 5 O 12 :Ce 3+ (YAG:Ce) phosphor-in-silica glass (YAG:Ce-PiSG) with high quantum efficiency and stability by regulating alkali metal oxides. Incorporation of Cs 2 O notably inhibits SiO 2 -YAG:Ce reactions, maintaining the PiSG’s internal quantum efficiency (IQE) at 97.7% of pure YAG:Ce (88.3% even after 1400 °C calcination for 2 h), while smaller alkali ions (Li + , Na + ) accelerate YAG:Ce decomposition. Cs 2 CO 3 acts as a flux to promote the melting of nano-SiO 2 , thereby facilitating the formation of a dense, transparent glass matrix. Owing to the large ionic radius of Cs + and its weak interaction with oxygen ions, the ready generation of non-bridging oxygen (NBO) is suppressed, consequently enabling the formation of a complete silica glass network that prevents alkali metal ions from etching the YAG:Ce phosphor. Leveraging the mixed alkali effect (10% Li 2 O + 5% Cs 2 O), the PiSG retains excellent luminescence and resists 200 °C hydrothermal treatment for 10 h. The PiG film-sapphire device delivers 3080 lm luminous flux and 213 lm W −1 efficiency under blue laser excitation. These findings demonstrate that the developed YAG:Ce-PiSG serves as a highly promising color-conversion material for high-performance laser illumination.
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INFLAMMATION
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2026
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IF 5.4
Yan Jie,Li Wenjuan,Qin Tian,Ye Haimin,Chen Congling,Li Ling,Liu Yehui
Sinomenine (SIN) has been established to exert neuroprotective effects in ischemic stroke (IS), yet its specific molecular targets and detailed mechanisms remain incompletely understood. This study identified Fermt2 as a critical target through which SIN exerted its neuroprotective effects in IS. In a rat model of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, overexpression of Fermt2 improved neurological deficits, reduced cerebral infarct volume by nearly one-third, and significantly decreased neuronal apoptosis in the ischemic penumbra. In vitro and in vivo experiments demonstrated that upregulation of Fermt2 promoted a shift in microglial polarization from the pro-inflammatory M1 phenotype to the anti-inflammatory M2 phenotype, thereby suppressing pro-inflammatory cytokines and restoring anti-inflammatory factors. Mechanistic investigations revealed that Fermt2 functioned by inhibiting the RhoA/ROCK/NF-κB signaling pathway. Crucially, knockdown of Fermt2 reversed the beneficial effects of SIN in IS rats. In conclusion, Fermt2 is a master regulator of microglia-dependent neuroinflammation and a promising therapeutic target for IS.
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JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
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2026
·Vol. 109
·期 8
·e71064
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IF 4.2
Le Lu,Zhiyuan Ma,Zhaofeng Chen,Lixia Yang,Yue Wang,Yaotong Song,Yingdong Song,Xiguang Gao
SiC f /SiC has shown great potential for high-temperature structural applications such as aero-engine components, but repeated precursor infiltration and pyrolysis (PIP) often leave large interconnected macropores due to precursor loss and fiber architecture constraints. These defects promote stress concentration and oxidation, degrading structural reliability. To address this, SiC nanowires (SiCnws) were in situ introduced into difficult-to-fill macropores, forming a three-dimensional bridging network. The observed nanowire morphology was consistent with a catalyst-assisted vapor-liquid-solid-type growth process, and the morphology and distribution of SiCnws were regulated by varying the ferrocene/PCS/xylene ratio. The resulting interconnected network enhanced load transfer and inhibited crack propagation through bridging and deflection. Consequently, porosity decreased from 26.9% to 12.9%, density increased from 2.137 to 2.429 g/cm 3 , and fracture behavior shifted from brittle to pseudo-plastic. This approach offers an effective strategy for repairing structural defects in ceramic matrix composites.
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AQUACULTURE
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2026
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IF 4.4
Liangliang Mu,Qingliang Zeng,Peiyu Li,Hao Bai,Nuo Chen,Lingyuan Zeng,Jianmin Ye,Xiaoxue Yin
Iron (Fe) is a crucial metal and plays a vital role in a variety of cellular processes. Studies in mammals have indicated that transferrin (TF) and transferrin receptor (TfR), jointly iron ion transport, while also contributing to antibacterial immunity. However, systematic reports on the functions and regulatory mechanisms of these components in teleost fish are lacking. In this study, TF protein was purified and identified from the serum of Nile tilapia ( Oreochromis niloticus ). A range of experimental techniques was employed to demonstrate that OnTF can inhibit the proliferation of pathogenic bacteria both in vivo and in vitro . Meanwhile, OnTF interacts with the OnTfR1 receptor on the cell surface, facilitating phagocytosis and bacterial clearance, thereby providing immune protection to the organism. Notably, OnTfR1 directly influences the secretion of OnHepc through the BMP-SMAD signaling pathway. The increased mortality of tilapia caused by downregulated OnTfR1 expression during pathogenic bacterial infection can be effectively alleviated by supplementing (r)Hepc protein. Moreover, OnTfR1 also played an indispensable role in maintaining the stability of the fish intestinal microecology and resisting pathogen infections. Overall, this study represents the first systematic investigation into the functional roles of molecules involving in iron homeostasis regulation in teleost fish. It elucidates that the OnTF-TfR1 axis, as a core pathway for iron ion uptake and metabolic regulation, plays a significant role in resisting pathogen infections and maintaining the stability of the intestinal microbiota. These findings provide new insights into understanding the functional association between iron metabolism and innate immune defense during adaptive evolution.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING SCIENCE
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2026
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IF 5.1
Miao Qin,Tao Liu,Yimin Zhang,Hong Liu,Ling Ge
H 2 SO 4 -HCl mixed-acid vanadium electrolytes broaden the operating window and allow higher vanadium concentrations, yet the negative V 3+ /V 2+ reaction can remain kinetically sluggish and impose substantial polarization. Here, a small amount of BiCl 3 is introduced directly into the mixed-acid negative electrolyte so that metallic bismuth forms and deposits in situ on graphite felt during cell operation, without electrode pretreatment. UV–vis spectra show that adding BiCl 3 does not measurably change the characteristic V 3+ absorption features, indicating that the bulk vanadium speciation remains unchanged. After charging, plate-like Bi 0 deposits are observed on the carbon fibers, and the V 3+ /V 2+ redox reaction is clearly accelerated. Electrochemical measurements show that 0.02 mol·L −1 Bi 3+ is most effective. The redox peak separation decreases from 535.19 mV to 212.35 mV, and the charge-transfer resistance is substantially reduced. The exchange current density increases from 0.195 mA·cm −2 to 0.324 mA·cm −2 , and the standard rate constant increases from 2.021 × 10 −9 cm·s −1 to 3.358 × 10 −9 cm·s −1 . By comparison, the double-layer capacitance increases only from 0.572 mF·cm −2 to 0.641 mF·cm −2 , suggesting that the gain mainly comes from faster interfacial charge transfer rather than a simple increase in electrochemically accessible area. In single-cell tests from 40 to 160 mA·cm −2 , the Bi-containing electrolyte shows lower polarization and improved voltage and energy efficiencies.
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ACS Applied Nano Materials
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2026
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IF 5.8
Xin Fu,Yueqi Wu,Sakil Mahmud,Zhixuan Luo,Jinglong Li,Zhuoran Yi,Zhu Wang,Jiahui Peng,Rourou Li,Runhua Liao,Gaosheng Zhang,Zhu Xiong
This study presents a ceramic membrane (MIX-CM, denoting a mixed phase) fabricated through die casting and sintering of heterophase YS-Al2O3 and α-Al2O3 precursors, yielding a hierarchically mesoporous structure with high porosity (60%) and well-balanced mechanical strength (42 MPa). The MIX-CM demonstrates superior chemical stability (<2% mass loss in acidic/alkaline media) and thermal stability up to 1000 °C. Its unique composite microstructure enables dual-function separation via synergistic sieving and adsorption. Under cross-flow filtration (0.5 bar, 25 °C), MIX-CM achieves high rejection of colloids (>98%), humic acid (>96%), and bovine serum albumin (92%), while exhibiting exceptional adsorption of antibiotics─tetracycline hydrochloride (99.6%) and norfloxacin (95.7%)─and selective removal of heavy metals, with Pb2+ reduced from 492 to 3.4 μg L–1 (below WHO limits). In real surface water treatment, the membrane maintains stable UV254 and turbidity removal at 53% and 78%, respectively. NaClO backwashing achieves 96% flux recovery, while a crushing-reconstruction strategy fully restores severely fouled membranes. The MIX-CM is economically viable, with a production cost of ∼113 USD m–2, markedly lower than commercial ceramic membranes (500–3000 USD m–2). These findings position MIX-CM as a scalable, cost-effective, and multifunctional solution for advanced potable water purification.
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Nature Communications
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2026
·Vol. 17
·期 1
·3395
·
IF 18.1
Yang Hao-Ran,Hu Shu-Jie,Zhang Meng-Yue,Wu Di,Zheng Lei,She Qianhong,Yuan Zhi-Hua,Zhong Lin-Jiang,Zhao Xuan,Chen Ying,Liu Hong,Xu Lin-Ji,Liu Yuan
Lab-scale wastewater treatment studies, including urine recovery, often rely on oversimplified synthetic wastewater, thereby compromising the reliability of results and data. Here, we systematically evaluate how using full-component versus simplified synthetic urine formulations affects the performance and engineering-economic assessment of bipolar membrane electrodialysis. Our findings reveal that simplification fundamentally alters fouling mechanisms. While urea alone causes significant damage to anion exchange membranes through hydrogen bonding aggregation, natural organic co-components in real urine mitigate fouling via inhibitory interactions—a mechanism confirmed by molecular dynamics simulations and experimental characterization. After seven batches, the full-component formulations showed 29.3% less performance decay and 10–14% higher urea recovery than the simplified formulation. Moreover, the complete removal of organic components disrupts ion-organic co-aggregation pathways on cation exchange membranes, shifting fouling toward mineral crystallization on bipolar membranes. Simplification also distorts the engineering-economic assessment, overestimating cleaning costs by 15.9% and underestimating membrane lifespan by 12.5%. These findings necessitate identifying key wastewater constituents and ensuring experimental integrity to bridge lab-industry gaps, advocating designs comprehensively addressing multi-component interactions.
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JOURNAL OF DISPERSION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2026
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IF 2.2
Yaohui Ni,Shicheng Tang,Haiyang Wu,Yufei Zhang,Saijiao Tang,Lexin Chen,Tianjian Lu,Defeng Xu,Hang Hu
Dimethylcurcumin (DMC) is a derivative of curcumin. Studies have shown that DMC can enhance the degradation of androgen receptors (AR), thereby inhibiting AR-related diseases. However, the extremely poor water solubility and fast metabolism in vivo of DMC greatly limit its clinical applications. In the present study, poly(ethylene glycol)-modified liposomes loaded with DMC (DMC@PEG-Liposomes) were prepared by an improved membrane hydration method. The prescription of the liposomes was optimized to obtain DMC@PEG-Liposomes with a particle size between 110 and 150 nm, moderate encapsulation efficiency and good freeze-drying stability. In vitro release studies showed that DMC@PEG-Liposomes displayed Fickian release at pH 7.4 and non-Fickian release at pH 5.0. Compared with free DMC, DMC@PEG-Liposomes were more toxic to 22Rv1 and HepG2 cells in vitro. DMC@PEG-Liposomes also exhibited enhanced AUC0-t as compared to free DMC in in vivo pharmacokinetic studies. These results suggest that DMC@PEG-Liposomes are a promising DMC formulation for anticancer DMC delivery.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2026
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IF 12.5
Luwei Miao,Ran Li,Ming Gao,Ke Li,Weilong Xiao,Yang Bao,Haiyan Mou,Qiulin Yang,Wenqing Chen
Capacitive deionization (CDI) offers a cost-effective and low-energy method for water desalination. However, the applicability of capacitive deionization (CDI) is often hindered by electrode instability caused by unwanted oxygen reduction reactions (ORR). To overcome it, we propose an innovative capacitive deionization-electro-oxidation (E X -CDI) hybrid system that harnesses ORR for in situ H 2 O 2 generation and micropollutant degradation. Through systematic investigation of the rational operating parameters, this study establishes a quantitative criterion for balancing the competition between capacitive electrosorption and Faradaic degradation, demonstrating that a charge allocation C d /C c ratio of 46.33%–72.59% is critical for sustaining stable desalination. Assisted by Machine Learning (ML), we decoupled the complex influencing factors and identified radical content and H 2 O 2 generation as the dominant governors of stability. The practical efficacy was confirmed through the successful treatment of aquaculture wastewater. Our findings offer a novel pathway for stabilizing CDI via the synergy of Faradaic and non-Faradaic processes, significantly diversifying its potential in advanced water treatment.
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Journal of Soil Science and Plant Nutrition
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2026
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IF 3.6
Zhao Jiejie,Long Gui,Xia Xintong,Wang Sufen,Zhong Huitao,Teng Xiaowen,Zhang Xiaokai,Liu Dan,Zhang Ying,Zheng Bo,Gustave Williamson,He Lizhi
Heavy metal(loid) contaminated soil is widespread in the word. Exogenous addition of phytohormones have been proved to mitigate Cd toxicity, but the co-application of different phytohormones with Si through plant root or spraying are still limited. It is necessary to investigate an efficient strategy using phytohormones to ensure grain safety in Cd-polluted paddy fields. Three phytohormones (including melatonin [MT], jasmonic acid [JA] and salicylic acid [SA]) were applied alone or in combination with silicon (Si) fertilizer in a hydroponic experiment, screening MT as the best phytohormone on decreasing Cd accumulation and enhancing plant growth. Then a pot experiment was conduced to evaluate the MT application method (root or spraying) and the associated mechanisms. Hydroponic experiment revealed that foliar phytohormone application significantly increased total root length by 97.72–127.40% and improved chlorophyll synthesis. However, root-applied MT exhibited the most notable reduction on Cd accumulation (by 56.96%) and translocation factor (by 64.13%). Consequently, MT was selected for further validation in a soil-pot experiment through foliar and root application. The pot results confirmed that foliar Si and MT co-application was the most effective strategy, reducing Cd concentrations in grains, husks, leaves, shoots, and roots by 37.8%, 74.3%, 72.2%, 45.1%, and 30.3%, respectively. This maybe due to the subcellular sequestration (cell wall fraction increased by 17.3%), and the increased antioxidant protection. This study demonstrates that the co-application of Si and MT is a cost-effective, highly efficient strategy for ensuring grain safety in Cd-polluted paddy fields. Graphical
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Pharmaceutics
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 6
·694
·
IF 6.9
José Márcio Fernandes da Silva,Dominique Mesquita e Silva,Danilo de Souza Costa,Monique C. Amaro,Rayssa A. Cajas,Josué de Moraes,Guilherme Diniz Tavares,Ademar Alves Da Silva Filho
Background:Schistosomiasis remains a major neglected tropical disease, with praziquantel (PZQ) as the only widely used treatment, despite its limitations. Parthenolide (PTL), a sesquiterpene lactone, exhibits potent in vitro antischistosomal activity; however, its poor aqueous solubility, low oral bioavailability, and chemical instability may limit its in vivo efficacy.Objective:This study investigated whether nanoencapsulation in nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) could enable the in vivo antischistosomal activity of PTL.Methods:PTL was isolated fromTanacetum partheniumand incorporated into NLC using hot emulsification followed by ultrasonication. The resulting formulation (NLC-PTL) was physicochemically characterized, and its in vivo antischistosomal efficacy was evaluated in a murine model ofSchistosoma mansoniinfection.Results:NLC-PTL exhibited nanoscale size, low polydispersity, high encapsulation efficiency, and sustained drug release. In vivo, free PTL showed no significant effect on worm burden, whereas NLC-PTL achieved a marked reduction (77.9%) in adult worms and significantly decreased egg output compared to controls (p< 0.001). Blank NLC had no antiparasitic effect.Conclusions:Nanoencapsulation was associated with in vivo antischistosomal activity of PTL compared to the free compound. These findings suggest that formulation strategies may influence the in vivo performance of lipophilic natural products in schistosomiasis.
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