INORGANIC CHEMISTRY COMMUNICATIONS
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2025
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IF 5.4
Tingfei Yang,Na Chen,Anqi Li,Anrui Feng,Yihan Li,Yaru Qin,Xue Qin,Chenglong Shi
P2-Na 0.67 Ni 0.33 Mn 0.67 O 2 cathode material is considered as an ideal cathode material for sodium-ion batteries due to its high capacity. However, it has P2-O2 phase transition, which leads to fast capacity decay. This paper investigates the effect of Zn/Al co-substitution on their chemical-electrical properties. The experimental results show that this strategy successfully transforms the unfavorable P2-O2 phase transition that occurs in the material during cycling into a reversible P2-OP4 phase transition, and the reversible capacity and capacity retention of the P2-type cathode material are significantly improved. It maintains a high energy density of up to 444 Wh·Kg −1 in the first five charge/discharge cycles, facilitating the future practical implementation and commercialization of the material.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF REFRACTORY METALS & HARD MATERIALS
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2025
·
IF 4.6
Taotao Cai,Ying Zhang,Shili Zheng,Longkai Liu,Yi Zhang,Bin Yu
V Al master alloys are essential raw materials for producing high-quality titanium alloys, which are generally produced by aluminothermic reduction, metal-slag gravitational separation method. The conventional way faces the challenges of excessively high reaction temperatures, metallic inclusions in slag, and difficulties in fabricating higher-Al-content alloy in one step. To conquer these issues, this research has reported a new method to precisely fabricate V Al master alloy with a designated composition, which is an aluminum reduction coupled with an acid leaching process. The reduction byproduct of weak-acid-soluble calcium aluminate, the critical parameters for Al reduction, and the reaction routes are determined. This research has demonstrated that various V Al master alloys (expressed as AlV x ) are successfully prepared by heating the optimal mixture of V 2 O 3 + (2 + 2 x -)/ x Al + 2.0CaO + 1.35CaCl 2 (in molar ratio) at 1000 °C for 5 h in Ar and pickling the reduction material using HCl acid with pH controlled at 1.2. Oxygen in 6Al4V, 4Al6V, and 2Al8V alloy powders are 400 ppm, 500–700 ppm, and 1800–2000 ppm, respectively. The 4Al6V powder produced by this reported method is compared with the commercial one, with comparable phase and chemical compositions but with finer sizes preferred in powder metallurgy sintering. The main reactions or phase changes that happen during heating include stepwise removal of surface and crystalline water from CaCl 2 , melting of Al, reaction between V 2 O 3 and CaO, melting of CaO-CaCl 2 binary compound, and Al reduction reaction. The method developed in this study can also be used to prepare other alloys, such as Ti Al and Ti Fe alloy powders.
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JOURNAL OF THERMAL ANALYSIS AND CALORIMETRY
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2025
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IF 3.1
Yang Zhan-jun,Liu Hao,Das Oisik,Wang Xiao-qian,Li Mi,Han Zhong-xuan,Jiang Lin,Rotaru Andrei
This study contributes to advancing research in aluminium alloys employed as fuels for thermites (pyrotechnic compositions formed of metal and metal oxide powders). Aluminium alloys possess certain potential in regulating energy release and enhancing combustion efficiency; in order to explore better formulations for the aluminium alloy fuel thermite, PVDF-coated Al–Si samples with different proportions were prepared here by using the electrostatic spraying method. In this study, we are primarily addressing the energy release limitation problems which are imposed by the oxide layer formation during the combustion of aluminium–silicon alloy powders in air and explore the optimal formulation of aluminium–silicon fuel combined with fluoropolymer oxidants. Leveraging advanced electrostatic spraying technology, various PVDF (polyvinylidene fluoride)-coated Al–Si samples (Al–Si@PVDF) were successfully synthesized. Morphological characterization confirmed the complete encapsulation of Al–Si alloy powders by PVDF, yielding spherical core–shell structures with uniform elemental distribution and favourable microstructural characteristics. Further, by thermal analysis and calorimetry investigation, a two-stage reaction between Al–Si and PVDF was unveiled: an initial PVDF decomposition phase followed by an ignition reaction phase. To comprehensively evaluate the combustion performance of samples with varying proportions, high-speed and infrared cameras were employed for precise observations, enabling a deep dive into the combustion parameters and their disparities under two distinct spatial conditions. Through these combustion performance experiments and post-combustion product analysis, we deduced the micro-combustion process mechanism of Al–Si@PVDF. This works not only that it provides a scientific basis for optimizing the formulation of aluminium–silicon fuels and fluoropolymer oxidants, but also holds positive implications for advancing research and development in aluminium alloy-based metastable intermolecular composites. Last but not least, besides the high combustion rates, low ignition temperatures, stable combustion, and strong exothermic performance were obtained for these thermite composite materials.
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ChemistrySelect
·
2025
·Vol. 10
·期 13
·e202500754
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IF 2
Bing Lei,Yao Yao,Taiyuan Zhang,Sifan Tu,Keqi Huang,Jianxiang Cao,Zi Yang,Zhiyuan Feng
Graphical In this work, a direct immersion method was utilized to modify waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coatings with PDA, which introduces a new convenient strategy for enhancing WPU coatings and enriches corrosion protection methods for Al alloys. Al alloys are widely used, primarily due to their excellent electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, formability, and weldability. However, corrosion issues have limited their further development. Organic coatings are an important means of corrosion protection, yet as environmental awareness grows, waterborne anticorrosion coatings (e.g., waterborne polyurethanes) are gradually replacing traditional organic coatings. Compared with solvent-based organic coatings, however, waterborne coatings still face shortcomings in their protective performance and require modification. This study used polydopamine (PDA) to modify a waterborne polyurethane (WPU) coating. Samples were immersed in a 3.5 wt.% NaCl solution, and the properties of the coatings before and after modification were evaluated by electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). After 30 days of immersion in 3.5 wt.% NaCl, the maximum |Z| 0.01 Hz of PDA-modified WPU was more than 8.0 × 10 5 Ω∙cm 2 , which is significantly higher than the |Z| 0.01 Hz of 1.0 × 10 5 Ω∙cm 2 for the unmodified WPU. Various characterization techniques demonstrated that PDA successfully addressed defects in the WPU coating, improving its overall density. This densification effectively slowed the diffusion of chloride ions and other corrosive species, thereby enhancing the coating's anti-corrosion performance. This work introduces a new strategy for enhancing waterborne polyurethane coatings and enriches corrosion protection methods for aluminum alloys.
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COMBUSTION SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 1.5
Baichen Chen,Yi Wang,Jianchen He,Xiaolan Song,Chongwei An
This article uses a combination of experimental and simulation methods for mutual verification to explore the possibility of nano aluminum thermite damaging chips and disrupting circuit systems. In terms of experiments, Fe2O3/SiO2/Al and SnO2/SiO2/Al aluminum thermites were prepared by physically mixing micro Al powder, nano SiO2, and nano metal oxide powder in a certain proportion. The binder was added and pressed into a charge column for ignition testing. The prepared aluminum thermite was characterized and its performance was tested using X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy(XPS), and constant pressure combustion experiments.In terms of molecular dynamics simulation, Materials Studio software was used to investigate the interaction relationships between atoms in the aluminum thermite. The reaction process and properties of the aluminum thermite under adiabatic conditions at different initial temperatures were explored from the perspectives of potential energy, radial distribution function, mean square displacement, and self diffusion coefficient. The simulation results were compared with experimental reaction phenomena. The results show that the aluminum thermite prepared by physical method is uniformly mixed, various materials are fully adhered, well dispersed, and there is no agglomeration phenomenon. In terms of combustion performance, the overall performance of Fe2O3/SiO2/Al thermite is better than that of SnO2/SiO2/Al thermite, with higher combustion efficiency, higher reaction temperature, and the ability to maintain high temperature for a longer period of time. The combustion of Fe2O3/SiO2/Al aluminum thermite is more complete, and the reaction generates more elemental Si, which plays a positive role in the damage of chips. In terms of molecular dynamics simulation, the aluminum thermal reaction of Fe2O3/SiO2/Al at different initial temperatures is more stable, with a faster energy release rate and a higher total energy content than SnO2/SiO2/Al. The aluminum thermal reaction generates oxides of elemental Fe/Sn, Si, and Al. Overall, the diffusion coefficients of both aluminum thermites increase with the increase of initial temperature, and the intensity of the reaction also increases with the increase of initial temperature. Temperature has an accelerating effect on their diffusion, and SnO2/SiO2/Al has stronger diffusion ability than Fe2O3/SiO2/Al. The Fe2O3/SiO2/Al aluminum thermite has a better damage effect on chips, and the simulation and experimental results are consistent.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2025
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IF 9
Xin-Ru Chen,Heng Mao,Qiu-Ying Zhang,Wei-Min Liu,Shen-Hui Li,Qian-Qian Li,Li-Hao Xu,Yan-Mei Zhang,Xin-Yue Zhang,Jun-Jie Liu,Ao Kou,Zhi-Ping Zhao
Interfacial engineering in mixed matrix membranes (MMMs) is essential to attain superior separation performance and ensure long-term operational stability. In this research, a range of novel MMMs were designed and fabricated for pervaporation (PV) separation of n-butanol/water solution by introducing the MIL-53(Al) particles and three variants (i.e., MIL-53(Al)–NH 2 , MIL-53(Al)–NO 2 , MIL-53(Al)–OH) into PEBA polymer matrix. These four MIL-53(Al) counterparts were synthesized via a microwave-assisted solvothermal method by selectively functionalizing the terephthalic acid linkers with different chemical groups. The functional MIL-53(Al) variants were employed to explore the relationship between membrane microstructures and PV performance by manipulating the interfacial interactions with PEBA matrix. The findings reveal that incorporating MIL-53(Al) variants not only displayed excellent interfacial compatibility and uniform dispersion within PEBA matrix, but also constructed the preferential transport pathways for n-butanol over water molecules. Impressively, in a 1 wt% n-butanol aqueous solution at 40 °C, the resultant membrane attained a permeation flux of 1483.3 g·m -2 ·h -1 and a separation factor of 18.1. Compared to the PEBA/PVDF membrane, the total flux was enhanced by 17.1 %, and the separation factor was improved by 46.4 %. Moreover, the embedding MIL-53(Al) variants boosted thermal and mechanical properties of the membrane, endowing it with considerable potential for practical applications.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
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2025
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IF 13.2
Lei Gao,Kang Niu,Xiyue Zhang,Xiaohong Yan,Songchao Shi,Shangbiao Feng,Chongwei An,Haifeng Yang,Zhiqiang Qiao,Chuanhao Xu
Metastable intermolecular composites (MICs) have demonstrated significant potential in microscale applications because of their favorable chemical reaction properties. However, the variability in reaction rates associated with conventional powder states, along with a limited understanding of reaction behaviors within semiconfined environments, has constricted the functional application of MICs to some extent. This study integrates and constructs a semiconfined energetic assembly embedded with MICs energetic sticks via additive manufacturing technology. Building upon this foundation, the energy release behavior of the assembly, characterized by varying energy release systems and component ratios, aims to elucidate the microscale reaction behavior of MICs within a semiconfined environment by investigating the energy release mechanisms of the energetic assembly. These findings indicate that MICs-based energetic assembly can inflict irreversible damage to silicon chips due to the pressure accumulation of gas-phase products during combustion. Notably, the Al/KIO 4 -based energetic assembly, which exhibits high reaction kinetics and efficient pressure release characteristics, can completely destroy a silicon chip with a thickness of 725 μm within 6 ms. Furthermore, it demonstrates the shortest response time (64 ms), the most effective damage impact, and favorable environmental adaptability in a slightly fuel-rich state (Φ = 1.5). This research not only enhances the understanding of the microscale energy release effects of MICs materials but also provides a novel perspective for their functional applications.
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Materials Research Express
·
2021
·Vol. 8
·期 3
·035507
·
IF 1.62
Shi Li,Tao Guo,Miao Yao,Wen Ding,Jialin Chen,Jiaxing Song,Sheng Zhang,Rui Zhu
To study the effect of the addition of potassium perchlorate (KClO4) on the performance of nano thermites, Al/Bi2O3 nano thermites with different mass fraction (wt%) of KClO4 was made by ultrasonic dispersion method. Then, all samples were tested by SEM, DSC and rapid excitation ignition. DSC results showed Al/Bi2O3/10 wt%KClO4 had the highest heat release. Compared with Al/Bi2O3, the heat release increased by 28.32%. The results of activation energy calculations showed Al/Bi2O3/30 wt%KClO4 had the lowest activation energy (Ea). Its activation energy was reduced by 30%, mere about 149.17 KJ mol−1. Finally, it can be seen from the combustion situation that the addition of KClO4 reduced the intensity of burning. This work found a way to increase the heat release or reduce the activation energy of nano thermites by controlling the amount of KClO4 added.
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Materials Research Express
·
2019
·Vol. 6
·期 8
·086472
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IF 1.449
Zhengjun Shen,Yannan Zhang,Xiaohua Yu
The interfacial microstructure of an Al-based coating on a Ti alloy surface has been designed by using phase diagrams and advanced first-principles calculations. Samples were characterized by x-ray diffractometry, scanning electron microscopy, optical microscopy, high resolution transmission electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometry. The results show that the stability sequence of the Ti–Al intermetallics was Ti3Al > TiAl > TiAl2 > TiAl3. The TiAl3 transition layer with a strong self-healing property was obtained easily by metallurgical reaction of Al and Ti. The Al atoms in TiAl3 combined rapidly with the O atoms to form a new Al2O3 protective layer in air. This work provides theoretical support for the thermal processing of Ti alloys.
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Journal of Environmental Chemical Engineering
·
2025
·Vol. 13
·期 6
·120116
·
IF 7.2
Wujian Zhang,Yongchao Zhao,Jidong Wang,Kangjun Wang,Hangjia Shen,Zongjian Liu,Wenfeng Han,Ying Li,Aimin Chen,Haodong Tang
The dehydrofluorination of 1,1-difluoroethane (R152a) is a Lewis acid–catalyzed reaction in which both catalytic activity and stability are governed by the coordination and acidity of aluminum sites. In this work, a mechanochemical fluorination strategy was developed to construct a partially fluorinated Al-based catalyst with tunable acid properties. By controlling the fluorine-aluminum ratio during ball milling, the in situ formation of AlF 2 (OH) was achieved, serving as a structural stabilizer and electronic modulator. The coexistence of F-Al-O units and unsaturated Al centers provides medium-strength Lewis acid sites, which favor selective C-F bond activation while suppressing side reactions. Comprehensive characterizations (XRD, XPS, 27 Al NMR, and NH 3 -TPD) confirmed that the defect-related F-Al-O structure maintains structural integrity and balanced acidity during reaction. Consequently, the optimized catalyst exhibits excellent activity, selectivity, and long-term stability in R152a dehydrofluorination.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2021
·
IF 5.316
Wenwu Zhou,Jianyong Ye,Sheng Zhuo,Danxia Yu,Ping Fang,Rong Peng,Yue Liu,Weifan Chen
The pigments with high near-infrared (NIR) reflectance hold great promise toward both fundamental types of researches and applications for the realization of comfortable indoor-temperature by mitigating urban heat island effect. However, the facile yet simple method for the NIR reflective pigments with bright color and non-toxic feature remains a huge challenge, limiting their practical application. Herein, we proposed a mild and universal method of solution combustion for constructing the non-toxic and NIR reflective yellow-green pigments of Al-doped Y 3 Fe 5 O 12 . The Y 3 Fe 4 AlO 12 pigment presented a high NIR reflectance of 87.66%, and an outstanding acid/alkali resistance. Moreover, the pigment had an impressive color performance (L* = 78.72, a* = − 4.05, b* = 40.04). Besides, the practical near-infrared reflection performance revealed that the transient surface temperature of the Y 3 Fe 4 AlO 12 pigment was 7.6 °C lower than that of the pigment with similar color on the market. This research supplied high NIR reflecting pigments of Y 3 Fe 5−x Al x O 12 as promising coatings for roofs and exterior walls of buildings, acting as a favorable solution for urban heat island effect.
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ELECTROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2015
·
IF 4.504
Jianmeng Chen,Yijing Xia,Qizhou Dai
This study presents an electrochemical method for the degradation of chloramphenicol (CAP) in aqueous solution with a novel Al doped PbO 2 electrode. The Al-doped PbO 2 electrode showed high electrochemical activity, oxygen evolution potential, radical utilization rate, reusability and safety. The influence factors on CAP degradation with the Al-doped PbO 2 electrode were investigated in detail, and under the optimal conditions the removal rates of CAP and TOC reached 87.30% and 52.06% in acid conditions after 2.5 h electrolysis with a 0.2 mol dm −3 Na 2 SO 4 at a current density of 30 mA cm −2 , respectively. The electrochemical degradation of CAP at Al-doped PbO 2 electrode electrode followed pseudo-first-order kinetics. The degradation mechanism was proposed by cyclic voltammograms tests and it was deduced that hydroxyl radicals generated in the electrochemical process played a key role in oxidizing CAP. Finally, based on the reaction products identified, a possible degradation pathway including radical reaction, ring open and mineralization was proposed.
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