ACS Sustainable Chemistry & Engineering
·
2019
·
IF 6.97
Dekai Cheng,Xiaohui Dai,Li Chen,Yanhua Cui,Changwu Qiang,Qian Sun,Jiangdong Dai
Heavy metals such as Pb(II) pollutions in wastewater have been a serious environmental problem. In this study, we loaded polyamide–amine (PAMAM) on the surface of magnetic halloysite nanotubes (MHNTs) via one-step thiol–yne click chemistry to obtain dendritic magnetic halloysite nanotubes (MHNTs-PAMAM) with high-density amine groups for the highly efficient adsorption of Pb(II). The synthesized MHNTs-PAMAM were characterized by field emission scanning electron microscopy (FE-SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), which confirmed the formed nanostructures and chemical features of MHNTs-PAMAM. And batch adsorption experiments were carried out to investigate the effect of pH and other variables on the adsorption amount. Here, TGA shows that PAMAM grafting on halloysite nanotubes (HNTs) achieves a sufficiently high graft ratio of 6.1 wt %, which ensures sufficient active adsorption sites on the surface of the composite. With the increase of the grafted PAMAM generation, the functional group density and adsorption capacity of the material also gradually increased, and the maximum adsorption capacity of the material for Pb(II) was up to 194.4 mg g–1. The adsorption kinetics agrees well with the pseudo-second-order equations, and the equilibrium data can be described by the Langmuir isotherm (R2 = 0.940).
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ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH
·
2022
·Vol. 30
·期 7
·18364-18379
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IF 5.19
Zhang Xiao,Li Zhiyue,Zhang Taoyi,Chen Jing,Ji Wenxi,Wei Yun
A low-cost and environmental-friendly sodium alginate-melamine@zeolitic imidazolate framework-67 (SA-ME@ZIF-67) adsorbent was fabricated by chemical grafting and in situ growth for the removal of lead ions in wastewater. Firstly, melamine (ME) was grafted onto sodium alginate (SA) by amide reaction, and then SA-ME was dropped into a solution of calcium chloride to form hydrogel bead, and ZIF-67 was grown on the SA-ME hydrogel bead by the in situ growth method. The SA-ME@ZIF-67 adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction. The SA-ME@ZIF-67 adsorbent was used to effectively adsorb Pb(II) from aqueous solutions. The initial concentrations of lead ions, adsorbent dose, initial pH of lead ion solution, temperature, and adsorption time for the material were optimized. The adsorption isotherms and kinetics fitted to Langmuir isotherm model ( R 2 = 0.9281, 0.9420, and 0.9623 at the temperatures of 288.15 K, 298.15 K, and 308.15 K, respectively) and pseudo-second-order kinetic model ( R 2 = 0.9901) respectively. According to the Langmuir model at 308.15 K, the maximum adsorption capacity of the adsorbent for Pb(II) was 634.99 mg/g. The recycling application of the adsorbent was possible as it was easily collected and reused after five adsorption-regeneration cycles. In addition, the Pb(II) in real wastewater samples has been efficiently removed using the fabricated hydrogel. The results showed that the SA-ME@ZIF-67 adsorbent had high adsorption capacity, removal efficiency, and easy recyclability for Pb(II). Graphical abstract
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Henan Zhang,Qi Liu,Alena Novoselova,Valeri Smolenski,Jing Yu,Jingyuan Liu,Yongde Yan,Milin Zhang,Jun Wang
The efficient separation of the rare earth element Sm from spent nuclear fuel is of strategic importance for the nuclear industries. This study explored the feasibility of a novel liquid Ga-Pb hybrid electrode for electrochemical extraction of samarium compounds, and the electrochemical reduction mechanism and dynamic properties of Sm(III) ions were provided in NaCl-2CsCl molten salt. It was established that the reduction mechanisms of Sm(III) to Sm(II) and Pb(II) to Pb(0) on the Mo cathode were a one-step reaction processes, respectively, while Ga(III) to Ga(0) was a two-step reaction process. The co-deposition mechanisms of Sm(III), Ga(III) and Pb(II) ions on the Mo cathode were identified, and the types of intermetallic compounds, formation potentials and reaction processes were analyzed. The deposition potential of Sm on Ga-Pb mixed cathode is determined, and the value of its depolarization was greater than on the liquid Pb electrode. Simultaneously, Sm ions have higher exchange current densities and lower activation energies for electrode reactions on the liquid Ga-Pb mixed electrodes than on the liquid Pb electrodes. Furthermore, the electro-separation of NaCl-2CsCl-SmCl 3 molten salt was executed via potentiostatic electrolysis technique, and the separation efficiency and the effect of cathode product type were analyzed and compared in Ga-Pb hybrid electrode and Pb electrode. It was obtained that the maximum extraction efficiency on the Ga-Pb hybrid electrode and the separation efficiency of Sm could reach 91.3 % after 8 h of electrolysis.
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COLLOIDS AND SURFACES A-PHYSICOCHEMICAL AND ENGINEERING ASPECTS
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Guotao Xiao,Rui Li,Donghai Zhu,Mohammadtaghi Vakili,Xingyi Zhu,Xu Liu,Shuangxi Zhou,Wei Wang
The post-synthesis strategy is frequently employed to create functional covalent organic frameworks (COFs) for the removal of heavy metals. Different post-synthesis methods can yield structurally distinct side chains. However, the potential adsorption role of these side chains is often overlooked, even though they can provide efficient adsorption sites that significantly enhance the adsorption performance of functional COFs for targeted pollutants. In this study, two post-modification reactions were conducted to introduce functional groups into the original COFs, namely acetylene COFs and ethylene COFs (referred to as COFV1 and COFV2). This resulted in the synthesis of modified MCOFV1 and MCOFV2 with emerging triazole and thioether groups, respectively. Subsequently, these modified COFs were characterized and employed to investigate the influence of the newly formed structures on the adsorption of Pb(II). Density functional theory (DFT) calculations were carried out to explore the adsorption mechanism and the binding energies between COFs and Pb(II). The results indicate that after modification, the specific surface area of COFV1 and COFV2 decreased by 8.08 and 2.05 times, reaching 204.9 m 2 g –1 for MCOFV1 and 587.5 m 2 g −1 for MCOFV2. However, their Pb(II) equilibrium adsorption capacity significantly increased, with MCOFV1 achieving 52.1 mg/g (11.5 times higher than COFV1) and MCOFV2 achieving 31.1 mg/g (1.6 times higher than COFV2) based on the pseudo-first-order model. This indicates that the triazole group, which is produced in the post-modification reaction, demonstrates greater efficacy in the removal of Pb(II) as compared to the thioether group. This study reveals that efficient bifunctional groups can be formed through suitable post-modification methods, enhancing the adsorption performance of COFs in environmental remediation.
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Regional Studies in Marine Science
·
2023
·
IF 2.1
Wenhao Hou,Shenghua Zheng,Xiangtao Wei,Guifang Huang,Xin Wang,Changzi Ge
Similar to respiration, shellfish function as a carbon source because they release carbon dioxide during calcification which uses soluble inorganic carbon in seawater to form biological calcium deposits, such as shells, which is important for shellfish survival. Almost all filter feeding shellfish feed mainly on phytoplankton , which are the most dominant primary producers in marine ecosystems . Microplastics and Pb generally coexist in the habitat of Paphia undulata , and microplastics adsorb Pb. Both of these two matters negatively affect metabolism that affects calcification. Thus, it is speculated that the interaction between microplastics and Pb affects the calcification of P. undulata by affecting its metabolism. This hypothesis is related to the carbon cylce drived by filter feeding shellfish under combined pollution of microplastic and Pb. Nevertheless, related studies are extremely rare. To verify this hypothesis, P. undulata was exposed to PS-Pb combined pollution for 96 h, during which microplastics and Pb were represented by polystyrene (PS) with a particle size of 5.0 µm and Pb (NO 3 ) 2 , respectively. Ammonia excretion was affected by PS and the interaction of PS and Pb. Not the oxygen consumption but the ratio of O/N was affected by PS, Pb and their interaction. If the concentrations of PS and Pb were 50 and 6 μg/L, respectively; the ratio of O/N of P. undulata was higher than that under the other treatments. The calcification was influenced by Pb and the interaction of PS and Pb, e.g., as the concentrations of PS and Pb were 25 and 6 μg/L, respectively, the calcification rate of P. undulata was the lowest. Moreover, the calcification rate was positively correlated with the ratio of O/N, i.e., there was a correlation between the calcification rate and metabolic substrates. PS and Pb at low concentrations had a synergistic effect on calcification, while they tended to produce antagonism at high concentrations. All these facts mean that the effect of compound pollution on calcification is not a simple addition of the effects of the two pollutants that influence calcification by affecting metabolism, and the effects of the PS-Pb combined pollution on the carbon cycle in offshore areas should be reassessed.
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Minerals
·
2023
·Vol. 13
·期 10
·1337
·
IF 2.5
Jiaqian Zhang,Zhe Wang,Ying Luo,Zhenlong Zhang,Xiyang Feng,Qiuping Zeng,Duan Tian,Chao Li,Yongde Zhang,Shu Chen
To enhance the sorption efficacy of attapulgite for heavy metals, mercapto-functionalized attapulgite (ATP-SH) was synthesized with mercaptan functional groups. When the mass-to-volume ratio of calcined attapulgite (ATP-C) to 3-Mercapropyltrimethoxysilane (MPTMS) was 1 g:0.5 mL (ATP-SH-0.5) and the pH was set to 8, a strong adsorption capacity for Cd (II) and Pb (II) was demonstrated. This indicates excellent adsorption performance for these heavy metals. ATP-SH-0.5 exhibited a maximum adsorption capacity of 43.81 mg/g and 274.83 mg/g for Cd (II) and Pb (II), respectively, in a single ion system. In a binary ion system, the maximum adsorption capacity was 31.86 mg/L and 254.45 mg/L for Cd (II) and Pb (II), respectively. Various characterizations and experiments showed that the adsorption of Cd (II) and Pb (II) onto ATP-SH-0.5 involves ion exchange reactions involving hydroxyl and thiol functional group complexation reactions. This adsorption process follows a single-molecule layer adsorption mechanism. XPS results indicate that hydroxyl and grafted thiol functional groups on the surface of mercapto-functionalized attapulgite participated in surface complexation reactions with Cd (II) and Pb (II), resulting in the formation of Cd-S and Pb-S species. Overall, this study provides a promising mercapto-functionalized modification material for the remediation of polluted water and soil.Keywords:attapulgite;thiol functional group;heavy metal;adsorption mechanism;XPS qualitative analyses
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2023
·
IF 7.7
Yifu Hu,Tinglin Guo,Fangfang Xia,Zejuan Wang,Wentao Wang,Yi Wang,Shenghua Ma
In this research work, biochar-zirconium phosphate (BC-Zr-P) nanocomposites were utilized for the adsorption of Pb (II) in sewage through functionalization of zirconium and phosphate on the surface of biochar. A series of characterization analyses were conducted on BC-Zr-P nanocomposites to comprehend their morphology and functional groups. Furthermore, the adsorption performance of BC-Zr-P towards Pb (II) in aqueous solution was investigated and four crucial parameters including concentration, pH, adsorption time and temperature were optimized. The experimental results demonstrate that BC-Zr-P exhibits a high adsorption capacity for lead ions with a value of 82.04 mg g −1 . Comparative analysis indicates that BC-Zr-P possesses excellent potential as an effective sorbent for lead removal. The adsorption capacity of the material for Pb (II) is highly pH-dependent, with optimal performance observed at pH 2.5, indicating that ion exchange plays a dominant role in the adsorption process and leading to significant changes in adsorption capacity. Rapid kinetic performance within 2 h suggests chemisorption of Pb (II) by BC-Zr-P. We observed a strong agreement between the pseudo-second-order kinetic model and the experimental data, while the adsorption isotherms at different temperatures were well described by the Langmuir model, which outperformed the Freundlich model. These results provide evidence for a monolayer chemisorption mechanism of BC-Zr-P. In addition, the impact of varying temperatures on the adsorption capacity of BC-Zr-P was examined within the range of 278.15–318.15 K, and the thermodynamic behavior of adsorption was analyzed by determining Δ S o and Δ H o through a linear relationship between lnK d and 1/T. The positive value obtained for Δ H o suggests that the process of adsorption is endothermic. BC-Zr-P had excellent selective adsorption capacity for Pb (II) ions in various metal ion solutions and had practical application value for the adsorption of Pb (II) ions in sewage.
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CARBOHYDRATE POLYMERS
·
2023
·
IF 11.2
Zhixu Zhang,Zhengwu Huang,Dan Qin,Dongbo Liu,Xin Guo,Haiyan Lin
The adsorption removal of lead (Pb) ions has become a crucial area of research due to the potential health hazards associated with Pb contamination. Developing cost-effective adsorbents for the removal of Pb(II) ions is significantly important. Hence, a novel fluorescent starch-based hydrogel (FSH) using starch (ST), cellulose nanofibrils (CN), and carbon dots (CD) was fabricated for simultaneous adsorption and detection of Pb(II). A comprehensive characterization of FSH, including its morphological features, chemical composition , and fluorescence characteristics, was conducted. Notably, FSH exhibited a maximum theoretical adsorption capacity of 265.9 mg/g, which was 13.0 times higher than that of pure ST. Moreover, FSH was employed as a fluorescent sensor for Pb(II) determination, achieving a limit of detection (LOD) of 0.06 μg/L. An analysis was further performed to investigate the adsorption and detection mechanisms of Pb(II) utilizing FSH. This study provides valuable insights into the production of a novel cost-effective ST-based adsorbent for the removal of Pb(II) ions.
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JOURNAL OF ELECTRONIC MATERIALS
·
2023
·Vol. 52
·期 11
·7184-7192
·
IF 2.1
Yang Shengyan,Chang Niannian,Han Mengyuan,Zhang Yang
Pb-free piezoelectric ceramic materials (K 0.48 Na 0.48 Li 0.04 )(Nb 0.92 Ta 0.08− x Sb x )O 3 (KNLNTS) were designed and prepared. The effects of varied Sb/Ta doping on the physical structure, surface morphology, and electrical characteristics of ceramics were also studied. The perovskite structure is present in all of the doped ceramic samples without any secondary phase (when x < 0.05). All of the doped ceramic samples have a Curie temperature ( T C ) above 300°C. At the same time, the orthorhombic–tetragonal phase transition temperature ( T O–T ) is pushed closer to ambient temperature. Doping with Sb/Ta/Li changed the electrical characteristics of the samples and increased their piezoelectric properties. At x = 0.03, the KNLNTS sample has the best piezoelectric properties: d 33 = 215 pC/N, Pr = 26.08 μC/cm 2 , T C = 342.6°C.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2023
·
IF 8.6
Bin Liu,Peng Lv,Ruofei Wu,Yonghui Bai,Jiaofei Wang,Weiguang Su,Xudong Song,Guangsuo Yu
The discharge of large-scale industrial solid waste and wastewater has caused severe damage to environmental health. In this study, the adsorption behaviors of Pb(II) and Congo Red (CR) dye in single and binary aqueous systems were investigated using novel functionalized nanoporous glass microspheres (NGM). The NGM material was fabricated from coal gasification fine slag (CGFS) by a simple treatment and characterized using TG, BET, XRD, TEM, FT-IR, and XPS to analyze its physicochemical properties. The adsorption experiments showed that the adsorption amounts of DMA-NGM for Pb(II) and CR were 302.39 mg/g and 342.74 mg/g for the single systems, and 372.73 mg/g and 412.93 mg/g for the binary systems, respectively. The increased adsorption capacity was attributed to the synergistic effect of electrostatic attraction and chelation. Furthermore, the pseudo-second-order model and Elovich model could reasonably describe the adsorption of Pb(II) and CR on DMA-NGM. Pb(II) adsorption on DMA-NGM was monolayer adsorption and CR adsorption was multilayer adsorption. In summary, the results demonstrate the potential of efficient and environmentally friendly adsorbents for the resource recovery of CGFS and the processing of printing and dyeing wastewater.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Gang Liu,Huanghui Nie,Leiyang Zhang,Xinyu Zeng,Yazhong Zheng,Xinyu Chen,Xinran Wang,Kun Yu,Li Jin,Yan Yan
To acquire giant electric field-induced strain in non-Pb materials is attracting a great deal of attention in the past decade. In the current investigation, the crystal and domain structures as well as the electrical performances of (1- x ) (0.94Bi 0.5 Na 0.5 TiO 3 -0.06BaTiO 3 )- x NaTaO 3 (BNBT- x NT) specimens were systematically studied to achieve enhanced strain. The introduction of NT makes the phase structure transit from rhombohedral-tetragonal to pseudo-cubic structure. The original domain structure of BNBT is destroyed, and the disorder degree of the local structure increases. Simultaneously, the remnant polarization, coercive field, and piezoelectric coefficients were significantly decreased. The transition from ferroelectric to ergodic relaxation can be effectively modified, thus lowering the transition zone to room temperature. Finally, the BNBT-3NT ceramics achieve marked strain coefficients at room temperature, with a maximum strain of 0.394% under 65 kV/cm and a d 33 * of 606 pm/V.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2023
·
IF 5.2
Tao Deng,Yilin Zhang,Xinyu Zeng,Fukang Chen,Yan Yan,Yang Li,Mingyang Tang,Leiyang Zhang,Li Jin,Gang Liu
To acquire electric capacitors with enhanced energy storing performance, a composition embellishment and process improvement strategy were adopted. A serial of lead-free (Ba 0.875 Bi 0.125 ) (Li 0.0625 Nb 0.0625 Ti 0.875 )O 3 (BBLNT) ceramics were prepared via both conventional solid-state method and viscous polymer processing technology (VPP). The BBLNT-VPP ceramics achieved an ultrahigh energy storing density of 5.34 J/cm 3 and a reasonable efficiency of 88% at 470 kV/cm. In addition, the ceramics have particularly extraordinary temperature stability of W rec 2.8 J/cm 3 , △η 2.5% over 30–150 °C, as well as excellent frequency stability with W rec 3.46 J/cm 3 , η 88%, △W rec ±2.7% and △η ±4% in the range of 5–300 Hz. Meanwhile, the power density of the ceramic remained above 84.04 MW/cm 3 when the temperature was increased from room temperature to about 150 °C, indicating the ceramics possess great promise. Therefore, the BBLNT-VPP ceramics with excellent properties obtained in this work can be potentially applied in dielectric capacitors.
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