SENSORS AND ACTUATORS B-CHEMICAL
·
2025
·
IF 7.7
Fangling Zhou,Zhuangzhuang Mu,Zhenyu Yuan,Renze Zhang,Xin Yan,Fanli Meng
N-butanol is a volatile organic compound (VOC) that is harmful to human health, and the development of gas sensors for n-butanol vapor detection is necessary. In this work, the nanoflowers-like ZnSnO 3 was synthesized via a one-step hydrothermal route followed by an annealing process. The results revealed that optimizing the hydrothermal time to 12 h resulted in ZnSnO 3 -2 exhibiting the highest gas response (40.48) towards 100 ppm n-butanol at 275°C, boasting a detection limit of 500 ppb. Furthermore, ZnSnO 3 -2 exhibits excellent gas selectivity and long-term stability. The improved sensing performance of ZnSnO 3 -2 was attributed to its large specific surface area and abundant oxygen vacancies. Additionally, the gas sensing mechanism for enhancing n-butanol detection was comprehensively analyzed. These results highlight the potential of nanoflower-like ZnSnO 3 as a promising candidate for n-butanol gas sensing material, offering both high sensitivity and selectivity. Moreover, this research provides valuable guidance for the development and optimization of gas sensing materials for applications in environmental monitoring and industrial safety.
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Coatings
·
2025
·Vol. 15
·期 9
·1093
·
IF 2.8
Wei Wang,Qiwen Zhang,Fan Zhang,Hongyue Li,Ying Liu,Kemeng Wei,Yan Zhao,Songlin Yu,Yajun Li,Feng Zhang,Meili Yang,Qing-Qing Hao,Xiaolin Luo
The gas-phase synthesis of anisole from methanol and phenol is currently recognized as the process with the most theoretical research value and industrial application prospect. LaPO4has attracted widespread attention due to its excellent catalytic activity, robust water resistance, and high-temperature performance. In this work, rod-like monoclinic, mixed phase, and hexagonal LaPO4were synthesized using the hydrothermal method, and their catalytic activity was evaluated. The results showed that the catalytic activity of the hexagonal phase is higher than that of the monoclinic phase. By combining relevant characterization methods and DFT theoretical calculations, it is clarified that the higher acidity and stronger alkalinity of the exposed surface of hexagonal LaPO4are the main reasons for its higher activity. Further research has revealed that the main cause of LaPO4deactivation is carbon deposition on the catalyst surface.
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BIOTECHNOLOGY AND BIOENGINEERING
·
2025
·
IF 3.6
Dong-Ao Li,Guang-Hui Xu,Jie Shen,Hong Zhang
This study explores the mechanisms of oxidative damage in Chlorella sorokiniana under continuous gas-liquid phase plasma exposure. The oxidative damage mechanism of C. sorokiniana was revealed through multiple analytical techniques, including scanning electron microscopy (SEM), flow cytometry (FCM), and fluorescence excitation-emission matrix (EEM). Plasma-induced damage to algal cell membranes, causing seepage of photosynthetic pigments and dissolved organic matter; chlorophyll fluorescence changes confirmed damage to the photosynthetic system. Alterations in MDA, intracellular ROS/NO, and antioxidant enzyme activities reflect lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress levels. These results show that plasma induces oxidative damage to algal membranes, intracellular components, and photosystems via reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). C. sorokiniana activates its antioxidant defense system under stress. This gradual, cumulative damage exerts distinct biological effects at different times. The findings support the precise control of low-temperature plasma for beneficial microorganisms and provide a basis for advancing microalgae transformation technologies.
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Polymers
·
2020
·Vol. 12
·期 9
·2048
·
IF 3.426
Yiwu Liu,Ao Tang,Jinghua Tan,Xianqing Zhao,Chengliang Chen,Ding Wu,Yuhui Li,Pan He,Hailiang Zhang
A high-barrier polyimide (2,7-CPI) was synthesized through the polymerization of pyromellitic dianhydride (PMDA) and a novel diamine (2,7-CDA) containing carbazole moiety. The synthesized diamine and polyimide were fully characterized by elemental analyses, FTIR and NMR. The 2,7-CPI displays very attractive barrier performances, with oxygen transmission rate (OTR) and water vapor transmission rate (WVTR) low to 0.14 cm3·m−2·day−1and 0.05 g·m−2·day−1, respectively. Meanwhile, 2,7-CPI also exhibits exceptional thermal stability with a glass transition temperature (Tg) of 467 °C, 5% weight-loss temperature (Td5%) of 550 °C under N2and coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE) of 3.4 ppm/K. The barrier performances of 2,7-CPI are compared with those of a structural analogue (2,7-CPPI) and a typical polyimide (Kapton). Their barrier performances with respect to microstructure were investigated by molecular simulations, wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and positron annihilation lifetime spectroscopy (PALS). The results show that 2,7-CPI possesses better coplanar structure and more number of intermolecular hydrogen bonds among the three PIs, which result in tight chain packing and thereby high crystallinity, low free volume, and decreased chains mobility. That is, the high crystallinity and low free volume of 2,7-CPI reduce the diffusion and solubility of gases. Meanwhile, the poor chains mobility further decreases the gases diffusion. The reduced diffusion and solubility of gases consequently promote the improvement of barrier properties for 2,7-CPI. The polyimide has a wide application prospect in the field of flexible electronic packaging industries.Keywords:polyimide;carbazole;barrier properties;molecular simulations
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MICROCHEMICAL JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.9
Yu-Lan Zhu,Yu-Ping Yang,An-Xu Ma,Xiao-Yan Ran,Cheng Liu,Bang-Jin Wang,Jun-Hui Zhang,Sheng-Ming Xie,Li-Ming Yuan
Metal-organic polyhedra (MOPs), as a novel class of porous materials, exhibit distinctive application potential in molecular recognition, separation, catalysis, luminescent materials, drug delivery, and biomedicine owing to their tunable geometric shape and size, well-defined cavities, and discrete characteristics. In this study, we report that a chiral MOP [Cu 12 (L V ) 12 (H 2 O) 12 ] (V = L-valine) coated capillary column was used for gas chromatographic separations. The MOP coated capillary column offered the efficient separation of n-alkanes, alkylbenzenes, n-alcohols, multiple types of isomers, and enantiomers with high selectivity. Various enantiomers including esters, halogenated hydrocarbons, alcohols, ethers, aldehydes, and amino acid derivatives were well resolved on this chiral column, especially for some amino acid derivatives (e.g., Rs = 5.24 for tyrosine derivative). Compared with the commercial β- DEX 120 column for separation of the tested racemates, the chiral resolution performance of the MOP coated column can be complementary to that of β -DEX 120 column. Using 1,2-dichloropropane and o, m, p -dichlorobenzene as analytes, the MOP coated column exhibited good stability and reproducibility for gas chromatographic separations. The relative standard deviations (RSDs) of the retention time and peak area for repeated separation of 1, 2-dichloropropane and o, m, p -dichlorobenzene were less than 1.15 and 0.79 %, respectively. The results show that the chiral MOP holds great potential as a novel type of CSP for application in gas chromatography.
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Sensor Review
·
2025
·
IF 1.4
Zhaopeng Li,Pei Li,Peisi Yin,Xin Zhao,Yangting Hu,Fei Sun,Xia Sun,Zhenhe Wang
Purpose This paper aims to develop a highly sensitive resistive gas sensor for accurately detecting ethyl formate to achieve reliable and real-time monitoring of fish meal spoilage. Design/methodology/approach Based on the one-step solvothermal reduction method, in a specific triethylene glycol solution environment and high temperature, the 3D ZnO sensing material with a jackfruit-like structure was prepared for detecting ethyl formate gas in fish meal. Findings The gas sensor based on 3D ZnO displays high sensor response (69.68–100 ppm) at 280°C and 43% RH and good sensor response (12.18–100 ppm) at 280°C and 80% RH, ultra-low detection limit of 10 ppb at 43% RH, excellent selectivity, repeatability and long-term stability. The sensing mechanism is due to the gain or loss of electrons caused by the sensor surface reaction. The unique jackfruit-like structure, abundant oxygen vacancies and large surface area may be another factor contributing to its excellent ethyl formate gas sensing performance. Originality/value The authors first developed an ethyl formate gas sensor, and the results were compared with the previously published data. The analysis showed the ZnO gas sensor demonstrated excellent sensing performance. This work highlights the potential of high response ethyl formate gas sensors to accurately evaluate fish meal quality.
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Matter
·
2025
·
IF 17.5
Cuiying Ye,Di Liu,Yikui Gao,Fan Liu,Hongxuan Xu,Tao Jiang,Zhong Lin Wang
Electrification at water-solid interfaces, which enhances interfacial physical and chemical reactions, plays a crucial role in energy fields. However, the fundamental limits on charge transfer due to contact electrification (CE) at these interfaces remain poorly understood. Here, we first demonstrate electrostatic breakdown (EB) in the vicinity of liquid-solid-gas interfaces, which is attributed to the enhanced electric field in the gas close to the triple-phase contact line. Furthermore, we discover the significant impact of distant conductors on the interface electric field depending on their locations and grounding statuses and observe two types of breakdowns. Guided by an established physical model of breakdown, we achieve a record-high charge density of 1.36 mC m −2 in CE at water-insulator interfaces. Finally, we show the broad impact of EB on energy harvesting, surface wettability, and droplet motion at water-insulator interfaces. This previously unexplored EB phenomenon could offer new insights into interfacial charge and energy exchange at water-solid interfaces.
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Advanced Science
·
2025
·
IF 14.1
Zeyu Zhang,Bolang Cheng,Yong Zhang
Ethylene (C 2 H 4 ) is an important plant hormone, and its concentration can be used as an essential indicator of fruit quality. However, C 2 H 4 is a non-polar gas with a relatively stable structure, making it challenging to detect and desorb without heating or irradiation. Here, a pulsed electric field modulation mode for non-polar gas detection is proposed, which enables fast and complete recovery of sensors at room temperature. Compared to the nearly impossible desorption without electric field assistance, the recovery time for 9 ppm C 2 H 4 can be reduced to 78 s when the +60 V pulse gate voltage is applied, which is nearly equivalent to the recorded values under heating or irradiation (50 s under 250 °C). Most crucially, with the help of a gate-induced electric field, the sensor achieves complete desorption within 100 s. This work offers a new approach for fast non-polar gas detection at room temperature and on-chip integration of gas sensors.
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IEEE SENSORS JOURNAL
·
2024
·
IF 4.3
Jingxuan Wu,Yu Wan,Zhenxing Wang,Yimu Wang,Qingsong Luo,Changhao Feng,Tatsuo Yoshinobu
The efficient and reliable monitoring of acetic acid (CH3COOH) is significant to environmental protection and human healthcare. LaFeO3 is a potential sensing material for CH3COOH with its good sensitivity and high plasticity. To further improve the sensing properties of LaFeO3 to meet the requirements of applications, we successfully utilized the facile electrospinning technique to fabricate a series of CH3COOH-sensitive Ag-doped (0–5 mol%) LaFeO3 nanotubes. The systematic characterization shows that the appropriate content (4 mol%) of Ag doping can effectively ameliorate the material morphology to realize loose porous structures. Meanwhile, the sensitization effect of Ag and ameliorated morphology significantly enhance the gas-sensing properties of LaFeO3 to CH3COOH vapor. The optimal Ag-doped LaFeO3 (4 mol%) loose nanotubes-based gas sensor results in a detection limit of 0.5 ppm and 3.6-fold enhancement of the response to 100-ppm CH3COOH compared with the pure LaFeO3 compact nanotubes at a low operating temperature (150 °C). It also exhibits excellent selectivity to CH3COOH and good long-term stability. Therefore, Ag-doped LaFeO3 can be regarded as a promising material for sensing CH3COOH in practical applications. Finally, the mechanism of enhanced gas-sensing properties is discussed.
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MICROCHIMICA ACTA
·
2025
·Vol. 192
·期 3
·1-13
·
IF 5.3
Bi Leyao,Fu Boyan,Lin Jiahui,Wen Junsheng,Fu Jiaxing,Zou Binglin,Su Ningning,Wang Chunjie,Wang Yue
Ag-modified ZnO coral-like nanosheets were synthesized for the first time using a simple hydrothermal method. Compared to other Ag-modified ZnO sensors, the sensor with 2 wt% Ag content demonstrates excellent ethanol-sensing performance. The maximum response value of 67.42 can be achieved at the optimal operating temperature of 260 °C for 100 ppm ethanol gas, with corresponding response/recovery time of 6/75 s, respectively. This sensor also exhibits superior selectivity, reproducibility, and long-term stability. Techniques such as XRD, XPS, SEM, and TEM were employed to characterize the physicochemical properties of the gas-sensitive materials. Further research indicates that the enhanced gas-sensing properties of the composite materials can be mainly attributed to the unique coral-like nanosheet structure, the relatively high-specific surface area (9.8706 m 2 /g), and the combined effects of the Ag-ZnO heterostructure, as well as the synergistic interplay of electronic sensitization and spillover effects. This research offers valuable insights into the modification of ZnO-based gas-sensing materials with noble metals. Graphical
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Nature Communications
·
2025
·Vol. 16
·期 1
·1-9
·
IF 15.7
Guo Zheyuan,Li Wenping,Wu Hong,Cao Li,Song Shuqing,Ma Xiaohui,Shi Jiafu,Ren Yanxiong,Huang Tong,Li Yonghong,Jiang Zhongyi
Mixed-matrix membranes that combine the merits of polymer and filler materials offer high potential for molecular separations, but precisely engineering the filler phase structure to give full play to the role of filler materials remains challenging. Herein, we explore a reverse-filling approach to fabricate mixed-matrix membranes with continuous and vertically penetrating covalent organic framework channels for CO 2 separation. Covalent organic framework nanosheets as building blocks are pre-assembled into a robust and vertically oriented covalent organic framework scaffold via ice templating method, with the subsequent polyimide filling into the scaffold. The scaffold inherits the intrinsic CO 2 -philic pore structure of nanosheets, which serves as fast and selective CO 2 transport channels in the membrane. The resulting membrane exhibits high CO 2 permeability of 972 Barrer and CO 2 /CH 4 selectivity of 58, along with long-term stability and scale-up capability. This approach may stimulate the thinking about how to design advanced mixed-matrix membranes.
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SEPARATION AND PURIFICATION TECHNOLOGY
·
2024
·
IF 8.1
Heng Wu,Sen Li,Yujuan Chen,Lei Huang,Huifang Zhao,Xiaofang Yu,Xianglin Pei
H 2 O 2 is the cornerstone of the modern chemical industry and has a wide range of applications. Graphite felt coated with carbon oxide black can be used as an efficient cathode material to produce H 2 O 2 . The electrode can be used to remove Hg 0 in the gas phase. Through the characterization of the catalyst, it was observed that oxidized carbon black has more functional groups and defects than carbon black. The increase of −C = O can promote oxygen reduction reaction, and then produce H 2 O 2 through electrochemical two-electron oxygen reduction, and finally show better Hg 0 removal performance. The oxidative removal of Hg 0 was 81.5 % after 60 min at current density = 9.2 mA/cm 2 , electrolyte concentration = 0.06 mol/L and pH = 4.6. which is 33.5 % higher than that of original graphite felt, and it still has good stability and repeatability after 7 repetitions. At the same time, DFT calculation revealed that the incorporation of CB into C = O promoted the conversion of O 2 to H 2 O 2 . Finally, this study opens up a new way for efficient, rapid, green, clean, and sustainable removal of Hg 0 from the gas phase.
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