CANADIAN JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING
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2024
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IF 1.6
Muhammad Sarfraz,Yang Li,He Yang,Lijun Jin,Haoquan Hu
Mercury (Hg 0 ) emission from coal-fired industrial plants poses severe threats to ecosystem sustainability and human health, urging the development of novel and cost-effective adsorbents to treat industrial flue gas. Herein, the modification of industrial residual red mud (RM) through the impregnation of hydrogen halides (HH) and its adsorption characteristics for removing elemental mercury from combustion flue gas was reported. Experimental investigation of HH-modified RM reveals that the hydrogen iodide (HI)-modified RM with a concentration of 1.5 M had a maximum Hg 0 removal efficiency of 98%, whereas hydrogen bromide (HBr) 1.5 M modified RM had a maximum Hg 0 removal efficiency of 90%. The effect of various parameters, such as reaction temperature and halide concentrations, were also found to be influential for the adsorption efficiency of the modified RM. Moreover, it is important to highlight the chemisorption characteristics of HI-modified RM, which significantly enhances the efficiency of the removal process. The Hg 0 removal efficiency increases with the increase in HI concentration (1.5 M @ 93%) with an optimal reaction temperature of 140°C. Furthermore, the maximum Hg 0 removal attained with a change in NO concentration was 98% at 200 ppm. However, increasing the SO 2 concentration reduces the efficiency of RM for removing Hg 0 in simulated coal combustion flue gas. The pseudo-second-order model ( R 2 = 0.98) accurately describes the adsorption of in kinetic investigations, indicating a chemisorption mechanism. This analysis of the chemisorption mechanism highlights the efficiency of halide-modified industrial solid waste, which has the potential to be used in the design of economical and innovative adsorbents for reducing environmental pollution. The present study employed specific reaction parameters such as reaction temperature, halide loading contents, and different flue gas compositions, which had not been extensively explored.
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ACS Sensors
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2024
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IF 8.2
Jia-Kang Wu,En-Kang Wu,Nam-Young Kim,Eun-Seong Kim,Xiao-Feng Gu,Jun-Ge Liang
Microwave gas sensors have garnered attention for their high sensitivity and selectivity in the detection of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, traditional gas sensors generally rely on sensitive materials that degrade over time and are easily affected by the environment, compromising their stability and accuracy. This study proposes a microwave VOC gas sensor based on the condensation effect. The sensor adopts a novel design without sensitive materials, utilizing the condensation effect to detect acetone gas. The sensor system consists of a microwave sensor and a temperature control device. As the sensor temperature is lowered below the boiling point of acetone, the condensation of acetone gas on the sensor surface is achieved, enabling accurate detection of acetone gas. Experimental results indicate that the accumulated amount of acetone on the sensor surface is positively correlated with its response, with the maximum response of 3000 ppm acetone gas reaching 0.34 dB. Additionally, this study investigated the detection mechanism of the sensor after adding the sensitive material MXene and compared the performance of the sensor at different temperatures (−10 °C, 0 °C, and 60 °C). The results show that at −10 °C the sensor mainly captures acetone through physical adsorption, while at 25 and 60 °C, it primarily responds through chemical adsorption, with a maximum response of 0.29 dB. The VOC sensor based on the condensation effect without sensitive materials not only achieves the same sensitivity as traditional microwave sensors but also demonstrates stronger stability and anti-interference capabilities.
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Nature Communications
·
2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-15
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IF 14.7
Cui Lele,Chen Bin,Chen Dongxu,He Chen,Liu Yi,Zhang Hongyi,Qiu Jian,Liu Le,Jing Wenheng,Zhang Zhenghua
The meticulous design of advanced electrocatalysts and their integration into gas diffusion electrode (GDE) architectures is emerging as a prominent research paradigm in the H 2 O 2 electrosynthesis community. However, it remains perplexing that electrocatalysts and assembled GDE frequently exhibit substantial discrepancies in H 2 O 2 selectivity during bulk electrolysis. Here, we elucidate the pivotal role of mass transfer behavior of key species (including reactants and products) beyond the intrinsic properties of the electrocatalyst in dictating electrode-scale H 2 O 2 selectivity. This tendency becomes more pronounced in high reaction rate (current density) regimes where transport limitations are intensified. By utilizing diffusion-related parameters (DRP) of GDEs (i.e., wettability and catalyst layer thickness) as probe factors, we employ both short- and long-term electrolysis in conjunction with in-situ electrochemical reflection-absorption imaging and theoretical calculations to thoroughly investigate the impact of DRP and DRP-controlled local microenvironments on O 2 and H 2 O 2 mass transfer. The mechanistic origins of diffusion-dependent conversion selectivity at the electrode scale are unveiled accordingly. The fundamental insights gained from this study underscore the necessity of architectural innovations for mainstream hydrophobic GDEs that can synchronously optimize mass transfer of reactants and products, paving the way for next-generation GDEs in gas-consuming electroreduction scenarios.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Hui-Ting Zheng,Liang Song,Le Yan,Xiao-Hong Xiong,Yu-Lin Lu,Cheng-Xia Chen,Mihail Barboiu,Zhang-Wen Wei,Ji-Jun Jiang,Cheng-Yong Su
The purification of methane from natural gas is extremely important for industrial applications. In this study, hierarchical porous material LIFM-Z1 with microporous cages and mesoporous hexagonal one-dimensional channels was successfully synthesized and evaluated. The results show that LIFM-Z1 can effectively separate CH 4 from the mixed gas containing CH 4 , C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 and n-C 4 H 10 . Single-component adsorption experiments revealed the selective adsorption ability of LIFM-Z1 for C 2 H 6 , C 3 H 8 , and n-C 4 H 10 , enabling a clear distinction between these components and CH 4 . This selectivity was further verified by dynamic breakthrough experiments. Theoretical analysis shows that the interaction between LIFM-Z1 and gas molecules mainly depends on the synergistic effect of C–H⋯O hydrogen bond and C–H⋯C van der Waals force. The results highlight the potential of utilizing 3D linkers to enhance the inner wall interaction with CH 4 and its related gases in MOF construction. These characteristics of LIFM-Z1 not only successfully demonstrate the potential of separation and purification of natural gas with high efficiency, but also show its broad application prospects in the actual natural gas processing.
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INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF HYDROGEN ENERGY
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2024
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IF 8.1
Yujuan Hu,Kelin Hu,Jing Zhang,Yuxiao Jiang,Tao He,Yu He,Rujing Yan
This paper presents a hydrogen sensor made of WSe 2 modified monocrystalline SnSe 2 nanolayer . The hydrogen sensitive property of tungsten diselenide (WSe 2 ) and tin diselenide (SnSe 2 ) was found by hydrothermal adjustment of the molar ratio . The samples were characterized for their crystal structure, microstructure, morphology, and elemental composition , and the morphology and heterojunction formation of the nanocomposites were confirmed. When the optimal molar ratio is 1:1 and the optimal working temperature is 270 °C, the WSe 2 /SnSe 2 sensor have good sensing properties for hydrogen, and the sensitivity for 100 ppm hydrogen is about 7.27. Finally, the experiment proves that WSe 2 /SnSe 2 gas sensor has a unique selection of hydrogen and has a wide application prospect in hydrogen detection in the future. The gas sensing mechanism of the hydrogen sensor is discussed based on its material structure .
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Nature Communications
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2024
·Vol. 15
·期 1
·1-13
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IF 14.7
Zou Yunjie,Mao Chengliang,Xu Mingkai,Xing Chao,Wang Ruizhao,Ozin Geoffrey A.,Ling Lan
Gas-phase heterogeneous catalytic CO 2 hydrogenation to commodity chemicals and fuels via surface frustrated Lewis pairs is a growing focus of scientific and technological interest. Traditional gas-phase heterogeneous surface frustrated Lewis pair catalysts primarily involve metal oxide-hydroxides (MOH•••M). An avenue to improve the process performance metrics lies in replacing the Lewis base MOH with a stronger alternative; an intriguing example being the amine MNH 2 in metal nitrides. This study establishes a proof-of-concept that an amine-type photoactive surface frustrated Lewis pair (MNH 2 •••M) can be constructed in titanium nitride (TiN x O y ) when integrated with a nanoscale platinum spillover co-catalyst. This surface frustrated Lewis pair, comprising Ti-NH 2 as the Lewis base and low-valent Ti as the Lewis acid, facilitates the gas-phase light-assisted heterogeneous reverse water-gas shift reaction. The reaction proceeds via a surface-active carbamate intermediate, Ti-(H 2 N-COO)-Ti, whereby the synergism of Lewis acidic and Lewis basic sites endows it with superior performance indicators compared to TiN x O y alone, as well as conventional platinum supported metal oxides.
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Materia-Rio de Janeiro
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2025
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IF 1.2
Wang Lina,Li Lili,Pang Zhenxing,Hui Xuesong
This study reports a facile synthesis of Au-modified Nano-SnS2 composites through a combined water-thermal and in situ chemical reduction method, aimed at advancing low-temperature gas sensing technology. Comprehensive structural analyses using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy confirmed that incorporation of Au nanoparticles significantly alters the nanostructure. The results reveal that optimal Au loading at 0.5 wt% refines the crystallite size from approximately 25 nm to 20–23 nm, while uniformly distributed Au particles with diameters of 3–5 nm effectively form Schottky junctions that enhance interfacial charge transfer. Gas sensing measurements demonstrate that the sensor response increases from 4.7 at 1 ppm to 22.6 at 10 ppm NO2, and a linear correlation (R2 = 0.998) was observed in the lower concentration range of 1–4 ppm. Furthermore, the optimal operating temperature decreased from 140°C for the unmodified sensor to 120°C, contributing to reduced power consumption. The transient response characteristics also improved markedly, with a response time of 42 s and a recovery time of 127 s, in contrast to 220 s and 520 s for the pristine material. Long-term stability tests over 40 days revealed less than 4% variation in sensor performance, and selectivity experiments confirmed a strong preference for NO2 over other interfering gases. Overall, the synergistic effects of Au-induced electronic sensitization and catalytic activity result in enhanced sensitivity, faster kinetics, and excellent durability. These significant findings offer valuable insights for designing highly efficient sensors for environmental monitoring, paving the way for future sensor technology.
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JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS
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2025
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IF 6.3
Hongdan Su,Jiyu Yuan,Jianbo Sun
Heterostructures are known for their enhanced electron mobility and adjustable activity, providing effective strategies to modulate selectivity and sensing property in gas sensing applications. In this study, CuWO 4 /WO 3 nanoflowers are synthesized by a hydrothermal method, incorporating CuWO 4 nanoparticles. The recognition capability of WO 3 nanoflowers is tailored from NO 2 to H 2 S by precisely adjusting the loading amount of CuWO 4 nanoparticles. This transformation is attributed to the heterojunction formation by CuWO 4 /WO 3 composite, regulating the gas adsorption types and chemical reactions occurring on the materials’ surface. Potential mechanisms governing gas sensing via electron transport are elucidated by a comprehensive characterization of materials using SEM, HRTEM, XPS, and UPS.
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CERAMICS INTERNATIONAL
·
2025
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IF 5.6
Baoqing Han,Song Xue,Benben Wang,Yuefei Yan,Hairong Wang,Congsi Wang
As a characteristic marker of advanced fibrosis, isoprene could be utilized for quick screening of liver disease. In this study, ZnO samples modified with varying molar percentages of Pt, as well as unmodified ZnO, were synthesized using hydrothermal method. The results revealed that the specific surface area (SSA) of the 1 mol% Pt@ZnO was as high as 51.6 m 2 /g and the original porous structure of ZnO was retained. The sensing performance of fabricated Pt@ZnO and ZnO was systematically evaluated, revealing enhanced isoprene detection capability for the 1 mol% Pt@ZnO compared to its unmodified counterpart. At an isoprene concentration of 0.2 ppm, the response time of Pt@ZnO was only 8 s, and the optimal temperature was lowered to 230 °C, facilitating rapid detection of isoprene with low power consumption. In addition, when exposed to 1 ppm isoprene, the 1 mol% Pt@ZnO exhibited a response value of 30.1, representing a threefold over pristine ZnO. Remarkably, the 1 mol% Pt@ZnO demonstrated remarkable sensitivity with a response value of 4.1 at 20 ppb isoprene concentration, while exhibiting superior selectivity towards isoprene compared to ZnO. In conclusion, 1 mol% Pt@ZnO spherical flower-like nanomaterial showed promise as candidate for isoprene gas-sensing applications.
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SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
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2025
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IF 7.7
Fangling Zhou,Zhuangzhuang Mu,Zhenyu Yuan,Renze Zhang,Xin Yan,Fanli Meng
N-butanol is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that is harmful to human health, and the development of gas sensors for n-butanol vapor detection is necessary. In this work, the nanoflowers-like ZnSnO 3 was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal route followed by an annealing process. The results revealed that optimizing the hydrothermal time to 12 h resulted in ZnSnO 3 -2 exhibiting the highest gas response (40.48) towards 100 ppm n-butanol at 275°C, boasting a detection limit of 500 ppb. Furthermore, ZnSnO 3 -2 exhibits excellent gas selectivity and long-term stability. The improved sensing performance of ZnSnO 3 -2 was attributed to its large specific surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the gas sensing mechanism for enhancing n-butanol detection was comprehensively analyzed. These results highlight the potential of nanoflower-like ZnSnO 3 as a promising candidate for n-butanol gas sensing material, offering both high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, this research provides valuable guidance for the development and optimization of gas sensing materials for applications in environmental monitoring and industrial safety.
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CHEMICAL ENGINEERING JOURNAL
·
2025
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IF 13.2
Fangling Zhou,Zhuangzhuang Mu,Gaoliang Chen,Zhenyu Yuan,Renze Zhang,Xin Yan,Fanli Meng
In this study, we successfully constructed a CoSnO₃/SnO₂/Zn₂SnO₄ ternary heterojunction composite, and developed a high-performance isopropanol gas sensor. Experimental results show that the introduction of p-type amorphous CoSnO₃ forms a multi-interface synergistic effect with the SnO₂/Zn₂SnO₄ (n-n heterojunction) substrate, significantly enhancing the gas-sensing performance of the sensor. Specifically, compared with the unmodified SnO₂/Zn₂SnO₄ sensor, the optimal operating temperature of the 0.5 % CoSnO₃/SnO₂/Zn₂SnO₄ sensor was reduced from 380 °C to 320 °C, the lower detection limit was reduced from 1 ppm to 0.5 ppm, and the response value to 100 ppm isopropanol was significantly increased from 40.7 to 490.5, an increase of 12 times. In addition, the sensor exhibits excellent repeatability and long-term stability. The excellent gas-sensing performance of the CoSnO₃/SnO₂/Zn₂SnO₄ sensor prepared in this study mainly stems from its three structural advantages: the effective construction of p–n heterojunctions, abundant surface oxygen vacancies, and the specific adsorption of isopropanol by CoSnO₃. The research team conducted an in-depth and systematic investigation into the gas-sensing mechanism of this composite sensing material.
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ADVANCED MATERIALS
·
2025
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IF 26.8
De Cai Fang,Zi Qiang Ma,Li Hong Chang,Chang Bao Han,Hui Yan
In the field of gas phase catalysis, reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a crucial role, but how to improve catalytic efficiency and lifetime by forming ROS efficiently and sustainably during the catalytic process is a challenge for high-performance catalysts. Here, a pyroelectric enhanced catalytic oxidation (PECO) strategy is reported that can effectively enhance the catalytic oxidation efficiency and life of the catalyst by constantly generation of ROS. When gaseous pollutants of formaldehyde (HCHO) are catalytically degraded by conductive aerogel catalysts of MnO x , the HCHO to CO 2 conversion efficiency is increased by ≈300% to 95.33% at a high gas hourly space velocity (GHSV: 600 L g cat. −1 ·h −1 ) using the pyroelectric effect of BaTiO 3 , and the efficiency attenuation is less than 3% during the continuous catalytic process of 1200 h. The experimental and theoretical analysis confirm that the pyroelectric effect contributes to improving valence transition of Mn 3+ /Mn 4+ and electron transfer of oxygen-containing molecules thus leading to the continuous formation of ROS. The PECO strategy provides a simple and effective approach for ROS engineering and has broad application prospects in the field of catalysis.
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