Polymers
·
2026
·Vol. 18
·期 14
·1778
·
IF 5.8
Hanyang Zhao,Qingjun Jin,Hongwei Zhao,Yunkai Yang,Xiang Cheng,Xiujuan Ren,Hongxing Shi
To elucidate the formation of crosslinked products and their influence on material degradation, thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) films were subjected to accelerated UV aging for various durations. Post-aging, the samples underwent Soxhlet extraction with tetrahydrofuran (THF), yielding an insoluble fraction—operationally defined as the crosslinked product—and a soluble uncrosslinked fraction. The mechanical properties, molecular weight distribution, swelling behavior, thermal properties, and chemical structure were analyzed. As UV aging progressed, both tensile strength and elongation at break deteriorated markedly. Concurrently, GPC analysis revealed a continuous decrease in molecular weight and a broadening of the molecular weight distribution, confirming that chain scission was the dominant degradation pathway. An insoluble network-like residue, defined as the crosslinked product, first appeared after 12 h of aging, with its content increasing to 22.9% after 300 h. Swelling tests showed that the crosslinked product had a high gel fraction, and its swelling ratio decreased from 196.8% to 157.4%, indicating the formation of a stable and increasingly dense network. DSC and TG results revealed restricted segmental motion, altered thermal transition behavior, and enhanced char-forming ability. The glass transition temperature of the crosslinked product exceeded that of the pristine TPU film. FTIR analysis showed variations in the -NH2, C=O, C-O, and C-O-C bands, confirming structural evolution within both hard and soft segments. In summary, UV aging of TPU involves a complex interplay among chain scission, degradation of soft segments, rearrangement of hard segments, evolution of hydrogen bonds, and radical-induced crosslinking. Crucially, the crosslinked network formed during aging plays a pivotal role in determining the macroscopic structural, thermal, and mechanical properties of the polymer.
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高影响因子
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 98
·期 29
·21624-21633
·
IF 7.3
Zong Ziang,Qu Chaomin,Ding Leping,Ma Xiao,Abulipizi Gulizhabaier,Fang Yanlun,Li Li,Xie Wei,Wang Jiajia,Zhou Juanjuan,Li Zhanjun
Chemi-
or bioluminescence assays have broad applications
in biomedical
analysis, yet they still suffer from a flash effect or difficulty
in maintaining time synchronization during high-throughput assays.
Persistent luminescence (PersL) nanoprobes are able to emit photons
for a rather long time without any chemical reactions and have promising
applications in developing a physi-luminescence assay. Herein, SiO 2 /Zn 2 SiO 4 :Mn,Yb,Ge nanoparticles (MYG,
Zn/Si/Mn/Yb/Ge molar ratio, 2/15/0.003/0.060/0.100) were synthesized
with PersL properties at 525 nm. Mesoporous silica nanoparticles were
used as a nanotemplate to control the size and morphology, which allowed
for gram-scale production (1.1277 g). Ge was found to be an efficient
codopant to realize the enhanced PersL of MYG. A hydrophobic azo dye,
Sudan III, was loaded onto the MYG surface to form a quenched MYG-S
nanoprobe. Under 254 nm UV illumination, Sudan III was oxidized by
H 2 O 2 , and PersL was recovered. The “OFF–ON”
PersL property of MYG-S was applied to develop a physi-luminescence
assay method for H 2 O 2 , glucose, and glucose
oxidase in serum. As the PersL of the samples in a 96-well plate was
activated by simultaneous UV illumination rather than by adding chemicals,
high-throughput photographic luminescence analysis was realized with
accuracy and repeatability. Our research indicates the promising applications
of PersL nanoprobes in developing a physi-luminescence assay.
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JOURNAL OF THE EUROPEAN CERAMIC SOCIETY
·
2026
·Vol. 46
·期 16
·118692
·
IF 6.3
Chengfan Yuan,Qiang Gao,Xinhui Geng,Wuju Wang,Liancai Xun,Puzheng Zhang,Ping Hu
C/SiC composites known for excellent high-temperature resistance and favorable mechanical properties are promising thermal protection materials. However, pores and microcracks from traditional processes significantly degrade their high-temperature oxidation resistance. Herein, we propose an integrated technique that combines coating preparation with matrix densification. Using this approach, a uniform SiC coating (50 μm thickness) was successfully prepared on C/SiC composites, while simultaneously achieving matrix densification. SiC-C/SiC composites exhibited superior oxidation resistance at 1000–1600 ℃. After 1600 ℃ oxidation, the mass loss rate decreased from 16.8% to 6%, and flexural strength (246 ± 24 MPa) was 2.5 times that of C/SiC composites (91 ± 37 MPa). Additionally, SiC-C/SiC composites demonstrated excellent oxidation and ablation resistance at 1600–1800 ℃ compared with conventional C/SiC composites. This technique allows component design to be tailored to practical requirements, providing a feasible method for efficient preparation of coatings.
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Food Chemistry-X
·
2026
·
IF 9.2
Guili Huang,Yu Shi,Xinyao Quan,Qianshuo Shao,Su Yan,Siyao Sui,Jiajia Ma,Jiayu Qian,Weiming Chai,Yuning Wang
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs) are critical determinants of loquat flavor quality and cultivar differentiation, but comprehensive characterization and rapid detection remain challenging. This study aimed to establish a robust approach for discriminating three loquat cultivars and evaluating their flavor quality by integrating electronic nose (E-nose) technology and Comprehensive Two-Dimensional Gas Chromatography–Time-of-Flight Mass Spectrometry (GC × GC-TOF-MS). GC × GC-TOF-MS was used for VOC profiling, while E-nose was applied for rapid fragrance characterization, with orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) and correlation analysis performed to identify discriminatory compounds and sensor-VOC relationships. GC × GC-TOF-MS identified over 2000 volatile compounds across three loquat cultivars. OPLS-DA further screened 22 discriminatory VOCs with variable importance in projection (VIP) values >1, which contributed to aroma hierarchy shifts among cultivars. E-nose sensors W1W and W1S showed high sensitivity to floral-scent-related VOCs, serving as key factors for distinguishing fragrance quality. Notably, E-nose detection results exhibited good consistency with GC × GC-TOF-MS data, and W1W/W1S sensors were significantly positively correlated with key VOCs. These findings demonstrate that the integration of E-nose and GC × GC-TOF-MS offers complementary advantages for comprehensive VOC characterization and cultivar discrimination. The established approach provides a scientific basis for optimizing loquat quality standards by incorporating VOC-driven biochemical authenticity and a potential efficient method for rapid, non-destructive assessment of postharvest flavor quality in loquat cultivars. These results facilitate quality control and cultivar authentication in the fruit industry.
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ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY
·
2026
·Vol. 98
·期 30
·22374-22386
·
IF 7.3
Bu Zhijian,Wang Linjie,Yao Yuxuan,Chen Xinyu,Tang Zheng,Du Dan,Wu Shengtao,Lin Yuehe,Liang Hao,Niu Xiangheng
As alternatives to bioenzymes, nanozymes find promising
applications
in biochemical sensing thanks to their recognized superiorities, but
their lack of specific interactions with targets of interest seriously
hinders the exploration of selective analytical strategies when no
external receptors are employed. Additionally, most nanozymes exhibit
poor catalytic efficiency, much lower than their natural counterparts,
thus restricting the sensitivity of detection. Different from the
explored “turn-off” analytical principle relying on
the coordination of the target with a nanozyme catalytic product,
here we proposed an analyte-unique “signal-on” strategy
based on the direct target–nanozyme interaction for the sensitive
sensing of uranyl via temperature-programming the peroxidase (POD)-mimetic
activity of CoO x . As wet-chemical temperature
increased, the oxygen vacancy (O V ) content on CoO x surfaces exhibited a volcano-type trend, and its
catalytic efficiency correlated with the former positively. UO 2 2+ was found to stimulate the POD-like activity
of CoO x via increasing O V ,
exhibiting excellent specificity against other common species. Leveraging
the unique CoO x –UO 2 2+ interaction and the temperature-programmed activity of CoO x , we validated a “light-up”
colorimetric approach for UO 2 2+ selective determination,
achieving a wide detection range (0.01–2 μM) and a low
limit (5 nM). A deployable device based on intelligent reading was
further fabricated to enable on-site monitoring of the analyte. Our
work provides a “signal-on” nanozyme sensing strategy
for the quantification of UO 2 2+ , featuring specific
response, catalytic signal amplification, and free from bioreceptors.
Also, it proves a facile route to achieve dual modulation of enzyme-mimetic
activity and analyte response for broader applications.
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Journal of the American Chemical Society
·
2026
·Vol. 148
·期 28
·29854-29863
·
IF 16.6
Li Ke,Yuan Guanghui,Cao Yingchang,Wang Jixuan,Jin Zihao,Zhao Xiaoyang,Hao Fang,Liu Keyu,Jia Zhenzhen,Xi Kelai,Liang Chao,Zare Richard N.
Efficient and environmentally benign recovery of precious metals from complex aqueous systems remains a central challenge. Here, we demonstrate that thermally generated water microdroplets at oil–water interfaces function as highly reactive interfacial microenvironments that enable selective gold reduction and macroscopic particle growth without external reductants, catalysts, or sorbents. Mild heating of oil–water mixtures containing Au ions produces abundant interfacial water microdroplets (5–50 μm) that continuously generate redox-active species, including solvated electrons, hydrogen atoms, and hydroxyl radicals, thereby driving reduction reactions that do not occur in bulk water. Selectivity is governed by a dual criterion: (i) thermodynamic accessibility above the solvent reduction limit imposed by hydrogen evolution and (ii) chemical stability of the reduced phase under strongly acidic conditions. Au satisfies both requirements, and extension experiments with Pt and Ag validate the broader applicability of this principle, whereas competing base metals are excluded either by redox constraints or by instability of their reduced forms. Dynamic microdroplet coalescence and rupture further couple redox chemistry with particle growth, promoting nanoparticle aggregation into micrometer- to millimeter-scale Au particles that are readily separated. The oil phase is recyclable over multiple cycles, enabling high-yield gold recovery with minimal inputs and waste generation. These findings, validated across capillary, glass-vial, and upgraded reactor systems, establish interfacial microdroplet chemistry as a scalable framework for selective precious-metal recovery.
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ACS Applied Bio Materials
·
2026
·Vol. 9
·期 15
·6887-6900
·
IF 5.6
Liu Lingfei,Li Ke,Yan Ziyi,Xia Congyan,Yu Hongsi,Wu Ke,Sun Haihang,Yan Lin,Li Bo,Liu Zhongning
Conventional gelatin (Gel) and alginate hydrogels possess excellent biocompatibility. Their high water content and three-dimensional porous structure mimic the extracellular matrix, facilitating nutrient transport and metabolic waste removal. However, their application in bone tissue engineering is hindered by insufficient mechanical strength, rapid degradation, and weak osteogenic activity. In this study, we developed a self-cross-linking hydrogel (GOP hydrogel) reinforced with calcium phosphate oligomers (CPO). The network was formed via a Schiff base reaction between periodate-oxidized sodium alginate (OSA) and gelatin, with small-sized CPO acting as an inorganic cross-linker to enhance intermolecular bonding and strengthen the polymeric network. The composite hydrogel was characterized by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD), and its mechanical properties, degradation behavior, and swelling capacity were evaluated. The GOP hydrogel exhibited excellent biocompatibility, supported cell viability and osteogenic differentiation, and promoted vascularized healing in critical-sized calvarial defects in rats. With the incorporation of CPO, the hydrogels exhibited enhanced mechanical strength, regulated degradation and swelling, and improved mineralization and osteogenic activity. These findings indicate that the GOP hydrogel meets the key requirements for bone tissue engineering scaffolds and holds considerable promise for bone regeneration applications.
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CELLULOSE
·
2026
·
IF 4.6
Yu Jiayan,Li Xin,Xiao Yunyan,Zhong Tuhua,Cheng Haitao,Chen Hong
Plant fiber foams are gaining increasing attention as a sustainable alternative to petroleum-based plastic foams, yet their hydrophilicity and mechanical limitations hinder practical application. Herein, bamboo fiber foams with tailored microstructure were constructed. Two distinct types of cellulose nanofibers (CNFs)—high-solid cellulose nanofibers (HS-CNFs) and low-solid cellulose nanofibers (LS-CNFs)—served as key structural regulators. HS-CNFs were prepared via mechano-enzymatic fibrillation, while LS-CNFs were obtained through succinic anhydride esterification. Crucially, these distinct types of CNCs dictated fundamentally different foam architectures. HS-CNFs promoted porous networks, whereas LS-CNFs enabled hollow structure. The addition of 10% SiO 2 aerogel to HS-CNF-reinforced foams significantly enhanced hydrophobicity, whereas incorporating 30% SiO 2 into LS-CNF-reinforced foams provided insufficient improvement. MTMS modification effectively imparted hydrophobicity to all foams regardless of CNF type. The hydrophobic hollow LS-CNF-reinforced foam incorporated with 5% MTMS loading exhibited ultralow thermal conductivity (0.047 W/(m·K)) and a density (0.049 g/cm 3 ). In contrast, hydrophobic porous HS-CNF-reinforced foams demonstrated superior mechanical properties, achieving a compressive modulus of 3.85 MPa and an energy absorption capability of 126.82 kJ/m 3 . This study establishes an eco-friendly CNF-driven strategy for engineering fiber foams with programmable microstructure, enabling multi-functional applications in thermal insulation, packaging scenarios and so on. Graphical
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Mi Xiaoqian,Liu Lixue,Yang Shujia,Wu Peiqi,Zhan Weiqing,Ji Xinyi,Liang Jiajie
Achieving directly printed patterns that are conductive, stretchable, and high-resolution is critical for the scalable manufacturing of wearable electronics, but the competing demands of these properties make it an unresolved challenge. Here, we present a one-step fabrication strategy that overcomes these conflicts using a rationally designed silver nanowire (AgNW)/emulsion ink. The thixotropic AgNW-based ink comprises trace hyperbranched molecules as stabilizers and an aqueous polyacrylic emulsion, enabling direct screen-printing of patterns with a fine resolution of 30 µm via a critical stepwise solvent-drying process. This process first allows AgNWs to settle into a percolating conductive network, then triggers the polyacrylic emulsion particles to coalesce and fuse into an elastomeric matrix that semi-embeds the nanowire junctions, thereby establishing an effective mechanism for dissipating strain. The resulting composite electrodes achieve an initial conductivity of up to 1.6×10 4 S cm −1 , remarkable stretchability exceeding 500% strain, and stable electromechanical performance under stretching ( R / R 0 = 2.3 at 100% strain and 6.6 at 200% strain) and over 10000 stretching cycles under 40% strain. Utilizing relatively environmentally friendly solvents, our work provides a scalable, post-treatment-free platform for fabricating high-performance stretchable electrode materials for wearable electronics.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhao Dafu,Tang Zisheng,Liu Jinfeng,Hu Zhiyi,Yin Zhiwen,Lv Jieheng,Liao Xiaobin,Wang Xiaoqian,Liu Yingfei,Liu Damin,Chen Lihua,Su Bao-Lian,Zhao Dongyuan,Liu Yong
Practical electrochemical energy conversion requires electrocatalysts that coordinate multiple elementary steps at spatially distinct active sites, yet atomic-level control of such site-specific reactivity within a single heterogeneous particle remains challenging. Here we propose and realize atomic-scale gradient strain as a design concept for heterogeneous electrocatalysis. Using Pd@Pt core-shell tetrahedra as a model system, we construct a continuous lattice-strain gradient across individual 3–4 atomic-layer Pt {111} epitaxial shells, where lattice-mismatch-driven compression relaxes from edges to center regions. This single-particle strain gradient, spanning approximately −8% to −2%, spatially links *O 2 activation at highly compressed sites with *OH weakening at moderately compressed sites through kinetically accessible intermediate redistribution. The catalysts exhibit competitive oxygen reduction reaction performance, with mass and specific activities of 2.19 A mg Pt ⁻ 1 and 3.01 mA cm⁻ 2 at 0.9 V vs reversible hydrogen electrode, while retaining 91% activity after 20 k cycles. In membrane electrode assemblies, they achieve 0.57 A mg Pt ⁻ 1 , and peak power densities of 2.10 W cm⁻ 2 in H 2 − O 2 and 1.16 W cm⁻ 2 in H 2 −air, with over 90% performance retention after 20 k cycles.
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JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE
·
2026
·
IF 4.4
Zhang Yong,Jiao Gongao,Ding Zuozhe,Zhang Dongzhi
Hydrogen Sulfide (H 2 S) gas can cause physiological discomfort at low concentrations and is lethal at high concentrations. It is one of the major pollutants in the petrochemical industry. In this article, carbon-modified WO 3 nanoparticle gas-sensitive sensing materials were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and high-performance H 2 S gas-sensitive sensing devices were fabricated. At a doping ratio of 2:3, the optimal working temperature for the carbon-modified WO 3 (C-WO 3 ) nanoparticles is 160 °C. It exhibits a response value of 23.7 for 10 ppm of H 2 S gas, with a response and recovery time of 6 s/64 s. The material demonstrates excellent selectivity, repeatability, and long-term stability for detecting H 2 S gas. These outstanding performance characteristics make it a promising candidate for H 2 S gas detection applications. This modification enhances the material’s gas-sensing performance and its resistance to interference. Finally, first-principles calculations revealed the mechanism behind the improvement in the H 2 S gas-sensing performance of carbon-modified WO 3 sensing materials.
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Nature Communications
·
2026
·
IF 18.1
Zhang Guiru,Ji Ning,Luo Liuxuan,Li Xiangrui,Shen Peng,Xue Rui,Yuan Shu,Huang Junyi,Zhao Congfan,Bi Tianzi,Cheng Xiaojing,Guo Yangge,Yan Xiaohui,Su Xiaozhi,Shen Shuiyun,Zhang Junliang
Single-atom catalysts (SACs) are favored owing to their well-defined motifs and notable CO selectivity in electrochemical CO 2 reduction. However, the dynamic coordination evolution under working conditions and the structure-activity relationships remain highly puzzling. Herein, we suggest that flexible Zn–P 3 nanodomains with weak-bond interactions may exhibit a potential-dependent structural modulation under working conditions compared to Zn–N 4 configurations. A possible metastable state with reduced Zn–P x -like coordination may be formed from the Zn–P 3 structure under CO 2 reduction working conditions. Based on in situ spectroscopy analysis, deuterium isotope kinetic analysis, and theoretical calculations, the low-coordination Zn and the possibly perturbed P sites may serve as efficient active sites for the first step of sequential proton–electron transfer in the CO 2 electroreduction. The collaborative assignments within this dynamic catalytic nanodomain, rather than at individual metal site, may contribute to the improved the intrinsic activity, which delivers a high turnover frequency (47,690 h −1 ) and a CO production rate (213 mL h −1 cm −2 ) at 500 mA cm −2 for 100 h. Our work elucidates the dynamic coordination-governed mechanisms of SACs and underscores the necessity of probing their structural basis under operating conditions.
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