查找使用阿拉丁产品的科研文献

Binary host-guest strategy enables bright and efficient lead-free zero-dimensional tin halide light-emitting diodes

Qian Teng,Qinghua Tan,Mengyue Hou,Jiajia Zhang,Fanglong Yuan

Lead-free tin perovskites present remarkable environmental advantages over lead-based counterparts. While substantial progress has been made with three-dimensional (3D) and 2D tin perovskite LEDs (PeLEDs), the potential of 0D tin perovskites—renowned for their exceptional optical properties and enhanced stability—remains largely unexplored for PeLEDs due to challenges in charge transport and injection. In this study, we introduce a binary host-guest strategy that overcomes these challenges, enabling the demonstration of bright and efficient 0D tin PeLEDs with orange and white light emission. By incorporating 0D tin bromide hybrid (HDAD) 3 SnBr 8 into a meticulously designed binary host system, we achieved PeLEDs with a maximum brightness exceeding 7500 candela meters −2 and an external quantum efficiency surpassing 7%. The remarkable device performance is primarily attributed to improved film morphology, enhanced charge carrier mobility, and optimized carrier balance. Furthermore, by tailoring the device structure, we realized white LEDs with a maximum luminance of 1800 candela meters −2 .

Plasmon-enhanced hydrogen production from photocatalytic methanol aqueous-phase reforming over novel nickel-tin intermetallic compounds photocatalyst

Ruiyi Wang,Mingyue Lv,Jin Zhang,Fei Wang,Xiaoli Wang,Ning Wang,Guangtao Yu,Zhanfeng Zheng

Hydrogen production from the aqueous phase reforming (APR) of methanol is promising to reduce the global carbon dioxide emission, but it is still a great challenge for hydrogen production with high catalytic efficiency at low reaction temperature. Here we report that Al 2 O 3 supported Ni 3 Sn 1 intermetallic compounds nanoparticles as new class of plasmonic photocatalyst and enables low temperature (150–190 °C), efficient hydrogen production (277 μ mol g −1 min −1 ) and low CO and CH 4 selectivity ( ≤ 0.1 %) through APR with the help of light irradiation. The hydrogen production rate of Ni 3 Sn 1 /Al 2 O 3 is 8 times higher than that of conventional noble metal 3 wt% Pt/Al 2 O 3 catalyst under the same optimized reaction conditions. The exceptional photocatalytic performance for hydrogen production can be attribute to higher efficiency of “hot electron” transference into the reactant due to the higher energy level of “hot electron” and the lower energy level of metal-reactant adsorption bond induced by Sn doping in Ni 3 Sn 1 under light irradiation, which not only improve the reactivity via enhanced methanol dissociation and the sequential water–gas shift (WGS) reaction, but also suppressed catalyst poisoning via accelerated CO 2 desorption over the Ni sites.

Tin-Lead-Selenide Nanocrystals for Sensitive Uncooled Mid-Infrared Focal Plane Array Imager with Monolithic Readout Integration

Yifan Chen,Qi Wei,Shuixian Yang,Tao Zhang,Hongfei Chen,Zhihao Fu,Chao Lu,Zhengyong Liu,Yanxiong Wu,Jingshun Pan,Mingjie Li,Zhaohui Li

The mid-infrared focal plane array (FPA) imager has developed over recent decades to become multifunctional, powerful, reliable, miniaturized, and cost-effective. However, the complexity of the refrigerated packaging process (such as dewar flask) and traditional fabrication technology (such as flip-chip) continues to contribute significantly to the high cost of industrial production. Here, a simple, low-cost, and effective type of uncooled mid-infrared FPA imager is reported through the monolithic integration of mid-infrared Pb 1-x Sn x Se nanocrystals (NCs) PIN heterojunction (PbS/Pb 1-x Sn x Se/ZnO) photodetectors and glass-based readout integrated circuits (ROICs). Sn-doping in PbSe NCs not only weakens the internal photocarrier-phonon coupling to reduce thermal noise but also optimizes the energy band structure of the heterojunction to enhance mid-infrared performance. Finally, the PbS/Pb 0.86 Sn 0.14 Se/ZnO heterojunction photodetector demonstrates a dark current (2.7 x 10 −7 A mm −2 at −0.5 V), a detectivity of 7.46 × 10 9 Jones at a peak wavelength of 4.25 µm, air stability (retaining 96.7% performance at 300 K for 360 days) and the corresponding uncooled mid-infrared FPA (64 × 64 pixels) achieves excellent thermal sensitivity of 133 mK. These results underscore the substantial potential applications of mid-infrared FPA based on the heterojunction, including spectral imaging, gas leak detection, and chemical reagent identification.

Enhancing the long-term marine atmospheric corrosion performance of structural steel via an advanced Tin thermal diffusion process

Bingqin Wang,Yadi Zhao,Ruichao Yan,Liangan Liu,Xuequn Cheng,Luntao Wang,Zhong Li,Chao Liu,Dawei Zhang,Xiaogang Li

In this study, 45 steel was taken as the research object, and a tin-iron alloy layer was prepared on its surface via a thermal diffusion tinning process. Combined with a series of characterization methods, the microstructure and element distribution of the thermal diffusion layer were systematically analyzed. Additionally, through cyclic immersion tests, electrochemical measurements, and outdoor exposure tests in marine atmosphere, the effects of thermal diffusion temperature and tin content in the diffusion agent on the structure and corrosion resistance of the thermal diffusion layer were systematically investigated. The results show that thermal diffusion tinning can form an alloy layer dominated by FeSn2 on the surface of 45 steel. Moreover, the higher the thermal diffusion temperature and the greater the tin content in the diffusion agent, the larger the thickness (up to 15 μm) and the better the compactness of the alloy layer. The corrosion resistance of the tinned steel is significantly better than that of 45 steel, and it is further improved with the increase of thermal diffusion temperature, tin content, and extension of thermal diffusion time. Among them, the tinned steel prepared under the thermal diffusion process of 80%-280°C-4h exhibits a corrosion current density of 4.027 μA · cm -2 , which is only 1/400 of that of 45 steel (12.095 μA · cm -2 ), and demonstrates the latest corrosion initiation and slowest development rate in marine atmospheric exposure. The key factors contributing to the improved corrosion resistance are the stable structure of FeSn 2 intermetallic compounds in the thermal diffusion layer, the physical barrier effect of the dense alloy layer, and the protective rust layer formed during the corrosion process.

Ordered cone-structured tin directly grown on carbon paper as efficient electrocatalyst for CO2 electrochemical reduction to formate

Hexiang Zhong,Yanling Qiu,Xianfeng Li,Liwei Pan,Huamin Zhang

The conversion of carbon dioxide to chemicals by the electrochemical reactions (ERC) is an efficient solution to the current energy crisis and excess CO 2 emissions. It is still a great challenge and of significance to synthesize a highly selective, efficient, and non-noble metal electrocatalyst that facilitates the ERC reaction. A novel triton X-100 (C 14 H 22 O(C 2 H 4 O) n ) assisted electrodeposition method was developed to synthesize the ordered cone-structured tin (OCSn) electrocatalysts with controllable morphology and structure. The results suggest that Triton X-100 plays an important role in directing the structure of the Sn electrocatalysts during the electrodeposition process. The OCSn synthesized at 60 mA cm −2 achieves the best performances. It selectively catalyzes the ERC on the onset potential about 110 mV lower than Sn synthesized without Triton X-100. In 0.5 M NaHCO 3 , high faradaic efficiency (92%) for formate product on OCSn has been achieved. More prominently, the catalyst presents excellent stability, showing no performance deterioration during 30 h electrolysis. This work provides an efficient, green, and scalable synthesis method of the electrocatalyst for CO 2 reduction to formate.

High-Performance Back-Channel-Etch Thin-Film Transistors With Zinc Tin Oxide as Barrier Layer via Spray Coating

Min Li,Dongchen Huang,Meiling Li,Wei Zhang,Hua Xu,Jianhua Zou,Hong Tao,Lei Wang,Junbiao Peng,Miao Xu

Tin nanoparticle/3D framework carbon composite derived from sodium citrate as the stable anode of lithium-ion batteries

Wu Jie,Jin Gaoyao,Chen Yaopeng,Wu Pengbo,Li Yajuan,Liu You-Nian

Sn-based anode materials have gained more attention for application in lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), due to tin having the characteristics of high specific capacity, low cost, and environmentally friendly. However, low capacity retention due to the large volume changes upon lithiation/delithiation limits their further development. In this paper, tin nanoparticle/3D framework carbon composite (denoted as Sn@SC) is obtained by calcining the composite of trisodium citrate and stannous sulfide. The Sn@SC composite delivers a stable cycling capacity of 410.9 mAh/g after 150 cycles and 300.1 mAh/g after 950 cycles at 1 A/g. The excellent electrochemical performance can be assigned to the fact that the hollow porous carbon can provide enough space for the volume change of tin nanoparticles in the step-by-step alloying process and shorten the electron transport path, thus increasing the structural stability and rate capability.

Fluorophenylhydrazine-Modulated Pure-Red Tin-Based Perovskite LEDs With 99% Rec. 2020 Gamut Coverage for Active-Matrix Displays

Xinzhen Ji,Yunlong Yang,Qinglin Zeng,Shuailing Lin,Qicong Zhou,Meng Wang,Fei Zhang,Weihong Chu,Qianli Liu,Niannian Wang,Zhenghao Xia,Zhuangzhuang Ma,Jibin Zhang,Xinjian Li,Zhifeng Shi

Two-dimensional tin (Sn)-based perovskite light-emitting diodes (PeLEDs), featuring pure-red emission and eco-friendly characteristics, show great potential in wide color-gamut displays. However, their electroluminescence performance still lags significantly behind that of the lead-based counterparts, primarily due to the challenges of fast crystallization rate and undesired self-oxidation of Sn 2+ to Sn 4+ . Here, we report a rational molecular design strategy using 3,5-difluorophenylhydrazine hydrochloride (2FPHCl), which provides both reduction and passivation functionalities. The fluorine substituents form hydrogen bonds with TEA + in TEA 2 SnI 4 to modulate the crystallization process, while the hydrazine group acts as a reductant to suppress Sn 2+ oxidation. Consequently, defects arising from fast crystallization and self-oxidation in tin-based perovskites are simultaneously mitigated. The optimized pure-red perovskite films exhibit a sixfold enhancement in photoluminescence quantum yield, along with more balanced carrier injection. As a result, the state-of-the-art pure-red PeLEDs achieve an external quantum efficiency of 11.7%, a Rec. 2020 color-gamut coverage of 99%, and a microsecond-scale response. This strategy further enables large-area devices with emitting areas up to 12.25 cm 2 and the first tin-based perovskite active-matrix displays integrated with a thin-film transistor backplane, which are capable of presenting clear cartoon images and videos.

Macrophage-amplified toxicity of indium tin oxide nanoparticles to bronchial epithelial cells involving ROS-associated NF-κB signaling

Yu Zhang,Yu-Qi Hong,Yi Liu,Ye Yuan,Zi-Xuan Lu,Xiang Zhang,Ting-Ting Zhu

Indium tin oxide nanoparticles (ITO NPs) are widely used in optoelectronic industries, and increasing occupational exposure has raised concern about their pulmonary toxicity. Although ITO exposure has been associated with severe lung diseases, the mechanisms underlying epithelial injury remain unclear. Here, a simplified macrophage–epithelial cell model using RAW264.7 macrophages and BEAS-2B epithelial cells was established to investigate how macrophages modulate ITO NP-induced epithelial toxicity. Direct exposure to ITO NPs caused limited toxicity in BEAS-2B cells, whereas conditioned medium from ITO NP-exposed RAW264.7 cells was associated with reduced epithelial viability, increased LDH release, and EMT-like changes. Dissolved indium species alone did not fully account for the observed effects, whereas macrophage-derived oxidative stress and associated inflammatory responses appeared to contribute more substantially to the epithelial responses. Transcriptomic and biochemical analyses showed that ITO NPs induced oxidative stress and activated NF-κB signaling in macrophages. Inhibition of ROS or NF-κB attenuated macrophage-derived cytotoxicity and reduced EMT-like changes in epithelial cells. These findings support a role for macrophages as important regulators of ITO NP-induced epithelial injury and provide additional mechanistic insight into ITO-related pulmonary toxicity.

Regulation of Interstitial Buffering Space in Yolk–Shell Tin–Carbon Nanocomposites Used as Electrodes for Lithium-Ion Batteries

Haozhi Zhao,Congwei Wang,Quanlong Wang,Chuanyi Chen,Longyu Wang,Rongyu Li,Yongyong Yu,Yuede Pan,Gang Li,Kaiying Wang

Tin-based anodic materials, benefiting from their large theoretical specific capacity and minimal operating potential, are considered high-development potential alternative anodes for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, the alloying-dealloying processes between tin (Sn) and lithium ions result in severe volume expansion, which leads to a poorly stabilized solid-electrolyte interface (SEI) layer and resultant inferior cycling performance, posing major obstacles to their commercialization. Herein, a structural regulation strategy was proposed to optimize the interstitial void buffer layer within yolk–shell structures to mitigate the lithiation-associated volume expansion. The tetraethyl orthosilicate-hydrolyzed SiO2 layer was located between Sn and the resin-derived carbon coating, whose thickness could be sophisticatedly optimized via regulating the hydrolysis durations. Following the carbonization and etching, an optimized buffer layer was encapsulated within a protective carbon shell (Sn@Void@C), which could effectively accommodate Sn’s volume expansion during the alloying period, significantly enhancing its performance in electrochemical processes and structural stability. Specifically, the Sn@Void@C anode retained a high specific capacity of 720 mAh g–1 after 400 cycles at 0.2 C and demonstrated an outstanding capacity of 520 mAh g–1 after 500 cycles at 0.5 C. This work provides a facile and effective strategy for rationally designing tin-based anodes for lithium-ion batteries.

Efficient reduction and adsorption of U(VI) by TiN-modified zero-valent nickel: mechanistic insights and DFT calculations

Linkai He,Xingqiang Wu,Yixin Pan,Faquan Wu

The mining of uranium ore and the disposal of nuclear power plant waste may lead to uranium contamination. Particularly in aquatic environments, uranium exhibits high solubility and mobility, thereby causing severe radioactive pollution to groundwater, soil, and ecosystems. Such contamination poses significant challenges for remediation efforts. In this study, we synthesized a composite material (Ni-TiN) composed of nano-titanium nitride (TiN) and zero-valent nickel using an in-situ reduction method, achieving efficient uranium adsorption and reduction. The experimental results demonstrated that under the conditions of 303 K and pH = 5, the maximum uranium adsorption capacity reached 418.97 mg/g, accompanied by a significant enhancement in the removal rate. The experimental data perfectly fit the pseudo-second-order kinetic model. Combined with density functional theory (DFT) calculations, this indicates that the removal process of U(VI) by the composite material involves a combination of chemical reduction and complexation, further elucidating its adsorption mechanism. In the presence of multiple ions, only a few ions significantly inhibited U(VI) removal. These findings suggest that Ni-TiN exhibits exceptional environmental adaptability and selective adsorption capacity, highlighting its significant potential in the field of environmental remediation.

Controlled Assembly of Bimetallic PtRh-Modified Tin Oxide Hollow Nanotubes with High Sensing Activity for Ultrasensitive Formaldehyde Detection

Ge Wang,Haijie Cai,Jinlei Wei,Xingyu Wang,Xueqing Zhang,Tianjun Ni,Yongheng Zhu

Gas sensors for rapid identification of formaldehyde (HCHO) exposure risks are of great significance, given the volatility, toxicity, and near-imperceptibility of HCHO. However, the precise design of highly reactive sensing materials remains a substantial challenge that limits the application of gas sensors. Here, PtRh-modified tin oxide (PtRh/SnO2) hollow nanotubes with an open hollow nanostructure and bimetallic sensitization are proposed for regulating the reactivity to achieve ideal improvement in HCHO-sensing performance. The prepared 1.5% PtRh/SnO2 hollow nanotube-based sensor achieves a high sensing response (Ra/Rg = 265.8–25 ppm of HCHO), fast response and recovery rate (2.6 and 6.1 s), good selectivity, and strong anti-interference toward HCHO at 200 °C. Based on the ex/in situ characterizations and density functional theory (DFT) calculations, the enhanced sensing properties are mainly attributed to the construction of hierarchical hollow nanostructures providing sufficient active sites for gas absorption, as well as the oxygen spillover effect from Pt, the catalytic property of Rh, and their synergistic effects. Hence, the architecture demonstrates enhanced adsorption capacity and interfacial reactivity toward HCHO, thereby improving the sensing response and selectivity. In addition, the PtRh/SnO2 sensor was used to monitor the HCHO in oysters, providing promising applications in real-time aquatic product HCHO monitoring.